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Volume 21, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Studies on Separation of Boron in Bittern (4)Toshiharu MURAKAMI, Yoshio ISHIHARA1967 Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 2-6
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous report, a study was made on the extraction of boron adsorbed inferric hydroxide by using the solution of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.
In this report, an investigation was conducted on the separation of boron in the extracted solutions by means of the bathwise operation of ion exchange.
The mixture of a cation exchanger, Amberlite IR-120 and an anion exchanger, Amberlite IR-45 was used for the removal of ions excluding boron. After the filtration, a proper quantity of a strong base anion exchanger, Amberlite IRA-400 was applied for the adsorption of boron and traces of other anions.
The recovery of boron to the strong base anion exchanger was found to be about 92%.View full abstractDownload PDF (9488K) -
Toshiharu MURAKAMI, Katsuya UESUGI1967 Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous report, lithium contained in both sea water and bittern was determined, thereby having confirmed that the lithium contained in sea water was almost concentrated into bittern.
In this study, the content of lithium in the concentrated bittern samples was estimated to be 10.8-12.1mg/l, while the lithium contained in the mother liquor of basic magnesium carbonate manufactured from bittern by sodium carbonate method was estimated to be 1.84mg/l.
The mother liquor of basic magnesium carbonate was evaporated at 75-80°C under the condition of pH6 until the most portion of byproduced salt was precipited. Using the components of the filtrate as reference, artificially concentrated solution was prepared for the purpose of the continuous evaporation.
One of these continuous evaporations was conducted after the removal of magnesium as magnesium hydroxide. As the result, the over-all recovery of lithium from the mother liquor was 68.2%, and lithium content in the last remaining solution (Table 8) amounted to 95mg/l.View full abstractDownload PDF (10180K) -
Nagaaki TAKEMOTO1967 Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 11-14
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Schlieren-diagonal method which has been used in electrophoresis and diffusion studies was applied for studies on diffusion layer in electrodialysis with ion-exchange membranes. The diffusion layer is closely related to phenomena of neutrality disturbance, permselectivity and scale deposition which are important in the electrodialysis. Apparatus was modified to fit the electrodialysis system mainly as to settlings of the 1st. slit and of the cylindrical lens. The electrodialysis cell was devised to let surfaces of ion-exchange membranes expose so that whole of diffusion layers on them may be located in light beam and can be observed. Photographs with this apparatus was taken and they clearly indicated formation of diffusion layers on both concentrating surfaces of anion- and cation-exchange membranes. A photograph indicated formation of more dilute layers at nearer sides of the layers mentioned above on both surfaces of membranes when the current applied was suddenly reversed.View full abstractDownload PDF (8578K) -
Nagaaki TAKEMOTO, Toshio HASHIMOTO, Tamiko SHIMADA1967 Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 15-22
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS“Calcium chloride solution” is produced from bittern, by adding CaCl2and Ca(OH)2solution to bittern and separating gypsum and magnesium hydroxide, respectively. It is about 16% in concentration and contains about 1/10 (equivalent ratio) of potassium ion. Separation and concentration of potassium ion from “calcium chloride solution” by electrodialysis with ion exchange membranes was examined. Selective permeability of calcium- to potassium-ion (TCaK) in such a solution with high grade of concentration and special chemical composition as “calcium chloride solution” was determined at various conditions.
Potassium ion shows usually preferential permeability to calcium ion in cation exchange membrane. TCaKwas determined to be about 0.33 for ordinary membrane and to be about 0.07 for permselective membrane on univalent ions at the optimum condition; current density 1.0A/dm2and temperature 25°C. For both sorts of membrane, values of TCaKbecome greater by increasing current density and by both elevating and descending temperature.
Compositions of desalted and concentrated solutions were determinedfor several degrees of concentration by calculation and experiment. Calculations were made assuming selective permeability mentioned above to be 0.1. Experiments were carried out with an equiprment having 9cm2of effective membrane area. Experimental values were appreciably different from calculated ones, owing chiefly to superior permselectivity of membranes and the migration of water accompanying electrodialysis.
Degree of desalting affected on the change of composition of solutions rather seriously. Potassium ion content in concentrated solution was smaller when degree of desalting was greater. Flow rate of the solution in desalting compartments might also affect on the composition of solutions.View full abstractDownload PDF (16644K) -
[in Japanese]1967 Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 23-29
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (16366K)
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