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Volume 66 (2000)
- Issue 6 Pages 969-
- Issue 5 Pages 791-
- Issue 4 Pages 603-
- Issue 3 Pages 372-
- Issue 2 Pages 195-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 66, Issue 2
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
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Mikayo Miyagi, Gunzo Kawamura2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 195-199
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSL-responses to UV stimulus and UV sensitive cones in marine fishes. To examine the UV sensitivity of marine fishes, the L-responses to monochromatic UV of 337nm and 368nm were recorded from the retinae of 11 fishes. 5 species, including Chelidonichthys spinosus (A group), showed L-responses to both the wavelengths, Pagrus major and Sparus sarba (B group), showed L-responses only to 368nm, and the other 4 species, including Konosirus punctatus (C group), showed no response to the UV stimulus. Histological examination of the retinae revealed that all these fishes had twin cones but no small accessory corner cones. Twin cones and central single cones formed cone mosaics in a regular arrangement in A and B groups, and central single cones were missing missing in most cone mosaics in C group. These experimental results indicate that the central single cone is sensitive to the UV used.View full abstractDownload PDF (738K) -
Yoichi Yoshida, Keigo Yamamoto, Masaki Nakajima, Koji Tsujino, Kazuya ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 200-206
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relatioship between the bloom of Skeletonema costatum and water quality or meteorological factors was examined in the northeast part of Osaka Bay, by referring to the Meteorological Agency's data. Monthly changes in water quality factors and phytoplankton in the northeast part of Osaka Bay showed that the DIN : DIP (dissolved inorganic nitrogen : dissolved inorganic phosphorus) ratio was high in the spring and low in the autumn and that S. costatum occurred throughout the year (the range of water temperature : ca. 7-31°C), but suddenly decreased in July or August. The DIN : DIP ratio where S. costatum occurred with a high density of cells was very high (ca. 900) from April to August whereas the ratio was low (ca. 50) from September to February. These results suggested that S. costatum in the northeast part of Osaka Bay showed roughly the spring and autumn types and that both types alternated in July or August.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
Mamoru Hirayama, Shigeru Fuwa, Munechika Ishizaki2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 207-211
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposed a model of capture process of trap for puffer, considering the behavior of puffer in the trap entrance. The model is based on the observation in the trap for puffer, which was conducted in the field and experimental tank. Fundamentalism in this model is analyzed by the probability (Pc) that puffer pass the trap entrance. The probability (Pc) is expressed using the geometric probability concerning the size of puffer (BL : cm) and entrance (EW : cm). The puffers with the size equal to or less than 0.5BL/EW can swim backward, and these with the size over 2.3 BL/EW never do. The issues and the applications related to stock management were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (654K) -
Fumio Hayashida2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 212-220
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe vertical distribution of an eelgrass bed was surveyed in Iwachi Bay, the Pacific coast of central Japan. Samplings were conducted from May to November in 1977 using SCUBA. Eelgrasses were distributed at the depth of 3 to 11m. The lower limit of the bed at 12m is probably due to the low light intensity at that depth relative to the surface. Nevertheless, the plants showed good growth at 7-10m depth, which is comparatively deeper than other eelgrass habitation in Japan. Highest population density (290 shoots/m2) was observed in September and fresh weight of biomass (888g/m2) was highest in July at 7m depth. The ratio of reproductive shoots to the total shoots was also highest at the aforementioned depth which was about 36% in June. The maximum value of the mean leaf area index was about 3 at 10m depth in July. It was then considered that the high values of water transparency and solar radiation, and longer sunshine duration compared with the other localities contributed to the growth of eelgrass in deeper waters in Iwachi Bay.View full abstractDownload PDF (1011K) -
Atsushi Yamasaki2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 221-227
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA legal minimum size of 90mm in carapace width has been enforced for male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio fishery in the western Sea of Japan. And the fishing periods for hard-shelled and softshelled males are currently limited from 6 November to 20 March of the following year and from 21 December to 20 March of the following year, respectively. Under these conditions, the estimated sex ratio (the number of terminal molt males with hard shell to the number of multiparous females) was 0.35, which was lower than the ratio of 0.49 of virgin stock. In this study, we investigated the fishing intensity for soft-shelled males needed to obtain the sex ratio of virgin stock. It was estimated that the opening date of the fishing period for soft-shelled males should be 1 March, if the terminal date and the legal size remain unchanged, and if the legal size is set to a carapace width of 110mm, the opening date should be 29 January. As a matter of course, it is desirable to reduce by half the current fishing intensity for females and to maintain the sex ratio of virgin stock. In order to satisfy these regulations, however, it will be necessary not to only limit the capture of soft-shelled males but to take some measures such as enlargement of the legal minimum size and shortening of the fishing period for hard-shelled males.View full abstractDownload PDF (872K) -
