巻号一覧
211 巻 (2007)
- 4 号 p. 309-
- 3 号 p. 201-
- 2 号 p. 99-
- 1 号 p. 1-
211 巻, 1 号
January
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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Regular Contributions
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Koichi Ito, Kenji Goto, Tokio Sugiura, Kanji Muramatsu, Toshihiro Ando ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーDespite administration of vitamin K (VK), some infants show lower activity of VK-dependent coagulation factors and they could develop intracranial hemorrhage. For preventing VK deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in infants, oral administration of VK and a screening test for VK deficiency are carried out in Japan. For the screening, the total activity of VK-dependent coagulation factors is measured using a commercial product, Normotest®. This study was undertaken to clarify the importance of the following genetic and environmental factors on the coagulation status in one-month-old infants: two polymorphisms in the factor VII gene, -323P0/10 (a 10-bp insertion in the promoter region at position -323) and R353Q (the replacement of arginine [R] with glutamine [Q] at residue 353) and sex, age, gestational age, birth weight, and feeding regimen. Two hundred Japanese infants (34.6 ± 4.0 days old) were screened for VK-dependent coagulation activity with Normotest and were genotyped for the two polymorphisms. Among the subjects screened, 18 infants (9%) carried the P10 allele and 26 (13%) carried the R353Q allele. Multiple regression analysis showed that the 10-bp inserted (P10) allele or the Q allele was associated with the lower coagulation activities. The coagulation activities for the R/Q genotype were significantly lower than those for the R/R genotype and those for the P0/P10 genotype were significantly lower than those for the P0/P0 genotype. Therefore, infants who carry the P10 allele or the Q allele show lower activity of VK-dependent coagulation factors. These infants may have a higher risk of VKDB manifestation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (319K) -
Ahmet Mesut Onat, Mehmet Akif Öztürk, Levent Özç ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 9-14
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーFamilial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is characterized by recurrent acute attacks of fever and serositis, and colchicine is the primary treatment. The pathogenesis of the disease has not been fully understood. Resistance to colchicine remains to be a problem in up to 30% of the patients and yet there seems to be no alternative treatment. In this study our objective was to investigate whether a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) could affect the attack frequency and acute phase response in FMF patients who were unresponsive to colchicine. We retrospectively evaluated the hospital files of 11 colchicine-unresponsive FMF patients who had been treated with SSRIs. According to the records and re-evaluation of the patients, the total number of the FMF attacks was calculated before and after the SSRI, adjunct to colchicine. The laboratory values including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and white blood cell counts were also noted before and after the SSRI treatment from their hospital files. The mean attack frequency before adding SSRI to colchicine was 8.09 ± 3.53 per 6 months, and at the end of this period there was a great decline in the number of mean attack frequency (0.36 ± 0.50 attacks per 6 months) (p < 0.001). Acute phase reactants were significantly decreased after SSRI treatment (p < 0.001). All of the colchicine-unresponsive patients had depression and 3 of those patients also had fibromyalgia. SSRIs appear to be useful adjuncts in the management of FMF patients who continue to have attacks despite regular colchicine treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
Tomoko Nishiwaki, Kimiko Ueno, Mariko Hasegawa, Kazutoshi Nakamura2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 15-21
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーDay-service, commuting service for elderly people requiring care at home, is one healthcare option in Japan. To date, however, there exist no studies that have examined the effects of day-service use on health outcomes in Japan. The objective of the present longitudinal study was to determine whether there is an association between day-service use and various physical and mental health outcomes in elderly people requiring care. The subjects were 61 elderly persons who required between 25 and 49 min of assistance per day and used long-term care insurance. Measurements included demographic characteristics, activities of daily living, frequency of day-service use, body weight, height, grip strength, thigh muscle volume, degree of depression (Geriatric Depression Scale), the mini-mental state examination, and serum albumin and blood hemoglobin levels in the baseline and follow-up surveys two years later. In the day-service user group, the mean changes in serum albumin concentrations using day-service once, twice and three ≤ times/week were −0.2, −0.3, and 0 g/dl, respectively, and the mean changes in blood hemoglobin were −0.7, −0.5, and 0.2 g/dl, respectively. The two-year change in serum albumin concentrations was less (p = 0.024) in subjects using day-service “three ≤ times” (0 g/dl) than “twice” (−0.3 g/dl). The two-year change in blood hemoglobin was also less (p = 0.043) in subjects using day-service “three ≤ times” (0.2 g/dl) than “twice” (−0.5 g/dl). The present study has shown that frequent use of day-service is useful in maintaining general nutritional status in elderly people.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (331K) -
