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Volume 126 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 301-
- Issue 3 Pages 203-
- Issue 2 Pages 103-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 126, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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MASAYUKI TOKUNAGA, EIKICHI WAKAMATSU, ZENSAHU YOSIZAWA1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe excretion of urinary total glycosamino-glycans (GAG) in a case of Rothmund Thomson syndrome associated with osteosarcoma was increased about 2-3 times that of normal control. Since the excretion of urinary total GAG in two cases of osteosarcoma was within normal range, the increased excretion of total GAG might be on account of the metabolic disorder of GAG in Rothmund Thomson syndrome. The prominent fractions obtained by Dowex 1 column chromatography from this syndrome were 0.75M Fr and 1.0M Fr, in which the major GAG were indicated to be partially degraded forms of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1508K) -
AKIO KITAHARA, TAKAYOSHI TOYOTA, MASAEI KAKIZAKI, YOSHIO GOTO1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSActivities of the hepatic enzymes were determined in spontaneous diabetes rats. The activities of the enzymes were compared with those in normal rats and in streptozotocin diabetic rats. In the spontaneous diabetes rats, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase were 14.6±0.6 and 1.73±0.15 U respectively. The activities of both the enzymes were significantly increased. In the spontaneous diabetes rats glucokinase was 3.82±0.5 U showing a significant increase. On the contrary, the activity of the enzyme was decreased in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. Glucose-6-phosphatase was increased both in the spontaneous diabetes rats and in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. Fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase was increased in the spontaneous diabetes rats. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was increased in the spontaneous diabetes rats and decreased in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. In the spontaneous diabetes rats phosphofructokinase showed a reduction of the activity and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was elevated. These findings are consistent with the results of activities of the hepatic enzymes in adult-onset dia-betic patients. These patterns of the hepatic enzymes in the spontaneous diabetes rats were different from those in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. From these patterns of activities of the hepatic enzymes, the spontaneous diabetes rats pro-duced by repetition of selective breeding according to Goto et al. (1975, 1976) are an excellent model of human adult-onset diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (298K) -
TAKAAKI TAKEBE, SOZO ISHIZUNI, TOSHITAKA KAGAYA, MASARU KOIZUMI, SHIGE ...1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 13-26
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiopsy specimens of the duodenal mucosa were assayed to determine their secretin-like activity in 9 controls, 9 patients with gastric ulcer, 19 patients with duodenal ulcer, 4 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The bioassay of secretin was done on the pancreatic secretion in anesthetized rats. The sensitivity was in the order of 0.0625 CHR unit/rat (4ng/rat). In the range between 0.0625 and 0.5 CHR units a satisfactory dose dependency was recognized. The following results were obtained. 1) The level of duodenal mucosal secretin-like activity in patients with gastric ulcer was the same as that in the controls, but was elevated in 32% of the patients with duodenal ulcer, 50% of those with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 8% of those with chronic pancreatitis. 2) The high level of secretin-like activity noted in patients with duodenal ulcer was suspected to be related to the hypersecretion of gastric acid which is characteristic of this disease, but there was no correlation between gastric acid secretion and secretin-like activity in the duodenal mucosa.View full abstractDownload PDF (771K) -
SOROKU YAGIHASHI, NOBUHIRO KASEDA1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 27-49
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe structural changes of the renal glomeruli in development and aging were investigated by electron microscopy in normal rats from 4 to 36 weeks of age at 4 weeks intervals after birth. Infantile rats had an uneven glomerular basement membrane which was characterized by double-layered or mossy appearances of the lamina densa. On the other hand, diffuse and hemispherical thickenings of the basement membrane were observed in older rats. These thickenings were due to the accumulation of basement membrane materials on the epithelial side of the lamina densa. In the older rats, laminae rarae interna and externa were extremely thin. Epithelial cells of the young rat had abundant cytoplasmic organelles and relatively electron-lucent secretory bodies, whereas those of the older rat had less numerous cytoplasmic organelles, many myelinated bodies suggesting autophagosomes, and electron-dense whorl-formed secretory bodies. Mesangial regions of the young rat took small parts of the glomeruli and loosely contacted with endothelial cells. With increasing age, the mesangial matrix also took a greater part of the mesangial regions. The most even figure of the basement membrane was observed in 12 to 16 week old rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (10179K) -
TOYOAKI AKINO, GOROH OKANO, KIMIYOSHI OHNO1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 51-62
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe biochem-ical compositions of lung lavage fluid from three patients and that of the lung tissue obtained by a biopsy from a patient with alveolar proteinosis were analyzed. The lung lavage fluid was separated to the supernatant and the insoluble precipitate fractions by a brief centrifugation and the lung tissue was separated to surfactant and residual fractions by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The supernatant of lung washing contained larger quantities of protein and less lipid which was mainly composed of lecithin and sphingomyelin. In contrast, the insoluble material of lung washing contained 4-8 fold of lipid as compared with the supernatant, and lecithin was a predominant phospholipid. From the analysis of fatty acid and individual molecular species of major phospholipids, the higher contents of dipaamitoyllecithin and sphingomyelin containing palmitate were found in the insoluble material. The phospholipid composition and fatty acid composition of lecithin were similar between the precipitate fraction of lung washing and the surfactant fraction of lung tissue. The ratio of protein to phospholipid in the precipitate fraction was similar to that of lung washing. These analytical data suggest that the materials accumulated in the alveoli of the patients may derived mainly from the lung surfactant fraction. The metabolic studies showed that lecithin synthesis through de novo and lysolecithin pathways works in human lung with this disease as actively as in rat lung. The secretion of lung lecithin to the surfactant fraction also appeared to be normal. From these analytical and metabolic findings, the causes for the accumulation of the materials which cover alveolar surface and impair gaseous exchange in the alveoli of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
