巻号一覧
184 巻 (1998)
- 4 号 p. 257-
- 3 号 p. 159-
- 2 号 p. 73-
- 1 号 p. 1-
184 巻, 2 号
February
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Review
-
Kiyohisa Sekizawa1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 73-84
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーPneumonia is not only a major cause of death for elderly persons, but also imposes substantial personal morbidity and burdens on the health care system. An understanding of the pathogenesis of this serious illness could allow us to devise methods for curbing the incidence and severity of the disease. Pathophysiological issues and preventative measures are the subject of this review.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (834K)
Regular Contributions
-
Keizo Hirata, Yutaka Tagawa, Kiyotaka Kashima, Hideo Kidogawa, Masahir ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 85-97
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーTrisomy 7 has been reported in various malignant neoplasms, but there are no reports in breast cancer. In order to evaluate the contribution of chromosome 7 gain to breast cancer, we investigated the relationship of numerical abberation of chromosome 7 with clinicopathological variables and prognosis in seventy-nine breast cancer cases (invasive carcinomas) using the technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on paraffin-embedded sections. A significant correlation of the frequency of cells with extra copies of chromosome 7 (percent polysomy 7 cell score) was found with tumor size, regional lymph node status, tnm stage, histological extension, estrogen receptor (ER), and DNA ploidy. The number of metastatic lymph nodes was positively correlated with percent polysomy 7 cell score (correlation coefficient=0.623, p<0.01). Furthermore, cases with a high percent polysomy 7 cell score had a shorter disease-free survival and overall survival times, especially in the lymph node-positive group. It was demonstrated that percent polysomy 7 cell value was closely associated with lymph node metastasis and prognosis and might be a useful prognostic predictor of breast cancer patients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (743K) -
Rong-Sen Yang, Tang-Kue Liu1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 99-111
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーRegional periprosthetic bone resorption plays an important role of prosthesis loosening. In order to study the possible mechanisms of loosening, we investigated the presence of matrix proteolytic enzymes in the periprosthetic tissue by immunohistochemical technique in 72 patients undergoing revision operation of loosened joint prosthesis, including 22 males and 50 females and aged from 19 to 88 years (mean, 61.7 years). Thirty-nine patients had a loosened hip prosthesis (18 males and 21 females) whereas 33 patients had a loosened knee prosthesis (4 males and 29 females). Tissue specimens collected during revision surgery underwent thin slide sections and H & E staining, and were observed under light microscopy and polarized-light microscopy. The results showed many macrophages, histiocytes, fibroblasts, as well as many phagocytosed metal debris and polyethylene debris in the periprosthetic tissues, suggesting an active bone resorption. Furthermore, we used immunohistochemical techniques to detect the distribution of matrix proteolytic enzymes in periprosthetic tissue, including lysosome enzymes (cathepsin B, cathepsin D and cathepsin G), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3). The immunostaining were classified as strong positivity, >70% positive cells; moderate positivity, 20-70% positive cells; weak/negative, <20% positive cells. The results showed that cathepsin B, cathepsin D and cathepsin G were found in most fibroblasts and macrophage-like cells, including multinuclear giant cells and epithelioid cells. MMPs were found in most fibroblasts and macrophage-like cells, as well as a scant amount in the extracellular matrix. These enzymes were also found in or around blood vessels, the endothelial cells in the richly vascularized tissue. All negative controls showed no staining. The results of immunoreactive staining ranged from 61.1% to 68.1% of strong to moderate positivity. Since these enzymes were related to the degradation of matrix protein, they may be related to the periprosthetic bone resorption. The further clinical significance needs further investigation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1005K) -
Takao Fukaya, Takekuni Yamanaka, Yukihiro Terada, Takashi Murakami, Ak ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 113-122
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated whether growth hormone(GH) may influence the development of mouse embryo in vitro using recombinant GH and anti-growth hormone receptor(GHR) antibody. When mouse two-cell-stage embryos were cultured with GH, 5, 10 mIU/ml, the rates of formation of both blastocysts and of hatched blastocysts from two-cell-stage embryos were significantly higher than in the medium without GH. The number of blastomeres from blastocyst treated with GH, 2, 5 and 10 mIU/ml, was significantly higher than those cultured without GH. When cultured blastocysts were implanted in recipient uteri, a significantly higher implantation rate was found for the GH-treated(10 mIU/ml) mouse embryos than for controls. To confirm the GH effect, anti-GHR monoclonal antibody MAb5 was employed to neutralize the action of GH through GHR. Two-cell-stage mouse embryos were cultured with GH, 10 mIU/ml, and anti-GHR antibody, and as a control, embryos were cultured with GH alone. Both the rate of formation of blastocysts from two-cell-stage embryos and the number of blastomeres were significantly decreased in groups exposed to anti-GHR antibody. Results indicate that GH may be important to early embryonic development, acting through GHR. GH may help to obtain good quality embryos and improve the implantation rate in IVF programs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (696K) -
Bing Yang, Hironobu Koga, Hideaki Ohno, Kazuhiko Ogawa, Mohammad A. Ho ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 123-131
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーWe evaluated the usefulness of three types of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 16S rRNA, protein antigen b and IS6110 in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in preserved tuberculous lymph nodes. The detection limit of all PCR methods was 100 colony forming unit (CFU) of M. tuberculosis in tissue. The test samples included eight paraffin-embedded tuberculous lymph nodes containing microscopical epithelioid cell granuloma with caseous necrosis and Langhans giant cells. Although acid-fast stained organisms in lymph node tissue were not detected in any sample, all three types of PCR tests were positive in four of eight lymph nodes. Our results suggest that PCR is not only a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method for tuberculous lymphadenitis, but also clinically significant in retrospective study for detecting M. tuberculosis even in some preserved lymph node tissues without evidence of acid-fast stained organisms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (941K) -
