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Volume 125 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 205-
- Issue 2 Pages 103-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 125, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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TAKAO KUNORI, TETSURO NISHIHIRA, EIAKI TSUTSUMI, MASAKI TAN, MORIO KAS ...1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 305-316
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReactive lymphocyte blastogenesis (RLB) was investigated in 13 recipients of renal transplantation, 7 patients with surgical diseases, 3 donors, and a patient with wound infection. Lymphocyte blastogenesis was assayed by 3H-thymidine uptake of peripheral lymphocytes. In the recipients, 3H-thymidine uptake often increased markedly after grafting. 3H-thymidine uptake decreased after removal of the rejected kidney. In the recipients who showed increased uptake of 3H-thymidine, cell infiltration in the grafts was remarkable. Rejection crisis was diagnosed or suspected in these recipients, but no clearcut correlation with rejection crisis and lymphocyte blastogenesis could be proved. 3H-thymidine uptake often increased after surgical operation or infection. These results suggest that peripheral lymphocytes are very reactive against immunological stimuli and may provide useful information in immuno-logical monitoring of recipients.View full abstractDownload PDF (2001K) -
SEIGI TSUCHIDA, IKUO MIYAGAWA, TAKASHI HARADA, IKUTARO KUMAGAI1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 317-323
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration of cefazolin sodium (hereinafter referred to as CEZ), a cephalosporin antibiotics, in the renal tissue, blood, and urine was measured in dogs with experimentally induced acute and chronic pyelonephritis in the left kidney. The results were as follows: The blood concentration of intravenously given CEZ, in terms of half life (T 1/2), was found to last longer than that in healthy animals. The tissue concentration in the acute mild pyelonephritic kidney was higher and lasted longer than that in the contralateral healthy kidney. The tissue concentration in the severe acute pyelonephritic and chronic pyelonephritic kidney was inversely lower than that in the healthy kidney. The urinary concentration and urinary recovery in the first 2-hr urine from the affected kidney were far lower than those from the healthy kidney, irrespective of severity or chronicity of inflammation. The findings in dogs suggest that the renal concentrations of antibiotics in patients with acute and mild pyelonephritis are higher and last longer than those in healthy persons, that the renal concentrations in patients with severe and chronic pyelonephritis are inversely lower than that in healthy persons, and that the urinary excretion of antibiotics in patients with pyelonephritis decreases as compared with that in healthy persons.View full abstractDownload PDF (343K) -
NOBUHISA YAMANE, NORIYOSHI SUKENO, NAKAO ISHIDA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 325-330
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of antibodies against swine influenza viruses, A/New Jersey/8/76 and A/Wisconsin/15/30, was examined in sera collected after the 1975-76 pandemic of Hong Kong influenza virus in Japan. Although persons from all age groups were examined, only those born before 1924-25 exhibited a characteristic serological involve-ment with the virus. This finding was believed to indicate that swine influenza virus had died out in Japan during 1930-31 and had never reappeared up to this time (1976). The hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests with sera from persons aged 44 or more showed that the hemagglutinins of the “old” and “new” swine influenza viruses were identical. However, the results with sera from persons recently vaccinated with the “new” strain showed some antigenic differences. The same study conducted with swine sera suggested that Japanese pigs had been exposed to the Hong Kong-like influenza virus, but not to swine influenza virus.View full abstractDownload PDF (345K) -
HIRONOBU ADACHI, TADAAKI YOKOTA, SHIGEYOSHI FUJIHARA, HIDENORI NAKAMUR ...1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 331-339
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo autopsy cases of paraquat poisoning in which the patients died of severe respiratory distress are reported. Clinically, liver dysfunction, renal failure and pulmonary distress were main features. Histopathologically, the lungs showed alveolar fibrosis, hemorrhage, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. Toxic liver injury was also evident. Multiple fibrin thrombi in various organs suggested the association of intravascular coagulation syndrome, which has not been hitherto described.View full abstractDownload PDF (3834K) -
Membrane Abnormalities of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Red Cells and PNH-like Red CellsTADAHIKO SHIOMURA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 341-352
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMembrane properties of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and PNH-like red cells, i. e. normal red cells treated with either 2-amino-ethylisothiouronium bromide (AET) or reduced glutathione (GSH), were compared and the following results were obtained. Osmotic fragility was normal in PNH and GSH-treated red cells, but was markedly increased in AET-treated red cells. 22Na+ uptake was strikingly increased in AET-treated red cells, slightly increased in GSH-treated red cells and nearly normal in PNH red cells. The effect of p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (PHMB) on 22Na+ uptake was more pronounced in PNH red cells than in AET-treated or GSH-treated red cells. The amount of membrane proteins extracted by sulfhydryl inhibitors, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) or PHMB, was significantly reduced in PNH red cells but was not decreased in PNH-like red cells. Sulfhydryl content of the membrane was reduced in AET-treated red cells and GSH-treated red cells but nearly normal in PNH red cells. The reduction in sulfhydryl content in these PNH-like red cells were attributed to the decrease of free sulfhydryl groups on the outer surface of the membrane. AET and GSH are considered to alter the membrane structure of normal red cells by acting only on the outer surface of the membrane, producing PNH-like character-istics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1975K) -
