-
Takaki Iwakawa, Takakazu Ozawa
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
3-9
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Stomach contents of silvergray seaperch Malakichthys griseus were examined for 151 specimens (66-178mm SL) collected in Kagoshima Bay. Prey organisms were identified into 22 families belonging to 10 orders. The Calanoida copepods were most speciose and abundant. Sizes of all prey species or genera increased with growth of the fish. In the specimens of 101-120mm SL, which were collected in all seasons, stomach content weight was not statistically different among the four seasons with the exception of lower weight in spring. The dominant prey was benthos followed by zooplankters in spring, while zooplankters dominated in other three seasons. Fish increased in the stomachs with progress of seasons from spring.
View full abstract
-
Yoshio Niiya
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
10-16
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Changes in ovarian development of the wild bullet tuna, which were collected off Cape Ashizuri during the daytime (0500-1500h) at two-hour intervals June 12-14, 1997, were examined to understand its ovarian maturation cycle and batch fecundity. The changes in diameter of the most advanced oocyte group, GSI, and occurrence of egg-ovulation in the ovarian cavity showed that hydration (oocyte maturation) occurred between 1100 and 1300h, ovulation at around 1500h, and thereafter, eggs were spawned. Hydrated ovary collected at 1100h had three clutches of oocytes, their modes of diameter were distributed at around 0.29∿0.3mm, 0.41∿0.42mm, and 0.6-0.81mm, respectively. It was estimated that the oocyte group with 0.29∿0.3mm diameter developed to 0.41∿0.42mm in diameter after 24 hours, and finally reached the maturation stage of 0.6-0.81mm in diameter after 48 hours. The batch fecundity (BF) was calculated from the size of the single clutch of hydrated oocytes, and related to the body weight (RBW) excluding both gonad and stomach content weight as the following formula, BF=222 RBW+672 (r
2=0.2506, n=52).
View full abstract
-
Keijiro Sezaki, Yasuko Kuboshima, Isamu Mitani, Atsushi Fukui, Shugo W ...
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
17-22
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Mitochondrial cytochrome b genes were amplified by PCR using the total DNA as a template from muscle tissues of adult chub mackerel Scomber japonicus and spotted mackerel S. australasicus, and their nucleotide sequences determined. The full length of the cytochrome b gene consisted of 1, 140 nucleotides irrespective of the two species, where 16 species-specific variations were observed. Among various restriction enzymes which recognize the cytochrome b genes from the two fish species, MvaI was specific to the gene of S. japonicus and MboI to that of S. australasicus, with both enzymes producing two fragments. Such species-specific fragmentation patterns were applicable to identification of formalin-fixed pelagic eggs from the two species, which was impossible with morphological characteristics.
View full abstract
-
Minoru Sano, Tetsuo Seki, Michio Omori, Kazuya Taniguchi
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
23-29
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Usefulness of Coded Wire Tag made of stainless steel for the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus (A. Agassiz) was examined by rearing experiments. Tags were inserted in the peripharyngeal cavity of sea urchins. Effects of tagging on the growth and mortality were not found. The lost tags in % for 7 days increased for the first 14 days after tagging, showing size-dependent difference, and thereafter abruptly declined and kept a low value after 21st day, without showing difference among size class. Estimation of the % of lost tags for any time became possible using a regression equation of the accumulated % of lost tags on the elapsed day from the 21st day after tagging.
View full abstract
-
Satoshi Yamamoto, Yoshiharu Matsumiya
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
30-34
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The initial population number of ayu fish at the beginning of the fishing season and catchability coefficient estimated using DeLury's method and the stocking effect was examined in the Chikuma River. The accumulative catch and the CPUE of the Tomozuri angling fishery observed by hourly sighting were used for estimation. Since the number of the released fingerlings was known, the survival rates until the beginning of the fishing season were calculated to be 13.0% in 1997 and 36.9% in 1998. The results showed that DeLury's method was applicable to the assessment of the ayu population.
