Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan
Online ISSN : 2185-9213
Print ISSN : 0369-4550
ISSN-L : 0369-4550
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Volume 54, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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  • Role of Forest to The Sea
    Katsuhiko MATSUNAGA
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 3-6
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.3
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Recent Topics on Marine Anti-fouling Coatings
    Yoichi YONEHARA
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 7-12
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.7
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Industrial Crystallization and Crystallization Technology in Salt Manufactory
    Ken TOYOKURA
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.13
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Development of Fiber-optic Sensor for Continuous Monitor of Carbon Dioxide Dissolved in Sea Water
    Masao SUDOH, Yoshihisa ICHIKAWA, Eiji INAMI, IRVAN, Keiichi OKAJIMA, ...
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 21-29
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.21
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A fiber-optic sensor has been developed to monitor carbon dioxide dissolved in sea water. The sensor consists of optical fibers, a gas permeable membrane and a fluorescence indicator solution. The fluorescence indicator was 1-Hydroxypyrene-3, 6, 8-Trisulfonic Acid Trisodium Salt (HPTS). As carbon dioxide diffuses through the gas permeable membrane (the hydrophobic membrane), it causes a pH change in the solution that results in a fluorescence change from the deprotonated form (PTS4-) of HPTS. A theoretical calculation of the characteristic evaluation of HPTS showed that the sensitivity was optimum at pH 6.5-8.0. Therefore, the sensitivity could be increased by adjusting the pH of the indicator solution in this range in the measuring range of carbon dioxide. The solution has no dependence on pH when the concentration of the fluorescent material was more than 5 ×10-4 kmol m-3, because the excitation light was attenuated. The fluorescence intensity change for the carbon dioxide concentration-change (0-600 ppmv) was detected by CCD detector. The response time of the sensor when the concentration of carbon dioxide was shifted from 0 to 100 ppmv was longer than that when the concentration was shifted from 100 to 200 or more ppmv. Tubular membrane and flat membrane types of probes were used. The response time was affected by the membrane thickness, the diffusion length of carbon dioxide in the indicator solution. It was possible to shorten the response time of the probe by using PTFE membrane (pore diameter: 1.0μm, thickness: 85μm), and this response time was 10 min when the concentration of carbon dioxide changes by 100 ppmv at concentrations above 200 ppmv.
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  • Development of Multi-effect Membrane Solar Distillator
    Kazuo MURASE, Sumito KOMIYAMA, Atsushi IKEYA, Yuichirou FURUKAWA
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 30-36
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.30
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    Characteristics of a new roof-type solar membrane distillator for use in desert afforestation, providing drinking water, and integrating with solar cells were experimentally and numerically analyzed. Brine is circulated from under the condenser into the collector in either a counter or parallel direction. This circulation supplies two effects: preheating by latent heat and heat conduction from the collector, and cooling the vapor condenser plate. The parallel direction has several merits in that it provides stable, uniform brine feed and prevents flow problems such as drying and scaling. Results show that 1) the distillate output to increased to 3.9 times maximum compared to a single membrane distillator. 2) Distillate per day amounts to 1.1 kg/(m2·d) at the radiation intensity 2.8 kW/(m2·d) in Tokyo. 3) The productive efficiency was attained in a range from 18% to 32%. The simulation model reveals that productivity has no relation to brine feed temperature and flow rate.
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  • Hot Sea Water Desalination utilizing Excess Waste Energy
    Hiromitsu TAKABA, Shin-ichi NAKAO
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 37-44
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.37
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    In this paper, a novelh ot seaw ater desalinationp rocessi s proposeda nd the advantageso f the processa re discussed. The performance of a reverse osmosis membrane used with hot sea water is estimated using a polarization model and non-equilibriump ermeationt heory. It was found that the permeanceb ecomest wice that observed in a conventional process, which means that the needed membrane area is less than half. The energy performanceo f the membranem odulei s also calculated.T he needede nergye xcludingth e energyf or warmingt he feed is about 60% of that needed for a conventional process. The model simulation of utilizing waste energy from a garbagef urnace is presented.O ur proposedp rocessi s found to be advantageouse conomicallya s well as in terms of the sizes of membrane modules.
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  • Salt and Health (2)
    Does Salt Restriction Have Any Antihypertensive Effects? and Can Everyone Restrict Salt Intake without Deleterious Risks?
    Toshio HASHIMOTO
    2000 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 45-53
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.54.45
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