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Volume 35, Issue 11
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[in Japanese]1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 863-864
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (333K) -
From Empirical View Points to Medical Scientific PrescriptionYuzo Sato1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 865-871
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1292K) -
Effect of Continuous Administration in Rats Fed on a High Sucrose DietShigeru Wakabayashi, Yuka Ueda, Akira Matsuoka1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 873-880
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is widely acknowledged that glucose tolerance is greatly affected by nutritional components, particularly the type and quantity of carbohydrates as a major energy source.
In the present study we examined the effect of a newly developed, low viscosity, water-soluble dietary fiber (Indigestible Dextrin: PF-C), a concentrated and purified heat-treated potato starch dextrin, on various aspects of glucose tolerance in rats fed on a high sucrose diet supplemented with or without PF-C for 9 weeks.
Five-week-old male rats were kept for 9 weeks on a stock diet, a high sucrose diet or a PF-C-supplemented high sucrose diet. At the 8th week an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted. The increases in both plasma glucose and insulin levels after glucose (1.5g/kg body weight) loading were higher in the high sucrose-fed rats than in stock diet-fed rats. However, in the PF-C-fed rats impairment of glucose tolerance by the high sucrose diet was prevented.
At 9th week, in order to evaluate the effect of PF-C on sucrose absorption, an experiment was performed using an intesinal perfusion technique in situ. Sucrose absorption was significantly reduced in the PF-C-fed rats compared with the high sucrose-fed rats. Further, intestinal mucosal sucrase activity was significantly lower in the PF-C-fed rats than in the high sucrose-fed rats.
Moreover, accumulation of total body fat was significantly reduced with PF-C feeding, regardless of changes in body weight.
These findings suggest that PF-C prevents a progressive decrease in glucose tolerance by preventing a high sucrose diet from causing obesity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1496K) -
Yoshio Ban, Yoshio Morita, Matsuo Taniyama, Kenji Kushima, Hideo Hara, ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 881-884
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThrombomodulin is a glycoprotein located on the surface of vascular endothelial cells. Reccent investigations have revealed that plasma thrombomodulin levels are higher in patients with diabetic complications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy on plasma thrombomodulin levels. We measured the plasma thromobomodulin levels in 72 diabetic patients with various states of nephropathy and retinopathy, respectively. In patients with proliferative retinopathy, the thromobomodulin levels were higher in patients with nephropathy than in those without (5.8±0.5 vs.3.8±0.2, P<0.01). Except for in patients with just a short duration of diabetes or patients with nephropathy, there were no significant differences in plasma thromobomodulin levels between patients with proliferative retinopathy, background retinopathy or no retinopathy. In patients without diabetic complications, those patients with a long duration (more than 5years) of diabetes showed higher plasma thrombomodulin levels than those with only a short duration (less than 5years) of diabetes (3.8±0.2 vs. 3.1±0.2, P<0.02).
These results suggest that nephropathy increases plasma thrombomodulin levels, whereas retinopathy does not. The plasma thrombomodulin level increases as the duration of diabetes increases and before microvascular complications become overt.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
Eiji Kawasaki, Hirofumi Takino, Shigeo Uotani, Shinichiro Okuno, Yukio ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 885-891
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the clinical significance of autoantibodies to 64, 000-Mr islet cell protein (64Kantibodies) in patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with positive islet cell antibodies (ICA), ICA and 64K antibodies were assayed in 48 IDDM patients with a disease duration of more than 5 years. ICA were detected in 17 (35.4%) of 48 IDDM patients. Ages at onset of ICA positive IDDM (28.1±13.5y.o.) were significantly higher than those of ICA negative patients (17.3±10.3y.o.). The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in ICA positive patients was significantly higher than that in ICA negative patients (12/17 vs 8/31; p<0.01). 64K antibodies were detected in 15 of 15 ICA positive patients and 3 of 31 ICA negative patients, and the prevalence of patients positive for 64K antibodies was significantly higher in ICA positive patients (p<0.001). In ICA positive patients, the higher levels of 64K antibodies were observed in patients who had higher ICA titer. These results demonstrate that long-standing IDDM patients with positive ICA were also positive for 64K antibodies, and this patient group may compose a subtype of IDDM.View full abstractDownload PDF (2384K) -
Kenichi Suzuki, Takeshi Oyama, Ynshio Goto, Masahiro Matsumoto, Takayo ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 893-898
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of nerve fiber conduction velocities (DCVs) dirived from the median nerves of 13 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, aged 46.5±2.8years, with mild or no symptoms or signs of polyneuropathy were compared with DCVs from 10 control subjedts, aged 36.3±5.6years. This technique in non-invasive and in based upon the analysis of two compound action potentials recorded from the same electrodes. The following results were obtained: 1) DCVs in the control subjects were unimodal, with theri peak deviated to faster conduction velocities. Although DCVs in the diabetic patients showed a unimodal pattern, the peak deivated to slower conduction velocities. 2) DCVs in the diabetic patients showed significantly reduced V10, V90, V mean, and V peak velocities and a significantly wider spread of conduction velocities than those in the normal subjects. The present study suggests that the DCV analyses may be able to show abnormalities that would not be detected using standard conduction velocity measurement techniques.View full abstractDownload PDF (889K) -
Tsutomu Kanda, Tomonobu Satoh, Makoto Iwasaki, Mariko Kurotobi, Noriyo ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 899-907
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have investigated the serum 1, 5-Anhydroglucitol (AG) level, a new marker of glycemic control reflecting urinary glucose excretion, in patients with liver cirrhosis frequently complicated with diabetes mellitus. Serum AG levels in cirrhotic patients were lower than in healthy control subjects but higher than in diabetic patients. When cirrhotic patients were classified into three subgroups, normal type, borderline type and diabetic type according to 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test, serum AG levels in the diabetic subgroup were lower than in normal and borderline groups, while there was no significant difference between normal, borderline and healthy control subjects. In the diabetic subgroup, serum AG levels were found to correlate only with the indices of glycemic control. However, in the normal and borderline, having no excretion of urinary glucose, serum AG levels correlated with reduced liver function.