Keiichi Uchida, Tadashi Tokai, Takahisa Mituhashi, Fuxiang Hu, Ko Matu ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 228-235
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSize selectivity of net-pot of several mesh sizes for white-spotted conger eel Conger myriaster were estimated using the extended SELECT analysis method. Paired gear tests (net-pots of five mesh openings; 11.6, 13.6, 15.5, 18.1, and 21.0mm versus net-pots covered with small mesh of 10.8mm mesh opening as control gear) were carried out the total 20 times during October and early November in 1995 and 1996. The requirement to combine data of each time is constant fishing-effort ratio of the test gear to the control gear or no change in length frequencies. Because of significant difference in total length frequencies between the two years, data of each year were therefore not combined for mesh openings with different gear numbers were used in the two years, and then split parameters were estimated for each year. Selectivity curve of each mesh opening obtained in this study was attributed chiefly to mesh selectivity of the net, because it was quite similar to that estimated from the cover-net method in the previous study. However, the curve in this study has 50% retention length of slightly larger than the cover-net. This implies an effect of cover-net on behavior of conger eel passing through mesh of net-pot in the cover-net method.View full abstractDownload PDF (969K) -
Shigeru Fujieda, Hideto Tou, Yoshiaki Hamada2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 236-242
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present conditions of fishing debris used for marine culture (Net-cage raft and frame, foamed float) were observed visually on the coast of Kagoshima Bay. Foamed floats were classified into three types (Grounded floats, Floats for marine use, and Floats for land use). Grounded floats are grounded foamed floats on the coast. Floats for marine use are foamed floats without covers used for mooring buoys, fenders, and fishing floats on the sea. Floats for land use are foamed floats without covers used or stocked on land. Grounded floats were observed on the whole coast of Kagoshima Bay. There were a total of 3, 043 Grounded floats, and the average density of Grounded floats was 10.3 pieces/km. The highest density fishing district was on Ushine (38.9pieces/km). The total number of Floats for marine use was 4, 856, and the total number of Floats for land use was 1, 344. Floats for marine use (80.2%) were used for mooring buoys and fenders of pleasure boats in harbors. The total number of grounded net-cage rafts was 127 pieces, and the total number of frames was 223. These have been mainly grounded around the coast of areas used for agviculture.View full abstractDownload PDF (858K) -
Kohichi Satoh, Etsuhisa Hitaka, Keisuke Kimoto2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 243-248
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of protein digestibility of formula feed (extruded pellet; EP and single moist pellet; SMP) and mainly-raw-fish diet (OMP) of young yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata on the post-feeding changes of apparent protein digestibility (APD) and gastric digesta contents during several seasons were examined. APD of OMP were constantly about 85%, irrespective of the season and post-feeding time. APD of EP and SMP were 60-80% at the earlier time of post-feeding and 80-90% at the later time. In these two feeds, the lowering of APD was observed in low temperature season. Gastric evacuation rates were markedly slower in fish fed EP than in fish fed SMP or OMP, during all seasons. Accumulative protein digestibility values calculated based on post-feeding changes of gastric digesta contents and APD were about 85% in fish fed OMP, during all seasons. On the other hand, those values declined from 83% to 77% in fish fed EP, and from 82% to 68% in fish fed SMP, as water temperature declined. These results indicate that the protein digestibility of formula feeds such as EP and SMP are lower than OMP for young yellowtail during the low water temperature periods.View full abstractDownload PDF (734K) -
Tomoo Sawabe, Mikio Narita, Reiji Tanaka, Masashi Onji, Kenichi Tajima ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 249-254
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpot-disease of Laminaria fronds has been occasionally observed in coastal areas of Hokkaido Japan. A huge outbreak of the disease occurred in Laminaria japonica near the southeastern part of Hokkaido in 1998. Three bacterial strains showing Laminaria-frond degrading activity were isolated from the spot-wounded fronds of L. japonica collected at Minamikayabe, Hokkaido, Japan. All the strains were tentatively identified as Alteromonas strain, and two of them were identified as Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii, of which the species included an alginolytic marine bacterium isolated from a spot-disease of Laminaria japonica var. ochotensis occurring at Rishiri Island at 1985. The phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of the Laminaria-frond degrading bacteria were described.View full abstractDownload PDF (812K) -
Guosheng Zhang, Katsuaki Nashimoto2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 255-260
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAuditory frequency discrimination of marbled sole Pleuronectes yokohamae was determined by measuring the cardiac response of fish exposed to a series of paired tones, one of standard frequency (F1) and one of alternating-tone frequency (F2) were combined at 0.2s intervals. Fish were first conditioned in a paired tone of different frequency in one octave coupled with an electric shock. Fish could discriminate frequencies between 100 and 300Hz, but not frequencies of 400 Hz and above. Frequency discrimination limens ((|F2-F1|/F1)×100(%)) were approximately 30% at 100-200Hz and 35% at 300Hz in standard frequency.View full abstractDownload PDF (770K) -
Yoshiki Matsushita2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 261-268
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Kenichi T. Suzuki, Takanori Kobayashi, Takashi Matsuishi, Kenichi Numa ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 269-274