View full abstract
-
Gunzo Kawamura, Kazuo Nobutoki, Kazuhiko Anraku, Yoshito Tanaka, Masar ...
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
35-39
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In order to investigate the color vision in Octopoda, color discrimination conditioning and transposition tests were done with two octopuses, Octopus aegina and O. vulgaris in tanks. The animals were trained to discriminate by touch between blue (25mm in diameter, reflectance λ
max=460nm) and white or light shaded balls (negative balls) for a food reward. The balls were presented simultaneously in front of a shelter wherein each animal resided. After the completion of the conditioning, the negative balls were substituted with ones of different shades of gray (G1 to G5 in the order of reflectance), and transposition tests were done to examine the possibility of darkness-based discrimination. In the transposition tests, O. aegina showed correct responses at 70-100% to the blue ball irrespective of the shades of grey employed, implying the possession of color vision. O. vulgaris changed the choosing response with the shades of gray employed, indicating the darkness-based choosing and lack of color vision; biased to blue at G1, random at G2, biased to gray at G3 and G4 which were darker than the blue, and biased to blue at G5 which was much darker than the blue.
View full abstract
-
Yuji Hotta, Masato Aritaki, Kengo Ohta, Masatomo Tagawa, Masaru Tanaka
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
40-48
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In 1997 and 1998, spotted halibut Verasper variegatus were experimentally reared from eggs through early juveniles at the Miyako Station of Japan Sea-Farming Association in Iwate Prefecture. The primitive digestive system of V. variegatus differentiated at the C stage at which eyes pigmented and the mouth opened. The gastric gland and pyloric caeca first appeared at the E stage, initiation phase of metamorphosis. The number of gastric glands and the volume of stomach lumen increased markedly as metamorphosis proceeded. Intestinal epithelial cell height increased from the C stage to the F stage, early stage of metamorphosis. Tissue concentrations of cortisol in larvae increased markedly to a peak of 48.7ng/g BW just before initiation of metamorphosis, then decreased during metamorphosis. Thyroxine (T
4) levels increased gradually during the early metamorphic stage, reaching peak levels at metamorphic climax, then declined by approximately 50%. Triiodothyronine (T
3) remained at low levels throughout metamorphosis. Although these hormone patterns in V. variegatus were similar to those in japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, the adult-like digestive system of V. variegatus developed earlier than that of Japanese flounder. This precocity seems to relate to some ecological characteristics, such as settling behavior, in V. variegatus.
View full abstract
-
Tomohiro Miki, Nozomu Daida, Hiroshi Inada, Takuhiro Sakai, Haruyuki K ...
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
49-57
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The flume tank and the field experiments were conducted to clarify the relationship between the body shape of floating hard-lure and the diving behavior in the retrieving process. Experimental lure-bodies were made up of the same rectangular shape (Lb=65mm, Lw=15mm) in the plane view and of different heights (13mm≤Lh≤65mm) of elliptic shape in the side view. Trial lures with the same lip were used in both the experiments at velocities of 40, 60 and 80cm/s in the flow or in the retrieve. Diving depth, attack angle and tension on a towing line of the lure were measured in the tank test. The lure behavior was also recorded by video camera from the top and the side of flume tank. Diving pattern of the lures was investigated with 4 transducers of fish finder within 20m retrieving course in the field experiment. As increasing the ratio of axial length κ=Lh/Lb as a parameter for the elliptic lateral shape of the body, the horizontal vibrating angle β of the lure was enlarged and the diving depth was shallower. It was indicated from these results that the diving behavior of the lure could be controlled by the value of body shape κ.