Gülsen Yilmaz, Hatice Sürer, Levent E. Inan, Özlem Cosk ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 23-30
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーThe molecular mechanisms of migraine have not been fully clarified yet. Increased nitrosative and oxidative stress may be associated with migraine attacks. Platelets may play an important role in migraine patients and they can reflect the lability of tissues to nitrosative/oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to determine the levels of nitrosative and oxidative stress markers in platelets of migraine patients during headache-free and attack periods. A total of 56 subjects (22 migraine without aura, 14 migraine with aura, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) were included in the study and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, malondialdehyde (MDA), and thiol (SH) groups were measured in platelets. During migraine attacks, platelet levels of nitrate, nitrite and MDA were significantly higher in migraineurs than these in control subjects (p = 0.042, p = 0.005 and p = 0.042, respectively). By contrast, during headache-free period, no statistically significant differences were found in the platelet levels of nitrate, nitrite and MDA between migraineurs and controls (p > 0.05), although the marginal increases were detected in migraineurs. These results suggest that increased biomarkers of nitrosative and oxidative stress in platelets may be important in migraine patients, especially during attacks; increase of NO metabolites in platelets during attacks supports the opinion that NO may play a modulatory role in biological processes particularly by vasodilatation in migraine attacks. Therefore, MDA and NO metabolites may serve as useful markers to show the increased vulnerability to nitrosative and oxidative stress in migraine patients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
Satoshi Kawasaki, Shingo Kimura, Shuji Watanabe, Reiko Fujita, Mitsuhi ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 31-41
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーReceptor-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in modulation of various types of ionic channels in neurons. For example, PKC causes facilitation or long-lasting activation of certain ionic channels involved in spike firing after the receptor stimulation. We investigated the effect of serotonin (5-HT) on the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in RB and RC neurons of Aplysia ganglia under voltage clamp. An outward current response was induced by voltage change of the cell membrane from −60 mV to +10 mV. Application of 5-HT significantly augmented the outward current response to the voltage change. Both the outward current and the augmenting effect of 5-HT markedly decreased when examined in either Ca2+-free, 10 mM tetraethylammonium, or 0.3 mM Cd2+-solution, indicating the current to be Ca2+-activated K+ current produced by Ca2+ entry. Intracellular application of either guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) or cholera toxin (CTX), reagents for G-proteins, irreversibly blocked the augmenting effect of 5-HT. Application of phorbol dibutylate (PDBu), an activator of PKC, augmented the outward current and the effect of 5-HT was occluded after PDBu application. Staurosporine, a specific inhibitor of PKC, markedly suppressed the augmenting effects of both 5-HT and PDBu on the outward current. However, either 5-HT or PDBu did not augment the Ca2+-activated K+ current induced by intracellular injection of Ca2+ but rather depressed it. These results suggest that stimulation of 5-HT receptor may activate a novel type of CTX-sensitive G-protein and subsequent PKC, and that phosphorylation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels may result in the increase in Ca2+ entry and subsequent Ca2+-activated K+ current. The mechanism may contribute to retain the long-lasting activation without broadening of the spike width during the excitatory response to 5-HT in these neurons.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (544K) -
Aydin Yildirim, Ozer Soylu, Bahadir Dagdeviren, Mehmet Ergelen, Seden ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 43-47
