Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan
Online ISSN : 2185-9213
Print ISSN : 0369-4550
ISSN-L : 0369-4550
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Volume 66, Issue 4
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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The 63th Annual Meeting
Preface
Special Issue : “Seawater and Biofilms”
Ibtroduction
Commentary
Review
  • Biofilm Formation and Carbon Steel Corrosion
    Yasunori TANJI
    2012 Volume 66 Issue 4 Pages 203-208
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj.66.203
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    When a metal specimen is exposed to water, microbes present in the water start adhering to its surface. Initially, these bacteria may adhere nonspecifically to the surface via extracellular polymers, and continuous production of these polymers enhances the adhesion of other bacteria. The continuation of this process leads to the development of a thick biofilm in which large number of cells ar e embedded. Local environmental variations within the biofilm favor the growth of organisms in a particular microfiches, or anaerobic and aerobic environments. Oxygen consumption by aerobic bacteria living on the surface of the biofilm leads to the creation of an anaerobic space for the growth of anaerobic bacteria, such as sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) occurs as a consequence of biofilm formation, which leads to the formation of oxygen concentration gradients and differential aeration cells on the metal surface.
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Commentary
Original Paper
  • Performance of Multiple-effect Diffusion Still for Seawater Concentration
    ―A still tilted and cooled by natural-convection evaporation on its surface―
    Takehiro NOSOKO, Satoru GIMA, Hisashi MINAKUCHI, Shoichi MATSUDA
    2012 Volume 66 Issue 4 Pages 221-228
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj.66.221
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A multiple-effect diffusion still was theoretically analyzed with a one-dimensional steady-state model. The still was tilted, and heated on the bottom and cooled on the top by natural-convection evaporation. The findings are summarized as; (1) The total evaporation rate, Uv has a peak at 5 effects and then gradually decreases with an increasing number of effects, n. The coefficient of performance, COP increases rapidly at first and then gradually with an increasing n. (2) The evaporative cooling enhanced by forced convection causes small increases in Uv, and little changes in COP. (3) Seawater heated beforehand causes great increases in COP, and small changes in Uv. (4) The COP increases rapidly at first and then gradually with an increasing concentration of the effluent seawater. (5) An decrease in temperature of the still's bottom causes a great increase in COP, accompanied with a drastic decrease in Uv. (6) The pre-heating of seawater, the increase in the effluent concentration and the decrease in the bottom temperature cause decreases in heat for seawater temperature rise in the still, resulting in the increases in COP.
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Letter from Research Committees
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