View full abstract
-
Masato Aritaki, Kengo Ohta, Yuuji Hotta, Masaru Tanaka
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
58-66
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Morphological development and somatic growth were examined for laboratory-reared spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus, from newly-hatched larvae to early stage of juveniles. Nine developmental stages (A-I) were recognized based on morphological characteristics. Newly hatched larvae were measured 3.8-4.2mm in total length (TL), with unpigmented eyes, unopened mouth and anus (stage A). On 25 days after hatching (DAH), notochord flexion began at 9.4-10.5mm TL (stage E), and was completed at 10.7-14.1mm TL on 30 DHA (stage F). The migration of the left eye over the dorsal median line from a symmetrical position occurred at 13.8mm TL on 35 DAH (stage G), and was completely translocated to one side at 16.1mm TL on 50 DAH (stage I). Pigmentation of melanophores on the body and fins became prominent as larval development proceeded, being densely distributed on whole body at stage H. A few posterior and anterior preopercular spins appeared at 8.4mm TL and disappeared at 18.0mm TL. The flexion points in the relative growth of body parts were located at the stages of mouth opening, initiation of notochord flexion at early and mid phases of metamorphosis. When compared with related species barfine flounder V. moseri, distribution of melanopores exclusive of stages D and H, and TLs at stages D to G, and proportions of some body parts were different, though general developmental pattern and morphological characteristics were similar.
View full abstract
-
Yasuji Kanno, Yuji Ueda, Takashi Matsuishi
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
67-77
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Density of the fish shoal and vertebral counts of Pacific cod at various locations in the Sea of Japan and in the Pacific Ocean off the Tohoku District, and in the Pacific Ocean off Hokkaido were studied. Off the Pacific coast, there were three high density areas of fish shoal, i. e., the waters off Sanriku in the Tohoku district, the waters off Cape Esan and the waters off Kushiro in Hokkaido. In the Sea of Japan, there were two high density areas of fish shoal, i. e., the waters off Aomori and Akita prefectures and the waters off Yamagata prefecture. In addition, factor analysis of the monthly catch per seine net showed that the fish in the eastern waters off Cape Erimo, those in the western waters off Cape Erimo, and those in the waters off Sanriku each have peculiar trends of change in the CPUE (catch/net) among monthly catches. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of the vertebral counts showed that the Pacific cod from the eastern waters off Cape Erimo had significantly higher vertebral counts than the Pacific cod in other areas. The results of the present research and the information on spawning grounds previously reported, suggest that there are three subpopulations of Pacific cod in the present research area in the Pacific Ocean, i. e., a subpopulation in the eastern waters off Cape Erimo, a subpopulation off Cape Esan and a subpopulation off Sanriku District. Further studies are needed to determine the locations of subpopulations of this species in the Sea of Japan.
View full abstract
-
Akiko Taniguchi, Katsumi Takano, Ikuzo Kamoi
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
78-84
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Lipase of the intestine of Tilapia nilotica was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-cellulose), chromatofocusing (Polyexchanger PBE 94), and gel filtration (Sephadex G-100). The lipase was found to be a single band when examined by electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 177 times higher than that of the crude extract. The lipase had a molecular weight of 46, 000, showed the highest activity at pH7.5 and 35°C, and was stable at pH6.5-8.5 and below 40°C. The Km of the enzyme for olive oil was calculated to be 0.7mM. Its activity was inhibited by Cu
2+, Cd
2+, Ni
2+, Hg
2+, PCMB, and CH
2ICOOH. This enzyme specifically digested Tributyrin and Tricaproin, whereas it digested 1, 2-diolein and 1-monoolein more than 1, 3-diolein and 2-monoolein. The enzyme well decomposed soybean oil and coconut oil.
