Journal of the Horological Institute of Japan

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1987 Volume 120 Pages Cover1-
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1987 Volume 120 Pages Cover2-
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_Cover2

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Development of Pressure Sensor for Citizen Depth Meter

Tatsuo NITTA

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 1-16
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_1

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By use of semiconductor pressure sensors, we have successfully developed a pressure sensor for the Citizen Depth Meter, which satisfies all the necessary conditions to be equipped in watches. This pressure sensor is formed very compact, 6.35 mm in diameter and 2.5 mm in thickness, and is very accurate. Therefore, a deapth measuring function with high accuracy which has not been available until now can be introduced into watches for the first time.

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A Quartz Analog Wristwatch with an Electric Generating System

Tomozumi SARUWATARI, Hitoshi IKEDA, Kazuo NOJIRI

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 17-27
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_17

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This paper describes the world's first quartz analog wrist-watch equipped with an electric generating systdm, which we call Caliber 8T23. In this generating system, electrical energy generated by winding a crown is stored in a capacitor, and which drives the wristwatch without necessity of battery exchange. The Caliber 8T23 is realized by development of the generating system and stepping motor which can operate with low power consumption and in wide range of driving voltage.

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High Speed Rotation of Mechanical Watch Gearing

Masatoshi TOYAMA, Chikashi OTANI

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 28-39
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_28

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Usually the gearing of mechanical watch rotates regularly but by accident, for example, when connection between gear and axle is separated, then it begins to rotate rapidly at a very high speed. This phenomenon is discussed about SEIKO SPORTSMAN SEVENTEEN (mechanical watch for gentlemen) in which transmitting gearing is removed and only indicating gearing (from movement to date indicator) is reserved. The angular velocity is measured by means of optical method and relations betwden angular displacement and angular velocity, etc. are obtained. Furthermore, they are investigated theoretically. Conclusions are : 1. Angular velocity of movement barrel; Mazimum value is about 560 rps when mainspring is wound up by 6 times. Angular velocity ω as function of angular displacement θ is obtained. 2. Angular velocity of hour wheel; Maximum value is about 3900 rps when mainspring is wound up by 6 times. 3. Number of winding up of mainspring and angular displacement of movement barrel ; Angular displacement in number of rotation is about 2 or 3 times larger than number of winding up. 4. Slipping between center wheel pinion and cannon pinion is observed.

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Development of Automatic Generating Mechanism for Quartz Watches

Shoichi NAGAO, Naoaki YASUKAWA, Masashi YOSHINO

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 40-48
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_40

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This paper concerns a new energy system for quartz watches which eliminates the necessity of battery exchange forever. Up to the present, various technical ideas about such an energy system have been proposed, but it is only the solar system which has been put into practical use so far. Now, we have realized an electrical generating system using a ultra-small automatic generator which converts rotational energy into electrical energy. The rotational energy is generated by an oscillating weight which is made to rotate by movement of the user's arm. This paper describes the operating principles of this new system and the theoretical analysis of this electrical generating mechanism.

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Frequency Temperature Characteristics of Flexural-Torsional Mode Tuning Fork Type Quartz Crystal Resonator

Hirofumi KAWASHIMA

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 49-63
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_49

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It is well known that a flexural-torsional quartz crystal resonator which couples a torsional mode vibration to a flexural one has a cubic curve in frequency temperature characteristics as well as an AT-cut quartz crystal resonator. This paper describes the frequency temperature characteristics of a tuning fork type quartz crystal resonator which couples the torsional mode vibration to the flexural one and the estimated results of the various constants for the resonator manufactured for trial experiments. First, a secular equation coupled the torsional mode vibration to the flexural one, is calculated. From the secular equation, frequency temperature characteristics for the flexural-torsional mode tuning fork type resonator have been theoretically analized, namely, concerning a relationship of the resonant frequency, the frequency temperature coefficients versus thickness, a normalized frequncy, and a cut angle. Next, the calculated values are compared with the experimental ones by manufacturing tuning fork type flexural-torsional quartz crystal resonators. At the same time, the various constants of the resonators manufactured for trial experiments are estimated. As a result, it is confirmed that tuning fork type flexural-torsional quartz crystal resonators with excellent frequency temperature characteristics, low crystal impedance, and a high quarity factor are realized.

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Preparation and Characteristics of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Thin Films by RF-Magnetron Sputtering

Yuuichi HATANO, Eiji ITOH, Hitoshi TSUNEYAMA, Masanori OHYAMA

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 64-77
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_64

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In this paper, the transparent and conductive thin films of ITO (5 wt% S_nO_2 doped) were prepared by rf-magnetron sputtering. In order to investigate the characteristics of ITO films which have been used in liquid crystal cells and solar batteries, each of ITO films was made less than l000 A in thickness. Film structure, optical properties, and oxidation process were investigated. We have obtained low electrical resistivity (1.3×1O^(-3)-6.6×10(-4)Ω-cm) and high transmission (>90 %) after heat treatment (450℃ in 30 min.). The post-oxidation anealing behavior was studied by means of the conductivity measurements. The structural change and the oxidation process of ITO thin films were definitely observed.

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[title in Japanese]

Toshihide SAMEJIMA

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 78-108
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_78

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

Article type: Article
1987 Volume 120 Pages 109-128
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_109

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 120 Pages 133-
Published: March 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 09, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20805/tokeieafj.120.0_133_2

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