AKIRA B. MIURA, KOSAKU YOSHIDA, AKIHIKO YAMAGUCHI, MITSUYUKI FUKUDA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 353-365
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrastructure of the erythroblasts in mice splenic colonies was studied in contradistinction to that found in the normal mice spleen and bone marrow. Although the basic morphology of erythroblasts in those tissues was identical, most of the erythroblasts in splenic colonies were in the early stage, and those in normal mice were in the intermediate or late stage. A very few or no microtu-bules were seen in the erythroblasts in normal spleen and colonies, while they were often recognized in the marrow erythroblasts. The micropinocytic vesicles were often seen in the marrow erythroblasts. There was no distinct structure delimiting the erythroblasts colonies from the surrounding tissue cells. Further-more, macrophages were often recognized in the central part of colonies. Some macrophages engulfed and digested the erythroblasts. However, attachment apparatus such as desmosome, or the delivery of iron particles from macrophages to erythroblasts was never observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (4906K) -
RYUJI YAMAGUCHI, TETSUNORI MATSUDA, TOMOKO AIZAWA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 367-376
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous report, we presumed that there is a depressed transport of amino acids in the small-for-date (SFD) placenta. To substantiate this presumption, we conducted in vitro experiments with normal and SFD placental slices and compared their uptakes of amino acids, serine and lysine. Activity of Na-K ATPase in the trophoblastic membrane was also studied. (1) In both normal and SFD placentas, uptakes of amino acids were about two to three times as great for neutral amino acid serine as for basic amino acid lysine. (2) In the SFD placenta, amino acid uptake became significantly slower than in the normal after 30 min of incubation. After 90 min the uptake was lower than the normal by some 32% for serine and 42% for lysine. (3) Serine uptake began to be interrupted by the addition of 10-3M ouabain at 30min, and showed about 31% decrease at 90min, revealing an amino acid uptake pattern similar to that of the SFD placenta. But lysine uptake was not noticeably affected by ouabain. (4) As for the release of intracellular amino acids into the incubation medium, no differences could be observed either between serine and lysine or between the normal and the SFD placenta. (5) Activity of transport ATPase of the isolated trophoblastic membrane was lower in the SFD than in the normal placenta. The findings tend to corroborate the suggestion that the low f/m ratio of amino acids in SFD pregnancy accounts for a decreased placental transport of amino acids corresponding with depression in the activity of its major promotorView full abstractDownload PDF (1322K) -
EIZO YAMASHITA, NORIKO IIDA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 377-381
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe values of critical fusion frequency (CFF) of 6 weak-sighted pupils were measured as an indicator for measurement of their fatigue caused by lessons in school during a week. The values of CFF showed remarkable individual variations regardless of their visual acuity, and the values were very low in some of them as compared with the control. CFF decreased daily in a week. The desirable arrangement of lessons for weak-sighted pupils is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (253K) -
TAKAYOSHI TOYOTA, KANJI ABE, YUGO ABE, SHINICHIRO SATO, YOSHIO GOTO1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 383-390
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma C-peptide was determined in 46 inpatients with diabetes mellitus in order to evaluate the pancreatic B-cell function under insulin treatment. These patients were classified into three groups on the basis of fasting blood glucose: mild (n=7), moderate (n=13) and severe diabetes group (n=26), of which fasting blood glucose was below 119mg/100ml, from 120 to 199mg/100ml and above 200mg/100ml, respectively. In mild and moderate diabetes groups, the plasma C-peptide during GTT increased with a rise of plasma insulin 5 weeks after the start of insulin treatment. This result suggests that the insulin treatment may improve the pancreatic B-cell function. The insulin antibody was formed in 7 of 45 patients who had no antibody before the insulin treatment. Six of the seven patients having antibody belonged to the severe diabetes group. Any correlation was not demonstrated between increments of C-peptide at 60 min during GTT 5 weeks after the insulin treatment and insulin doses. The determination of plasma C-peptide gave us an information to evaluate the pancreatic B-cell function. However, we failed to obtain a conclusion that the determination of plasma C-peptide was useful as a guideline for the selection of treatment in diabetic patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
TAKAO SUZUKI, YUTAKA MIURA, SHIRO SHIGETA1978 Volume 125 Issue 4 Pages 391-400
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple method for the quantification of antithrombin activity was demonstrated by means of fibrinogen agarose plate. The principle of the method is the growth of fibrin rings by residual thrombin on fibrinogen agarose plate after the reaction with antithrombin. The mixtures of defibrinated plasma or serum, and thrombin were incubated for about 30min at 37°C, and then poured into the wells in the fibrinogen agarose plate with micropipettes. After the incubation of the plate for about one hr at 37°C, the diameters of fibrin rings were measured. As a control, saline was used in place of samples. The antithrombin activity index was indicated by the square of the control diameter which was divided by that of the sample diameter. The reproducibility of the method was 4.8% in coefficient of variation in plasma and 5.4% in serum, and normal values were estimated as 1.5-2.5 in plasma and 1.4-2.0 in serum. There was a significant correlation between the values obtained with this method and with the biological one by Biggs et al. With this method we tested about 70 samples from patients. In cases of liver cirrhosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), antithrombin activity index decreased.View full abstractDownload PDF (1154K)
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