Rong-Sen Yang, Chen-Tu Wu, Kai-Hsin Lin, Ruey-Long Hong, Tang-Kue Liu, ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 133-142
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーEventhough adjuvant chemotherapy has improved the 5-year survival rate of osteosarcoma patients, a significant percentage of patients eventually die from lung metastasis. Since transforming growth fartor-β (TGF-β) has been demonstrated to be related to the tumor progression, we investigated the clinical implications of the presence of TGF-β isoforms in 16 human osteosarcoma tissue. There were 10 males and 6 females with a mean age of 20.8 years of age (range, 8 to 57 years). Biopsied specimen before chemotherapy was fixed in 10% formalin, demineralized and followed by paraffin embedding. The locations of tumor included femur (10), tibia (3), humerus (1), fibula (1), and ilium (1). Histologic subtypes included osteoblastic (11), chondroblastic (2), and fibroblastic (3). All patients were followed for a minimum of 1 year (range 12 to 44 months) or to the development of lung metastasis. Five patients (31.3%) developed subsequent lung metastasis during the follow up. We used immunohistochemistry technique to investigate the presence of the TGF-β isoforms in osteosarcoma tissue and its relationship to the subsequent pulmonary metastasis. The results showed the presence of one or more TGF-β isoforms in tumor cells in osteosarcoma tissues (13 of 16, 81.3%) in all of the subtypes. However, minimal presence of TGF-β isoforms was shown in the tumor bone matrix. The expression of TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 isoforms was associated with a higher rate of subsequent lung metastasis (p<0.05, chi-square test). Further research is warranted to determine the utility of routine TGF-β analysis in the clinical practice.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3515K) -
Panayiots M. Zavos, Juan R. Correa, Cassandra L. Foster, Joe B. Massey ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 143-152
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーUse of the media TEST-yolk buffer (TYB) in semenology today enables the short-term incubation and cryostorage of spermatozoa and its subsequent use in the various assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Preparation of TYB media involves the addition of egg yolk (20% v/v) to a physiological solution of the zwitterion buffers TES and Tris. The TYB is usually thermoprecipitated to remove the majority of the egg yolk globules and other macromolecules from the medium. However, removal of these egg yolk constituents could possibly eliminate or reduce essential factors that could enhance the sperm viability and fertilization potential after short-term dilution and storage. Improvements in the quality of the TYB could add greater benefits to those techniques employed in the various forms of ART. The objectives of the investigation were 1) to study the sperm qualitative characteristics following short-term cryostorage at 5°C in either thermoprecipitated (T-TYB) or non-thermoprecipitated (NT-TYB), and 2) to compare the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa stored for 24 hours at 5°C in the two TYB preparations. In Experiment 1, semen specimens from 15 patients were collected, assessed and split into two aliquots. Sperm specimens were processed by diluting 1 : 1 (v/v) with the T-TYB or NT-TYB, followed by centrifugation and reconstitution of the specimen to its initial volume with the corresponding TYB medium. Sperm specimens were cryostored for 1, 2, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Samples were taken at each interval and placed in a 37°C water bath and allowed to warm for 15 minutes after each cryostorage interval. Semen specimens were assessed for percentage and grade of motility. The results of this study indicated that, although the NT-TYB yielded better results than the T-TYB, overall those differences were not statistically significant. In Experiment 2, the fertilization potential of spermatozoa recovered after 24 hours of cryostorage in the two TYB preparations and further prepared via filtration, was assessed by the sperm penetration assay (SPA) using zona-free hamster oocytes. The average penetration rate (PR) and penetration index (PI) were significantly better for the NT-TYB than for the T-TYB. The PR was 54% vs. 25%, and the PI 0.78 and 0.27 for spermatozoa incubated in the NT-TYB vs. T-TYB. The range of penetration was also much lower for the T-TYB (6 to 100%) preparation when compared to the NT-TYB (22 to 100%). The highest penetrator showed 100% for both preparations. However, the lowest penetrator showed 6% for the T-TYB and 22% for the NT-TYB. The data obtained in this study suggest that both TYB preparations can be employed in short-term cryostorage (5°C) of human spermatozoa and can adequately maintain the qualitative characteristics of those spermatozoa. The data also showed that the NT-TYB preparation yielded sperm samples of higher fertilization potential, thus possibly establishing the superior usefulness of the NT-TYB in an ART program.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (677K) -
Takeshi Izutsu, Toshifumi Matsui, Toshihiro Satoh, Takayuki Tsuji, Hid ...1998 年 184 巻 2 号 p. 153-157
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2005/12/13
ジャーナル フリーDecubitus is one of the most difficult management problems encountered in bedridden elderly patients. Relief of pressure over decubitus is the most important principle of the management. We developed a rolling air cushion bed which turns the patient to a 15-degree inclined lateral position with an inflating ripple mattress, a longitudinally aligned air inflatable tube. The position of the patients was changed between right and left laterals and to supine every 15 minutes automatically. Nineteen bedridden patients with decubitus used the rolling air cushion bed for 3 months and 12 bedridden patients with decubitus used a conventional bed and had their position changes every 2 hours by care givers. Severity of decubitus was divided into 4 grades and the decubitus significantly improved from 2.8 (S.E. 0.2) to 2.0 (S.E. 0.3) after 3 months in patients using the rolling air cushion bed, while in patients with conventional beds it changed from 3.0 (S.E. 0.2) to 3.2 (S.E. 0.2) (not statistically significant). We suggest that the rolling air cushion bed would be beneficial to decubitus relief in bedridden elderly and may relieve labor by care givers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (293K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|