TANSO

Preparation of Activated Carbon Pellets without Binder and Their Methane Adsorption Propertie

Kazuhiro Kanazawa, Kiyoto Inomata, Yasuhiko Urabe, Hideyuki Hosono, To ...

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 1-8
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.1

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Activated carbon pellets were prepared from cellulose microcrystals without binder. The column form of activated carbon pellets was maintained after heat treatment by use of compressed cellulose microcrystals. The bulk density of the activated carbon pellets increased with increasing compression pressure of the raw materials. On the other hand the total pore volume decreased.
The bulk density of the activated carbon pellets is 2.5 times greater than that of activated carbon powder under the same sintering conditions. The amount of methane adsorption at 30°C is 82 mg/g at 0.86MPa. The total methane storage efficiency of adsorbed gas is 280 cm³ in 1 cm³ volume of the activated carbon pellet prepared in this work, being 1.7 times higher than that of the methane compressed at 13.0 MPa.

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Applications of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofilaments as Electrodes of Electrochemical Supercapacitors, Effect of Chemical Oxidation

Laurent Duclaux, Yasushi Soneda, Mitsunori Makino

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 9-13
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.9

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Carbon nanofilaments obtained by the catalytic decomposition of CO and carbon deposit containing large amount of SWNTs (Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) obtained by electric-arc discharge were used as electrodes of electrochemical capacitors with 6M KOH electrolyte. The specific capacitance was estimated by cyclic voltammetry measurements and impedance spectroscopy. Acidic oxidizing treatment of nanofilaments with concentrated HNO₃, mixture of H₂SO₄/HNO₃, and fuming HNO₃ allow to increase ten times the specific capacitance to reach 80 F/g. This result is attributed to both textural and structural modifications by acid treatment and the development of oxygenated surface functional group enhancing the pseudocapacitance. The capacitive property of the electric-arc discharge carbon deposit (18 F/g) is attributed mainly to SWNTs bundles. Acid treatments enable to enhance slightly their specific capacitances (30 F/g).

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Effect of VGCF Addition into the Carbon Electrode for Electric Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC)

Toshikazu Takeda, Risa Takahata, Yong Jung Kim, Kenji Koshiba, Kiyohir ...

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 14-18
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.14

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The most interesting factor in commercial EDLC has been considered as theresistance of the entire cell unit, especially for use at higher out-putcurren density. In order to reduce the resistance of the EDLC cell, the sheet type electrode has been prepared by adding the vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) a a conductive additive. The cell performances were evaluated by comparing with tha included the carbon black (CB). Equivalent series resistance, ESR, of electrod and internal resistance for VGCFs-added sheet samples were greatly reduced, in th range of 20 % and 50 % less, as compared with those of carbon black. The tests fo the cycle life and life time properties showed that it is also effective for theimprovement of cyclic performances, life time as compared with that of CB base samples. The present results will be effective to design the electrode ofpractica EDLC cell for especially high power use.

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Synthesis of Ternary Cesium-Acrylonitrile-Graphite Intercalation Compound

Takayuki Yoshioka, Rika Matsumoto, Yoichi Takahashi, Noboru Akuzawa

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 19-21
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.19

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The sorption isotherm and the desorption behavior of acrylonitrile (AN) into CsC₂₄at 300K were investigated. The maximum amounts of acrylonitrile sorbed, AN/Cs, was 1.2-1.4, and the sorption-desorption process was irreversible.
The stage structure of the resulting ternary compound, after exposure to air, was determined by X-ray diffraction and Raman shift measurements and was confirmed to be mainly ternary stage-2 structure with Ic=1.00 nm. The change of XRD patterns of the compound with time was not so significant, while the electricalconductivit decreased rapidly. The heat-treatment of the sample gave little effect for thestabilization of the ternary compound.

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Synthesis of All-carbon Chains and Nanoparticles by Chemical Transformation of Halogenated Hydrocarbons at Low Temperatures

Ladislav Kavan

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 22-38
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.22

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The paper reviews synthetic procedures towards carbonaceous materials via chemical dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbons, which take place at mild temperatures and pressures. Special attention is being paid to a preparation of unusual carbon structures, viz. sp-bonded all-carbon chains (carbyne-like materials), fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. This article upgrades previous reviews on this subject, published in 1997. Among the most interesting recent outputs, we may quote the preparation of fullerene C₆₀ and multiwalled carbon nanotubes by simple chemical reactions occurring at ambient conditions.

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Acceptance Test of Graphite Components in Nuclear Reactor

Masahiro Ishihara, Satoshi Hanawa, Tatsuo Iyoku, Shusaku Shiozawa

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 39-48
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.39

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The HTTR is the first high temperature gas-cooled reactor in Japan. It is a test reactor with thermal power of 30 MW and coolant outlet temperature of 950°C at maximum. To achieve high temperature coolant core internals were made of graphite and carbon materials due to their excellent thermal resistivity. After fabrication of graphite and carbon components at works they were installed in the HTTR, and now it is in the power up testing stage. Concerning the inspection standard of the graphite and carbon components, no domestic standard exists as main components in the nuclear reactor. It is necessary, therefore, to prescribe the inspection standards for the HTTR graphite components. Many research and developments in relation to the inspection standard, e.g. in the research field of nondestructive examination of the graphite material, had been performed, and then the JAERI established the inspection standard. The acceptance test of the graphite and carbon components was carried out based on the inspection standard. This paper prescribes the outline of the established inspection standard.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 51-53
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.51

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

2001 Volume 2001 Issue 196 Pages 54-56
Published: February 26, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2001.54

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