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Volume 31, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Tsutomu SUGETA, Shigeki TOYAMA, Masahito SATO, Fumikazu IKAZAKI1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOptimum calculation of a desalting multistage flash evaporator was revised to cope with a rise in energy cost.
In a desalting-power dual purpose plant, the steam cost is decreased with fall of the steam temperature supplying to the desalting plant. In consideration to the relationship, a series of optimum calculation was made and clarified followings.
(1) When the energy cost is rised at a large extent, the water cost can not be reduced by falling the steam temperature as far as steam is supplied from the power plant.
(2) The tendency that the pumping cost is not remarkably increased with the fall of the maximum brine temperature suggests a feasibility of utilizing waste heat if the heat is supplied without any expense.
(3) Optimum calculation of a normal multistage flash evaporator can not be directly extrapolated to a low temperature design, as it was done in this study since there is a essential difference in the process and the construction. Hence, the necessity of a conceptual design is pointed out.
(4) To practice such a desalting evaporator as to utilize waste heat, the non-equilibrium temperature difference of flashing brine has to be minimized because the temperature difference is quite sensitive to the performance of the plant.View full abstractDownload PDF (3994K) -
Studies on the Extraction of Uranium from Sea Water by the Composite Adsorbent (V)Shunsaku KATOH, Kazuhiko SUGASAKA, Ayako FUJII, Norio TAKAGI, Yoshitak ...1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of hydrolysis temperature of aluminium chloride on the properties of the products was studied to clear the uranium adsorptivity of the composite adsorbent (C-Al-OH).
The aluminium hydroxide prepared at low temperature indicated a X-ray diffraction pattern of byerite. The X-ray diffraction intensity of byerite decreased and the intensity of pseudo-boehmite increased with increasing the hydrolysis temperature. Several adsorbents which were crystalline revealed low adsorptive capacity for uranium.
The adsorptive capacity of the aluminium hydroxide for uranium was closely proportional to the surface area and the alkaline consumption, but was not related to the pore size distribution. On the other hand, the adsorptive capacity of the composite adsorbent was related to the volume of pores larger than 100Å in radius.View full abstractDownload PDF (3593K) -
Yasuaki KOZAI, Kenji MINAMI1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 12-15
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBecause concentrated bittern from an ion exchange membrane process contains calcium chloride in addition to magnesium chloride as the principal ingredient, the procedure usually applied to concentrated bittern from the conventional process, namely evaporation concentration at atmospheric pressure in liquid state to form flakes or fine grains, cannot be applied to concentrated bittern from the membrane process.
Thus, for the purpose of finding a way out of such difficulties, viscosities (CP) of MgCl2-H2O, CaCl2-H2O, MgCl2-CaCl2-H2O as well as of solutions having compositions corresponding to the above two concentrated bitterns were measured in the course of their evaporation concentration, in this study, As the results, it was found that the presence of KCl in a certain concentration range was effective for the purpose. For instance, by adding 3-5% KCl to an aqueous solution containing 20% MgCl2 and 7-9% CaCl2, comparable to concentrated bittern of the membrane process in composition, it was found that at the concentration temperature of 158°C, CP was about 20 after evaporation concentration and the finished products remained in liquid state, similarly to the case of concentrated bittern from the conventional process.View full abstractDownload PDF (2681K) -
Norio TAKEUCHI, Totaro GOTO1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 16-19
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is the purpose of this study to obtain useful data for a recovery process of bromine from a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride which is a by-product of desalting process of sea water. A simple and handy equipment was devised to measure a gas-liquid equilibria of halogen molecule in the sodium chloride aqueous solutions containing bromine.
Equilibria of halogen molecule in the 4.5N sodium chloride aqueous solution were measured at 10-40°C, adding bromine. It was found that halogen molecule acts on the Henry's rule less than 1.8×10-4 of mole fraction in the solutions. Henry's constants were as follows: 15.8 at 10°C, 20.9 at 20°C, 29.7 at 30°C and 42.2 at 40°C in atm/mole fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (2593K) -
Toshihiro MAEDA, Tsutomu HIRANO1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 20-30
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7676K) -
Part 1 Water Situation, Administration of Water Affairs and Exploitation of Water ResourcesOsamu MIYATAKE1977 Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 31-39
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7185K)
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