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーAsynchronous ventricular activation, induced by left bundle branch block, is known to have deleterious effects on the systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle (LV). Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been proposed as a complementary method to improve the LV systolic performance by restoring the synchronized contraction patterns in patients with advanced heart failure and left bundle branch block. However, the effect of CRT on myocardial blood flow is not well established. In the present study, we therefore examined the coronary blood flow in 20 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, implanted with a biventricular pacemaker according to the established CRT criteria. Color Doppler settings were adjusted for the optimal coronary flow imaging, and coronary flow velocities were obtained in all patients. Typical diastolic predominant phasic Doppler spectrum of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was recorded. Conventional echocardiographic variables, peak values of the diastolic and systolic LAD velocities, and the velocity time integrals were measured for three or five consecutive beats during CRT with pacemaker on and off. Successful CRT with biventricular pacing increased coronary blood flow velocities of the distal LAD in addition to its well-known benefits on the systolic and diastolic LV performance in patients with significant dyssynchrony. CRT decreased duration of mitral regurgitation and increased diastolic filling time. Peak diastolic velocities and velocity time integral of the distal LAD were increased significantly. In conclusion, successful CRT with biventricular pacing improves coronary blood flow velocities of the distal LAD.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
Deniz Seher Öztekin, Meral Ucuzal, Ilhan Öztekin, Halim Isse ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 49-61
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is important for student nurses to be knowledgeable of the complementary and alternative therapies and to provide accurate information to both cancer patients and other health care professionals. This study examined the nursing students' willingness to use these therapies, availability of sources of information, use of the therapies for self care, opinions about the integration of these therapies into nursing curriculum, and analyzed the differences among the responses. A self-administered questionnaire was offered to 640 nursing students in Istanbul, descriptive statistics were used, and comparisons among responses were made with chi-square test. Willingness to use for cancer patients was highest for nutritional therapy (76.1%), breathing therapies (74.5%), and massage and manipulation-Tui Na, in which pressure and touch are applied to the body (71.9%). Use of information sources was highest for nutritional therapy (75.6%), breathing therapies (71.9%), and massage and manipulation-Tui Na (62.3%). Over half of the nursing students used music therapy (54.2%), and massage and manipulation-Tui Na (53.6%) for self-care. Breathing therapies (87.2%) were the most desired therapy chosen to be included in nursing curriculum. The statistically significant differences were found among the responses related to use five therapies for care and related to desired three therapies to be included in nursing curriculum. Although students had not previously been exposed to these therapies use with oncology patients, many of students expressed a desire to integrate therapies learning into nursing curriculum. The more student nurses document high risk patients, the more effective strategies will be developed by other health care professionals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K) -
Jun Koyama, Kamruddin Ahmed, Jizi Zhao, Mariko Saito, Shozaburo Onizuk ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 63-74
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーStrain-specific immune responses may play a critical role in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused by Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), and the outer membrane protein P2 is one of surface antigens of NTHi, which may contribute to the strain-specific protective immunity. We examined whether repeated airway immunizations with killed-NTHi strains bearing different P2 molecules were capable of inducing protective immunity against homologous or heterologous strains in the lungs of a mouse model. Three different strains of NTHi were used in this study. Three serial intratracheal (IT) immuizations of a single strain or three different strains of NTHi led to the production of cross-reactive immunoglobulins G and A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Three serial IT immunizations with a single strain enhanced the bacterial clearance of the homologous strain in the lungs, but no enhancement of bacterial clearance was found with three serial IT immunizations of heterologous strains. The enhancement in bacterial clearance, therefore, appears to be primarily strain-specific. Enhanced bacterial clearance of a hetrologous strain was also found after three serial IT immunizations of a single strain among two of the three strains employed for bacterial challenge. These findings suggest that P2 molecules and surface antigens other than P2 are involved in the development of pulmonary defense against NTHi in mice. Our data may explain, in part, why patients with COPD experience recurrent NTHi infections.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (489K) -