View full abstract
-
Chiaki Imada, Shinichiro Nishimoto, Saburo Hara
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
85-89
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The effect of crude protease inhibitors of marine bacterial origin on the formation of gels from various fishes such as krile, sardine and squid meat paste (surimi) was investigated. Among them, crude protease from sardine was strongly inhibited followed by krile whereas no inhibition was observed in squid. Various naturally occurring protease inhibitors were mixed with bacterial ones and the inhibitory effect on the crude protease from sardine was also determined. The most effective one was leupeptin from terrestrial actinomycete. The crude inhibitors of microbial origin were frantionated by DEAE-cellulofine column chromatography, resulting in two active franctions. The fraction eluted first, marinostatin (simple peptide), had an inhibitory activity against serine protease whereas the second one, monastatin (glycoprotein), had an inhibitory activity against cysteine protease. The inhibitory effect of these inhibitors on the formation of gel was performed. The elasticity and jelly strength of gel from sardine surimi was effective in the presence of monastatin whereas no such effect was observed in the presence of marinostatin, suggesting that the former one might be applicable to cooked fish meat gel (Kamaboko).
View full abstract
-
Satoshi Kanoh, Mayumi Aoyama, Mie Watanabe, Maki Mae, Keiji Takagi, Ke ...
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
90-95
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The utilization of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata glycogen as a cosmetic material was examined, taking the cell proliferation rate, collagen synthetic ability, and recovery from ultraviolet damage for normal human dermal fibroblasts NHDF (NB) and epidermal keratinocytes NHEK (B) as parameters. The cell proliferation rate and collagen synthetic ability were increased by 11-13% and 29-61%, respectively, when crude glycogen from the pearl oyster was supplied to the culture medium for fibroblasts at concentrations of 0.01-0.2%. When β-particles prepared from the pearl oyster crude glycogen were added to the culture medium for fibroblasts at a concentration of 0.1%, the cell proliferation rate and collagen synthetic ability increased by 15% and 38%, respectively. In addition, the recovery from ultraviolet damage for epidermal keratinocytes was increased by 15-21%, when the crude glycogen from the pearl oyster was added at concentrations of 0.05-0.25% to the culture medium. These results suggest that the crude glycogen from pearl oyster is a promising candidate as a cosmetic material.
View full abstract
-
Akiko Taniguchi, Katsumi Takano, Ikuzo Kamoi
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
96-101
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Lipase of the stomach of Tilapia nilotica was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by chromatofocusing (Polyexchanger PBE 94), and gel filtration (Sephadex G-100). The lipase was found to be a single band when examined by electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 19 times higher than that of the crude extract. The lipase had a molecular weight of 54, 000, showed the optimum activity at pH6.5 and 40°C, and was stable at pH5.0-7.0 and below 50°C. The Km of the enzyme for olive oil was calculated to be 0.6mM. Its activity was inhibited by Cu
2+, Cd
2+, Pb
2+, Hg
2+, Ni
2+, PCMB, and EDTA. This enzyme hydrolyzed triacylglycerol more than diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol. The enzyme hydrolyzed soybean oil well.
View full abstract
-
Hiroshi Nishida, Tokio Wada, Yoshioki Oozeki, Keijiro Sezaki, Mami Sai ...
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
102-104
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tomoyuki Nakamura, Takashi Maruyama, Seiichi Watanabe
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
105-107
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kiyotaka Hatooka
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
109-110
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Noritaka Mochioka
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
111-112
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yasunobu Nabeshima
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
113-114
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tomoko Utoh
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
115-116
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Katsumi Tsukamoto
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
117-118
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Mitsuhiro Saeki
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
119-120
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Takamichi Shimizu
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
121-122
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Minoru Tanda
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
123-124
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Muneharu Tokimura
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
125-126
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Chang Doo Park
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
127-128
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tadashi Tokai
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
129-130
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Takeshi Yamane
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
132-133
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Seiji Akiyama, Takafumi Arimoto
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
134-135
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Eiichi Hasegawa
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
136-137
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yasuzumi Fujimori
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
138-139
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kaoru Fujita, Yoshiki Matsushita
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
140-141
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tomonori Hiraishi
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
142
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yoichiro Ueno
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
144-145
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Hiroshi Inada
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
146-147
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tatsuro Matsuoka
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
148-149
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Nariharu Yamashita
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
150-151
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kazuhiko Anraku
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
152-153
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Takahito Kojima
2001 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages
154-155
Published: January 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS