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27 巻 (2010)
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27 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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研究レビュー
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万尾 達徳2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 303-313
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーHigh efficiency refrigerator have been developed. For energy saving that is concerned with against global warming, performance enhancement of vapor compression refrigerator is required in field of air condition and refrigeration facility. In this paper, a review of recent performance enhancement technologies for the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is presented. This review contains high performance cycles of large sized centrifugal chiller, small to middle sized chiller and packaged air conditioner. Moreover, researches and developments of the refrigeration cycle recovering throttling loss, applications of ejector to boost in compressor suction pressure and to recirculate vapor refrigerant in the evaporator for heat transfer enhancement, and applications of expander to employ expansion work for compression work, are reviewed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3635K)
論文
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松村 邦仁, 神永 文人2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 315-325
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーNucleate boiling of binary mixtures is of particular importance in a various industries. The purpose of the present study is to provide experimental data and prediction method for nucleate boiling heat transfer of anti-freeze solutions, Propylene-glycol (PG)/water and Ethylene-glycol (EG)/water. The pool nucleate boiling experiments were carried out under a saturated and atmospheric condition. The platinum wire of 0.3 mm diameter was used as the heating surface. The mole fractions of solutions are varied from 0.85 to 1. It was found that the heat transfer coefficient gradually decreases with increasing fraction of anti-freeze to water. It was also shown that a small addition of propylene-glycol and ethylene-glycol also decreases the CHF value far below that of pure water. It is concluded that the correlation proposed by Fujita for several binary mixtures can well predict the heat transfer coefficients within almost ±5% accuracy for every concentration of present anti-freeze solutions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1762K) -
井上 宏志, 松隈 伸悟, 金 偉力, 岡野 浩志, 寺岡 靖剛, 広瀬 勉2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 327-337
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーDesiccant rotors with different water vapor adsorption properties were fabricated by the synthesis of silica gels inside the honeycomb matrices. Dynamic dehumidification performances of the rotors were measured under different conditions and they were discussed in relation to water vapor adsorption isotherms. At the reactivation air temperatures of 80 and 140 oC, the best dynamic performance was observed with the rotor on which the adsorbed amount of water vapor at lower relative humidity was highest. When the reactivation air temperature was 50 oC, on the other hand, the rotor of which the isotherm exhibited monotonic and nearly linear increase up to higher relative humidity was the most suitable. The normalized changes of absolute humidity and adsorbed amount were defined, and these phenomena were analyzed. When the dependences of both parameters against the relative humidity were similar, the rotor showed the best dehumidification performance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1543K) -
Fu Wing YU, Kwok Tai CHAN2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 339-346
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーThis study investigates how the environmental performance of water-cooled chiller systems can be optimized by applying load-based speed control to all the system components. New chiller and cooling tower models were developed using a transient systems simulation program called TRNSYS 15 in order to assess the electricity and water consumption of a chiller plant operating for a building cooling load profile. The chiller model was calibrated using manufacturer's performance data and used to analyze the coefficient of performance when the design and control of chiller components are changed. The NTU-effectiveness approach was used for the cooling tower model to consider the heat transfer effectiveness at various air-to-water flow ratios and to identify the makeup water rate. Applying load-based speed control to the cooling tower fans and pumps could save an annual plant operating cost by around 15% relative to an equivalent system with constant speed configurations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (803K) -
Koji FUMOTO, Masahiro KAWAJI, Tsuyoshi KAWANAMI2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 347-354