Aunyaratana Thontiravong, Sunchai Payungporn, Juthatip Keawcharoen, Sa ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 75-79
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーAvian influenza (AI) A virus subtypes H5 and H7 cause severe disease in domestic poultry, including chickens and turkeys. Moreover, H5 and H7 AI A viruses can cross the species barrier from poultry to humans. In the present study, we have developed a single-step multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR) for detecting H5 and H7 AI A viruses. This assay was applied to the poultry isolates with the aim of establishing a surveillance method to monitor possible transmission to humans. Two subtype-specific primer sets capable of producing PCR products of 157 and 326 base pairs corresponding to AI A virus H5 and H7 subtypes, respectively, were utilized in a one-step and one-tube reaction. The single-step multiplex RT-PCR assay developed in this study was found to be specific for detecting H5 and H7 AI A viruses. No specific amplification bands were detected with total nucleic acids extracted from other influenza hemagglutinin subtypes and other viral pathogens. The sensitivity of this assay was about 103 RNA copies/μl. In conclusion, this novel single-step multiplex RT-PCR is a simple assay with high potential for rapid, specific and cost effective laboratory diagnosis of H5 and H7 AI A virus isolates from clinical specimens of poultry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
Chiou-An Chen, Yu-Chuan Li, Yuh-Feng Lin, Fu-Chiu Yu, Wei-Hsin Huang, ...2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 81-87
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーMeasuring the plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration is crucial to evaluate renal bone disease in patients with renal failure. Although frequent measurement is needed to avoid inadequate prescription of phosphate binders and vitamin D preparations, artificial intelligence can repeatedly perform the forecasting tasks and may be a satisfactory substitute for laboratory tests. Neuro-fuzzy technology represents a promising forecasting application in clinical medicine. We therefore constructed a coactive neuro-fuzzy inference system (CANFIS) to predict plasma PTH concentrations in hemodialysis patients. The CANFIS was constructed with clinical parameters (patient age, plasma albumin, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and calcium-phosphorus product) from a cohort of hemodialysis patients, and plasma PTH concentration measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) was the supervised outcome. The accuracy of the CANFIS was prospectively compared with RIA in another hospital. Plasma PTH concentrations measured by RIA and predicted by CANFIS were 179.04 ± 38.18 ng/l and 179.34 ± 37.76 ng/l, respectively (p = 0.15). The CANFIS was able to precisely estimate plasma PTH concentrations in hemodialysis patients. These results suggest that the neuro-fuzzy technology, based on limited clinical parameters, is an excellent alternative to RIA for accurately predicting plasma PTH concentration in hemodialysis patients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K)
Case Report
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Akira Horikawa, Naohisa Miyakoshi, Hiroyuki Kodama, Yoichi Shimada2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 89-93
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーInsufficiency fracture is a type of stress fracture that occurs when stress is applied to the bone with less than the normal elastic resistance, as in osteoporosis. Insufficiency fracture of the sternum is rare among all kinds of fractures. We describe two cases with insufficiency fractures of the sternum secondary to osteoporosis and thoracic kyphotic deformity. Both of the present cases, a 76-year-old woman and a 65-year-old woman, presented with severe anterior chest pain simulating myocardial infarction. However, cardiopulmonary examinations including chest radiographs, electrocardiograms, and laboratory tests were normal. Lateral radiographs of the sternum in both patients showed insufficiency fractures of the sternum. Conservative treatment with rib bandaging/bracing and analgesics relieved their symptoms. Clinical behavior, type of sternal insufficiency fractures, and mechanism of the fracture are reviewed from perusal of the literature. We emphasize that sternal insufficiency fracture should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute chest pain in the elderly along with myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K)
Letters to the Editor
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Saadet Mercimek-Mahmutoglu, Sylvia Stockler-Ipsiroglu2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 95-96
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (114K) -
Keisuke Wakusawa, Kazuhiro Haginoya2007 年 211 巻 1 号 p. 97
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2006/12/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (96K)
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