These observations indicate that the serum AG level is diminished in cirrhotic patients with diabetes mellitus, but that in those without diabetes mellitus low serum AG levels might imply increased hepatic dysfunction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1380K) -
Tetsuya Babazono, Satoshi Teraoka, Osamu Tomonaga, Kaori Yano, Munehir ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 909-917
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied pancreatic endocrine functions in four insulin-dependent diabetic patients (30-37 years) undergoing pancreas transplantation (PTX) between December, 1990 and May, 1991.
Two patients received simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, while the other two patients underwent PTX after they had undergone kidney transplantation. Although the pancreatic grafts were obtained from cadaveric donors after cardiac standstill, immediate secretion of intrinsic insulin was recorded after revascularization of the pancreatic graft. They showed normal or near normal 24-hour profiles for plasma glucose (M value ranged from 0.1 to 22.5) without exogenous insulin administration, which resulted in an acute reduction of hemoglobin A1c from the pre-PTX value of 8.5±1.0% to 5.0 ± 1.2% one month after the PTX. Basal levels of serum insulin and C-peptide, and basal plasma glucagon concentrations were 29.4 ± 12.0μU/ml, 6.1± 2.0ng/ml, and 138 ± 24pg/ml, respectively, each of which was significantly higher than normal individuals. The hyperinsulinemia and the hyperglucagonemia were considered to be due mainly to the systemic delivery of pancreatic venous blood rather than physiological delivery into the portal system, and partly to steroid administration and relatively impaired renal function.
From these results, we conclude that PTX is an effective therapeutic modality for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.View full abstractDownload PDF (4106K) -
Masato Takagi, Kenzi Ohe, Isao Okada, Yoshiaki Ikeda, Yasuo Ohshima, T ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 919-924
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 64-year-old female suffering from rheumatoid arthritis since age 53 and having a history of predonisolone treatment in earlier years was newly diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus at age 59. Her diabetes had been treated first with oral hypoglycemic agents, and later with insulin. At the age of 64, she was admitted to a near by hospital in a precoma state (plasma glucose 727 mg/dl) following upper respiratory infection, and was transferred to our hospital because of uncontrolled diabetes. During this hospitalization, urinary C-peptide levels were below the detectable limit of the assay. Islet cell antibody (ICA) and complement fixing ICA (CF-ICA) were positive, while islet cell surface antibody (ICSA) was negative. The former two autoantibodies remained positive throughout the observation period of 1 year. From the above results, this case seems to be compatible with slowly progressive IDDM. The Japanese literature reveals that, over age 60, newly diagnosed IDDM is rare in Japan. The clinical features of the 20 patients, including ours, suggest that these patients may be subdivided into two groups of acute onset and slowly progressive IDDM, with about half showing slowly progressive IDDM. Furthermore, our case provides further information on the clinical features and pathogenesis of advanced age onset IDDM.View full abstractDownload PDF (898K) -
Tetsuya Masuda, Akira Shimada, Koichi Kido, Izumi Takei, Hiroshi Maruy ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 925-930
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis, accompanied by electrocardiographic changes suggesting acute pericarditis. A53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. On admission, transient ST-T elevation indicative of acute pericarditis was noted on the electrocardiogram. Ischemic heart disease was ruled out because serum GOT, GPT and CPK levels, echocardiography and cardiac scintigraphy were normal. On the basis of our literature search, there has been only one report to date of acute pericarditis complicating diabetic ketoacidosis in Japan. It is important to recognize the possibility of acute pericarditis at the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (3160K) -
Makio Yamashita, Hitoshi Yasuda, Takashi Hisanaga, Masanobu Sonobe, To ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 11 Pages 931-934
Published: November 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the effects of vasodilators on decreased nerve conduction velocity and nerve blood flow in diabetic rats, prostaglandin E1 analogue (OP-1206), aminophylline and trimentazidine hydrochloride were given daily to streptozocin-induced diabetic rats via gastric tubing for 5 weeks. At the end of the experiment, nerve conduction velocity and blood flow (by the laser-Doppler method) were measured on the sciatic nerve. All vasodilator-treated groups showed significant amelioration in velocity and flow compared with the untreated group.
Unlike OP-1206, which has been shown to have direct effects on nerve fibers of diabetic rats, at least trimetazidine hydrochloride, which has not been reported to have direct effects on nerve fibers, was thought to improve dereased nerve conduction by increasing nerve blood flow. These results suggest that vasodilators are able to improve nerve dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy independently of a direct metabolic mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (522K)
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