MAKOTO SEIJI, SHINRAN MORO, YASUSHI TOMITA1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 63-70
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGolgi-rich fraction was isolated from Harding-Passey mouse melanoma by centrifugation through the discontinuous sucrose density gradient and its properties were compared with those of the same fraction isolated from rat liver. The specific activity of UDP-galactose: N-acetylglucosamine galactosyltransferase was 35 times higher in the melanoma Golgi fraction than in the melanoma homogenate and was a half that in the rat liver Golgi fraction. The specific activities of marker enzymes for other subcellular components such as 5'-nucleotidase, acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase in the melanoma Golgi fraction were all one-third those in the melanoma homogenate. Electron micro-graphs of the negatively-stained Golgi fractions of melanoma and liver revealed the presence of a system of tubules, vesicles and plate-like center regions which are known as components of Golgi apparatus. Tyrosinase activity was found to be present in this fraction of mouse melanoma, but its specific activity was lower than that in the rough or smooth surface membrane fraction or in the melanosome fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1109K) -
TOSHIYUKI TANAKA, AKIRA SEKI, JUN FUJII1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 71-76
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe weight and protein contents of the aorta and left ventricle were measured in rabbits with two-kidney or one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension (group 2H and group 1H) and in respective control animals (group 2C and group 1C). 14 days after a renal artery constriction the protein contents of the aorta were greater in group 2H (124±3mg) than in group 2C (95±2mg) (p<0.001) and in group 1H (124±5mg) than in group 1C (102±4mg) (p<0.001). The weight and protein contents of the aorta and of the left ventricle were also significantly greater in group 1H and group 2H than in group 1C and group 2C respectively. Furthermore in both types of hypertension the weight and protein contents of these two organs significantly correlated to the blood pressure. These results indicate that hypertrophy of the aorta as well as the left ventricle develops already in early developing stage of Goldblatt hypertension.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
KATSUYUKI TAKAHASHI, TEIKO WAKAI, NOBUAKI FURUHASHI, HIROSHI HOSHIAI, ...1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 77-84
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPregnant rat hypothalamic fragments were extracted with 30mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.8, subjected to enzymatic digestion, and applied to gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 for purification of the prolactin releasing factor. Effect of the eluted fractions on the release of prolactin were tested by the determination of serum and pituitary prolactin after the injection in lactating rats. Prolactin was estimated by radioimmunoassay. One fraction (tube number 61-73) eluted later than synthetic ACTH enhanced release of prolactin 30min after injection, but other fractions had no effect on the release of prolactin. Prolactin releasing factor would be quantitatively predominant over prolactin inhibiting factor in pregnant rat.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
SOROKU YAGIHASHI1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 85-93
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConstant age-related increases in the width of glomerular basement membrane of normal rats were ascertained by quantitative estimation on electron micrographs. The thickness of glomerular basement membrane associated with aging was expressed by a regression equation; Y=0.03X+0.96 (Y, thickness of the glomerular basement membrane in 103×Å; X, rat's age in weeks), and the correlation coefficient between age and basement membrane thickness was very high (γ=0.95). Standard deviation of the average thickness of glomerular basement membrane also increased with aging. Individual variation in various age groups was large in the infantile and older groups, while it was smallest in the group of 16 weeks of age. Frequency distribution curves of the thickness of basement membrane in the infantile and young rats were steep, whereas those in the older rats were blunt. The peak of curves of the older rats shifted to the right.View full abstractDownload PDF (1160K) -
ICHIRO NAKAZAWA, MASAO OHTSUKI, YOSHIO GOTO1978 Volume 126 Issue 1 Pages 95-101
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the biochemical features of metastatic tissues into the liver of human cancerous cells, 12 of primary cancerous tissues and 3 of metastatic tissues of the large intestinal cancer, 6 of primary cancerous tissues and 2 of metastatic tissues of the gastric cancer, and 3 of primary cancerous tissues and 3 of metastatic tissues of malignant insulinoma were studied lipid-chemically. Cancerous tissues and metastatic tissues into the liver were collected by biopsy or surgical operation. From each tissue, the total lipid was extracted and one part of the total lipid was separated into phospholipid and triglyceride by TLC. Then, the fatty acid composition and the fatty acid content of each lipid fraction were measured by GLC. The most remarkable findings were recognized in the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the tissues. Namely, the percentage values of C14:0 and C16:1 were larger and that of C20:4 was smaller in metastatic tissues than those of gastric primary lesions. As for the large intestinal cancer, the percentage value of C18:1 was smaller and that of C18:2 larger in metastatic tissues than those of primary lesions. In the malignant insulinoma, the percentage value of C18.0 was larger in metastatic tissues than that of the primary lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (383K)
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