炭素
Online ISSN : 1884-5495
Print ISSN : 0371-5345
ISSN-L : 0371-5345
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2009 巻, 237 号
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論文
  • Electron microscopic studies on disintegration of core/shell polymer structure during heat treatment process in carbon nanotube preparation by polymer blend technique
    Terukazu Sandou, Asao Oya, Chiemi Ida, Noriko Yoshizawa, Jun-ichi Ozak ...
    原稿種別: Research Papers
    2009 年 2009 巻 237 号 p. 57-60
    発行日: 2009/04/01
    公開日: 2010/11/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2009.57
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The polymer blend technique has been revealed to give a poor yield in the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by spinning three-layered core/shell polymer particles having different thermal decomposition properties. In order to elucidate the reason for the low yields obtained by this method, we carried out the present study on employing three-layered core/shell particles, (core) PMMA / PAN-PMAA / PMMA (shell), with electron microscopic techniques. The core/shell structure was not disintegrated by the stabilization and carbonization processes. The influences of the copolymer composition of the carbon precursor polymer (CPP), PAN-PMAA, on the deformation of the core/shell structures were studied. When the concentration of PMAA in the PAN-PMAA copolymer is 3 mol%, the core/shell structure was retained, but when the concentration of PMAA was increased to 7.5 mol%, the core/shell structure disintegrated. By using a copolymer with 4 mol% PMAA, a hollow cigar-like nanostructured carbon was formed; this can be considered to be an indication for the formation of a CNT. Thus, the copolymer composition was found to be an important parameter for the preparation of CNTs by the polymer blend technique. The results obtained in this study indicated the possibility of obtaining CNTs by properly tuning the copolymer composition of the CPP.
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  • 活性炭による重金属イオン吸着に及ぼす溶液のpHおよび共存電解質の影響
    吉原 和矢, 相川 正美, 町田 基
    原稿種別: 論文
    2009 年 2009 巻 237 号 p. 61-66
    発行日: 2009/04/01
    公開日: 2010/11/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2009.61
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The adsorption of cadmium and zinc ions, IIb family heavy metals, from aqueous solutions onto the two activated carbons of different surface nature, one with acidic functional groups prepared by 95°C concentrated nitric acid oxidation (oxidized carbon) and the other with no acidic functional group treated at 1000°C in helium flow (out-gassed carbon), was investigated to clarify the influence of background electrolyte on the adsorption performance. The cadmium uptake onto oxidized carbon was found to be decreased under the coexistence of NaCl, because Na+ occupied adsorption sites for cadmium. For the out-gassed carbon, the cadmium uptake was increased at low pH due to the formation of complex anions of CdCl3− and CdCl42−, but zinc uptake was not changed any PH, because chloride anions could not make complex with zinc ions. Under the coexistence of NaNO3, the increase in cadmium uptake to the out-gassed carbon was not observed because the complex is no longer formed with nitrate anions for cadmium. At simultaneous adsorption of cadmium and zinc ions to the outgassed carbon under the coexistence of NaCl, only cadmium could be adsorbed at low pH as expected. The results suggest that the separation of these IIb family ions may be achieved using out-gassed carbon.
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解説
  • 昇温脱離法を利用した炭素材料の表面構造解析
    高木 英行
    原稿種別: 解説
    2009 年 2009 巻 237 号 p. 67-71
    発行日: 2009/04/01
    公開日: 2010/11/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2009.67
    ジャーナル 認証あり
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    Temperature-progremmed desorption (TPD) method is useful for analyzing the surface structure, that is, oxygen-containing functional groups of carbon materials. This review introduced the analysis of the activated carbon fiber sample by TPD method, and discussed the change in the functional groups caused by the oxidation treatment and the relationship with the porosity parameters estimated from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm. In addition, the structure of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) samples treated with nitric acid and then heated in either an inert gas or a hydrogen flow were evaluated by TPD method. Subsequent heat treatment of the acid-treated SWCNT sample is effective for the increase in the nitrogen or hydrogen adsorption due to the removal of the functional groups introduced by the acid treatment, and a hydrogen flow was more effective than an inert gas flow.
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