GIS-理論と応用

GISによる再配列した数値標高データを用いた河道次数解析に関する検討

戎信宏, 古川智広, 丸谷知己

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_1

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The stream network analysis is used to quantify the geomorphological properties of the mountainous basin and examine the relationship between sediment delivery and geomorphological parameters in catchments. It was examined to analyze the stream network by using 50m-DEM data on GIS at a study area of Yudagiri River. The results are as follows. The channel network made from 12m-DEM which was resampled by 50m-DEM on GIS was the closest to that by manual operation. The relative error of stream order analysis indicated the value of 25.5% at the maximum. Moreover, the maximum relative error of DEM(C-DEM) made from the contour line in 1/25, 000 maps is 11.5% smaller than that of the resampled 50m-DEM.

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小地域集計データによる地域クラスタリングにおける幾何学的制約とパラメータ推定の安定性の関係について

阪田知彦, 吉川徹

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 9-17
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_9

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This study is a basic research towards a proposal of regional clustering methods for analyzing regional data which is totaled per geometrical irregular shapes. To this end, this paper analyzed the relations between stability of distribution parameter estimation and geometrical restriction in regional clustering in the case of numbers of business use buildings by floorage in the center of Tokyo Wards. First, we proposed two methods of regional clustering with Akaike Information Criterion; one considers the maximum length of the common edge of two polygons; the other considers their maximum area. Second, based on the two methods and the usual method, we composed the suitable polygons from 402 units within CHUO-KU using the number of buildings by floorage scaling estimated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government GIS data. Third, we compared the stability of parameter estimation of the three unit patterns.

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静岡県中伊豆町における土地利用変化と斜面傾斜を考慮した土壌酸性推定図の作成

岩崎亘典, 吉田正夫, 渡邊眞紀子

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 19-26
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_19

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Grassland, which is maintained by human activities, grazing or burning, occupied more than 12% of the land of Japan in 1850's. However, most of the grassland area shifted to coniferous plantation forest or secondary broad-leaved forest. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the magnitude and spatial variation of soil acidity change due to the land use change. Soil chemical analysis found that pedons with forest use history or gentle slope have higher soil acidity and higher carbon content. The criterion of soil acidity was determined by using attributes of land use and slope gradient. From the soil acidity evaluation map, the relatively high soil acidity areas, Class 4 and Class 3, were estimated, to account for 9.6% and 17.3% of Nakaizu-town, respectively.

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GISと衛星データによるアフリカ大陸の植生図作成

野々村敦子, サンガ・ンゴイカザディ, 福山薫

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 27-34
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_27

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This paper provides a Digital Vegetation Model (DVM) which can be used for ecoclimatic analysis in Africa. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the 5-year monthly mean NOAA/AVHRR satellite data for the Visible (Channel 1), the Near Infra-Red (Channel 2) and the Thermal Band (Channel 4) was performed. Using the first component for each channel, we could retain and enhance the spectral properties of each land cover type. Accordingly, densely to sparsely vegetated areas all over the continent were classified into 7 main land cover categories. The seasonal properties and the area of each vegetation type were explored. The 3-dimensional relationship between vegetation and topography was shown using the DVM and a digital elevation model. The DVM is shown to be consistent with, and to upgrade, other available African vegetation maps produced mostly from one-year NDVI databases.

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ブール代数分析による農業集落データの質的比較

橋本雄一

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 35-47
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_35

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This study tried to apply the Boolean Analysis for qualitative comparative studies of agricultural settlements. The study area is the Tokachi Plain in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. This study clarified how the peculiar properties of farm labor and acreage under cultivation of each farms effect on their cultivation plan by analyzing Agricultural Settlement Data (1970-95). In this study, Boolean Analysis was valid for the formulated description of the relationship between spatial factors in the qualitative data. Especially, the Quine-McCluskey Technique for the minimization of qualitative data was the useful method as the tool of GIS in the case of analyzing of secondary documents.

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便益・迷惑施設配置問題と最適近傍領域

茨城県・山形県の市町村データを用いて

大澤義明, ペータースドミニク, 古藤浩

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 49-58
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_49

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In this paper, we treat a single-facility minisum model in the Euclidean plane with transportation costs that are increasing functions with respect to the Euclidean distances and subject to locational and distance constraints. We examine of the optimal locations and the nearoptimal regions by sensitivity analyses. Moreover, assuming the location problem of a obnoxious-facility, we present a near-optimality region with minimum distance constraints. We apply BSSS method, to the data of the municipalities of Ibaraki and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. As a result, we found that the stability of optimal location differs depending on the coefficient of object function. Moreover, it was shown that the stability of optimal point and the shape of near-optimality region are greatly influenced by the population distribution of the study areas.

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ヴァーチャル環境の空間認知とナヴィゲーションにおける方略の影響

志村久美子

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 59-68
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_59

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This research aims to clarify the role of strategies in spatial learning of the virtual environment (VE) by conducting two experiments. In experiment 1, subjects were presented the animation and were asked to sketch the map of the VE after they finished seeing an animation. And then, subjects were presented another animation and were asked to sketch the other route on the map. In experiment 2, subjects navigated the route after learning it from a map. The result of the analysis of sketch maps revealed that the mapping style for each subject was independent of the progress of spatial learning. Instead, two learning strategies, viz. sequence-oriented and space-oriented, used by the subject influenced on the mapping style. In addition, the result of the analysis of navigation revealed that the learning strategies used by the subjects influenced on what they read from the map and how they navigated the route.

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中学校における地理教育用GISの開発と教育実践

谷謙二, 佐藤俊樹, 大西宏治, 岡本耕平, 奥貫圭一

2002 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 69-77
発行日: 2002/09/30
公開日: 2009/05/29

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.10.2_69

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This paper firstly argues necessary functions for educational GIS in junior high school based on the new Course of Study and proposes the MANDARA system. This system has three major functions: making map database by using the raster to vector conversion program, making attribute database on the spread sheets and showing thematic maps. Secondly we report an empirical educational practice using the MANDARA system and discuss the validity of the system. The development of appropriate curriculums and the cooperation with other subjects are indispensable to practical use of the system.

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