Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan

Chemical Characteristics in Coastwise Waters of Japan

Shunya ISO, Masahide INUI

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 117-127
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.117

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In order to provide reference data for an appropriate location of seawater utilization facilities as well as for environmental assessment, the authors conducted in the past 4 years investigations on the quality of seawater in the coastal regions of Japan and made the quality of water clear in each sea region, obtaining the following results:
(1) In the Pacific coasts in the Hokkaido and Tohoku districts which are under the influence of the Oyashio Current, chlorinity is about 18% and both nutrients contents and chlorophyll are relatively high, and transparency is low.
(2) In the bay regions, chlorinity is showing a very large seasonal fluctuation by the effect of land water. Also, in these sea regions, there is a marked trend of eutrophication, and COD is over 1 ppm, with very low transparency.
(3) In the Seto Inland Sea, there are regional differences in the quality of seawater, and the progress of eutrophication is seen in the center of the inland sea. Also, the seawater shows an open-sea character as it approaches the Bungo Channel.
(4) In the west coast of Kyushu under the influence of the Tsushima Current, chlorinity is about 19%0 and its seasonal fluctuation is small. This sea region is in a state of oligotrophication and contains low chlorophyll.
(5) In the west coast of the Japan Sea, chlorinity is high,i. e., about 19%0, and nutrient contents have a tendency of increasing in winter. Also, transparency is very high,i. e., 15 meters or more.

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Investigation of Deposit on Heat Exchange Tubes in Desalination Plants and Its Removal by Sponge Ball Cleaning

Toshimi MUKUSHI, Sankichi TAKAHASHI, Kenkichi IZUMI

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 128-140
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.128

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he author studied application of the sponge ball cleaning method to scale prevention for heat exchange tube surfaces in the flash evaporators by using the fundamental test apparatus.
As the results of tests, they clarified followings:
(1) In applying any scale prevention method, removal of sludge on heat exchange tube surfaces is indispensable
(2) The sponge ball cleaning method could become one of effective scale prevention methods for the flash evaporators.
(3) A, surface of heat exchange tubes is not given any damage by the sponge ball cleaning.

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Studies on Some Influential Factors of the Zinc-activated Carbon Composite Adsorbent on Adsorptivity for Uranium

Studies on the Extraction of Uranium from Sea Water by the Composite Adsorbent (Part 8)

Yoshitaka MIYAI, Takao KITAMURA, Norio TAKAGI, Shunsaku KATOH, Hidetos ...

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 141-149
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.141

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Factors, which influence the uranium adsorption of powdery composite adsorbent of basic zinc: carbonate and activated carbon were studied. In the range studied, zinc content of the adsorbent was the most influential factor on the uranium adsorption, and the second influential factor was sea water volume and the third factor was adsorption period. Interactive effects were observed between zinc content and sea water volume, and between zinc content and adsorption period, and.it was deduced that there existed the optimum value of sea water volume and adsorption period. respectively for the zinc content of the adsorbent. Maximum uranium adsorption of adsorbent with 40% zinc content was observed at sea water volume of 15 liters and adsorption period of 25 hrs. As for temperature in the range of 15-35°C, the lower the temperature, the larger amount of adsorbed uranium was.
The powdery adsorbent was made into granule, and its strength and its uranium adsorptivitywere studied in relation to the granulating conditions. By use of PVA with degree of polymeriza-tion above 1,700 as binder, the granular adsorbent with the same strength as commercial granular activated carbon was obtained. PVA amount and its degree of polymerization gave only small effect on uranium adsorption of the adsorbent. Effect of granule size on the uranium adsorption rate in the range of 1-4mm was that the uranium adsorption rate changed proportionally to sur-face area of assumed sphere.
As a test for practical use, five times repetitions of adsorption and desorption were carried out. on the same granular adsorbent. During the repetition the amount of adsorbed uranium rather increased, and desorption ratio of adsorbed uranium was constant at 91-93%. The weight loss of the adsorbent in a cycle of adsorption and desorption was about 3%.

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Chemical Analysis of Trace Elements in Seawater

Tsunenobu SHIGEMATSU

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 150-157
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.150

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Characteristics of New PBIL Reverse Osmosis Membrane

Seiichi YOKOYAMA

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 158-166
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.158

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The Eleventh Joint Panel Meeting of The Desalting of Sea Water and Utilization of By-products U. S.-Japan Conference on Development and Utilization of Natural Resources

Totaro GOTO

1978 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 167-168
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.32.167

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