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーPhase change emulsion (PCE) is a novel fluid used for heat storage and transfer. It has the following characteristics: higher apparent specific heat and higher heat transfer ability in the phase-change temperature range as compared to the conventional single-phase heat transfer fluids. In particular, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are latent heat storage materials that have low melting points, thus offering attractive opportunities for heat transfer enhancement and thermal energy transportation and storage. In this paper, milky white oil-in-water emulsions have been formed using water, Tween 80, Span 80, and tetradecane by low-energy emulsification methods (e.g., the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method). The relations between the component ratios of the emulsions and both the particle diameters and the stability of the resulting emulsions have been determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and vibration viscometry. The results show that the apparent viscosity of the nanoemulsion is lower than that of an emulsion, which was prepared with the same mixing ratio of surfactant and concentration of phase change material. Moreover, the surfactant concentration is found to contribute to the stability of the phase change nanoemulsion. Results indicate that the phase change nanoemulsion is a promising material for thermal storage applications.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (975K) -
Ryohei YOKOYAMA, Yasuhiro KOHNO, Tetsuya WAKUI, Kazuhisa TAKEMURA2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 355-364
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーAir-to-water heat pumps using CO2 as a refrigerant have been developed. In addition, water heating systems each of which combines a CO2 heat pump with a hot water storage tank have been commercialized and widespread. They are expected to contribute to energy saving in residential hot water supply. It has become more and more important to enhance the system performance. In this paper, the performance of a CO2 heat pump water heating system is analyzed under a daily change in a simulated hot water demand by numerical simulation. A static model of a CO2 heat pump and a dynamic model of a storage tank result in a set of differential algebraic equations, and it is solved numerically by a hierarchical combination of Runge-Kutta and Newton-Raphson methods. Daily changes in the temperature distributions in the storage tank and the system performance criteria such as volumes of stored and unused hot water, coefficient of performance, and storage and system efficiencies are clarified under a series of daily hot water demands during a month.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (909K) -
Yi PENG, Zhiwei WANG, Zhonghe ZHANG, Wei CAO, Peng LI2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 365-374
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーThe energy efficiency standard value of the ground water heat pump air-conditioning system is the benchmar parameter for energy saving operation and control of the system. According to each loop's process energy consumption of the system, the control equation of energy efficiency standard value of the water source side loop, heat pump unit and user side loop is established respectively. The dynamic characteristics of the standard value variation with the air-conditioning hourly heating and cooling load is revealed, and the energy efficiency standard value of each loop can be also obtained, and the qualitative sensitivity analysis of the dynamic characteristics in each subsystem is carried out. For system energy saving operation and control, the basic data and theoretical guidance can be provided.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (937K) -
Tomoaki SATO, Yoshinori TAKAISHI, Kosei OGUCHI2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 375-381
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーThe kinematic viscosity defined as a ratio of viscosity to density is one of the key properties in producing technically important dimensionless numbers such as Prandtl and Reynolds numbers. We measured both viscosity and density of R134a/POE and R134a/PAG mixtures at saturation in the range of relatively low oilconcentrations. The density measurements for oil-concentrations up to 50 mass% were conducted with a densimeter making use of glass buoys within overall uncertainty of ±1.0%, and the viscosity measurements for oil-concentrations up to 16 mass% were carried out with an oscillating-cup viscometer making use of polarizer with overall uncertainty less than ±3.5%. The kinematic viscosities obtained from the experimental viscosity and density data are presented for both R134a/POE and R134a/PAG mixtures in the range of temperatures from 278 K to 288 K for oil-concentrations up to 15 mass%. The oil-concentration dependence of the kinematic viscosity for both mixtures is also reported.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (579K) -
Naoya MAKIMOTO, Keishi KARIYA, Shigeru KOYAMA2010 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 383-392
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/01/26
ジャーナル フリーThe cycle performance of adsorption cooling system depends on the thermophysical properties of the adsorbent/refrigerant pair and configuration of the adsorber/desorber heat exchanger. In this study, a twodimensional analysis is carried out in order to clarify the performance of the finned tube type adsorber/desorber heat exchanger using a highly porous activated carbon powder (ACP)/ethanol pair. The simulation results show that the average cooling capacity per unit volume of adsorber/desorber heat exchanger and coefficient of performance (COP) can be improved by optimizing fin thickness, fin height, fin pitch and tube diameter. The performance of a single stage adsorption cooling system using ACP/ethanol pair is also compared with that of activated carbon fiber (ACF)/ethanol pair. It is found that the cooling capacities of each adsorbent/refrigerant pair increase with the decrease of adsorption/desorption time and the cooling capacity of ACP/ethanol pair is approximately 2.5 times as much as that of ACF/ethanol pair. It is also shown that COP of ACP/ethanol pair is superior to that of ACF/ethanol pair.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1107K)
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