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) of Japanese Longfin Smelt Spirinchus lanceolatus among four river populations were examined to clarify their genetic feature and population structure. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using 9 kinds of 6-base recognized restriction endonucleases (Apa I, Ava I, BamH I, Bgl II, BstE II, EcoR I, Pst I, Pvu II, Xba I) revealed considerable variaton. We found 17 haplotypes in 91 specimens. Restriction fragment patterns were polymorphic for 7 enzymes examined. Nucleotide divergence between haplotypes ranged from 0.27 to 2.33%. Nucleotide divergence between populations ranged from 0.37 to 0.54%. A dendrogram constructed by UPGMA among 17 haplotypes showed no clustering groups of localities. Nucleotide diversity and nucleon diversity of each locality ranged from 0.0028 to 0.0052, and from 0.7758 to 0.9074, respectively. Distinguishable two stocks by morphological analysis showed significant difference in their haplotype freqencies.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
Kouji Miyauchi, Masahiro Matsumiya, Atsushi Mochizuki2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 275-281
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLysozyme was purified from brackishwater clam Corbicula japonica by sequential procedures with ammonium sulfate fractionation, and CHITOPEARL BASIC BL-01 affinity, Hydroxyapatite, S-Sepharose Fast Flow, and CM-TOYOPEARL 650S column chromatographies. The purified enzyme showed a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and its molecular weight was estimated to be 12, 000 by SDS-PAGE. Optimum pH of the enzyme was 4.8 toward Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells. The optimum temperature was 70°C. The enzyme was stable in the range of pH 3.0-6.8 and 20-90°C, respectively. The specific activity of the enzyme toward M. lysodeikticus cells was 256-fold higher than that of hen egg white lysozyme. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid composition of the enzyme were not similar to those of hen egg white lysozyme, suggesting a genetical difference of both enzymes.View full abstractDownload PDF (906K) -
XingAn Song, Takashi Hirata, Morihiko Sakaguchi2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 282-290
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProximate composition and nitrogenous extractive components in several tissues of four fishes, yellowtail, Japanese flounder, Spanish mackerel and common carp, were analyzed and compared. No significant differences were observed in the amounts of protein and ash between fishes or tissues. Levels of lipids were relatively high in the liver of Spanish mackerel and Japanese flounder and also in the dark muscle of yellowtail, compared with those in the white muscle. IMP was in higher levels in the white muscle of all fishes, while GMP was comparatively abundant in some visceral tissues. The white muscle of yellowtail and Spanish mackerel was rich in histidine; the other tissues contained higher levels of taurine. Among the nitrogenous extractive components, larger amounts of unidentified constituents were found in the viscera than in the muscle tissues. Strength of umami taste calculated from the amounts of IMP, GMP and glutamic acid (Glu) varied from tissue to tissue. There was a tendency that the strength in white muscle depends on levels of the nucleotides but that in visceral tissues on that of Glu. It was suggested that the umami strength is not always stronger in the muscle tissue than that in the visceral tissues.View full abstractDownload PDF (960K) -
Mizue Takeshita, Tooru Ooizumi, Yoshiaki Akahane, Yoichi Abe, Seiichi ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 291-297
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of the two-step heated gel from walleye pollack surimi added with sodium gluconate (Na-gluconate) were investigated in connection with the progress of cross-linking reaction of myosin heavy chain (HC). The salt-ground meats with 2.5% NaCl plus either 8% sorbitol or Na-gluconate were preheated at 25°C or 40°C for various periods and were subsequently heated at 90°C for 30min. There was no difference in the breaking strength of both two-step heated gels thus prepared, while the breaking strain of the gel formed with Na-gluconate was lower than that formed with sorbitol. Accordingly, the two-step heated gel with Na-gluconate was characterized as relatively more hard but not elastic. The same trends were also observed in the two-step heated gels prepared upon addition of Na-gluconate and NaCl by various ratios to adjust the Na+ concentration to 0.43mol/kg. Although the addition of Na-gluconate decreased the progression rate of the cross-linking reaction of HC in the gels during heating, the changes in the characteristics of the two-step heated gels did not depend on the progress of such reaction. The results suggested that the changes in noncovalent interactions between proteins in the gels caused by gluconate ions largely contributed to the gel characteristics.View full abstractDownload PDF (886K) -
Takafumi Ito, Hisashi Murata, Tsuyoshi Oyama, Terutoyo Yoshida, Tadash ...2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 298-299
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Takeshi Kitano, Eiichi Yamamoto, Kazufumi Takamune, ShinIchi Abe2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 300-301
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Hideo Tameishi2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 304-305
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Yasuhiro Ueno, Daiji Kitagawa2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 306
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Takayuki Honma2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 307
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (319K) -
Susumu Namari2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 308
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (327K) -
Masao Nemoto2000 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 309
Published: March 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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