IEICE Transactions on Communications
Online ISSN : 1745-1345
Print ISSN : 0916-8516
Volume E99.B, Issue 10
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
Special Section on Satellite Communication Technologies in Conjunction with Main Topics of JC-SAT2015
  • Morio TOYOSHIMA
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2112
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Nobuyuki KAWAI, Satoshi IMATA
    Article type: INVITED PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2113-2120
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Along with remarkable advancement of radiocommunication services including satellite services, the radio-frequency spectrum and geostationary-satellite orbit are getting congested. WRC-15 was held in November 2015 to study and implement efficient use of those natural resources. There were a number of satellite-related agenda items associated with frequency allocation, new usages of satellite communications and satellite regulatory issues. This paper overviews the outcome from these agenda items of WRC-15 as well as the agenda items for the next WRC (i.e. the WRC-19).

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  • Kazuyoshi SHOGEN, Masashi KAMEI, Susumu NAKAZAWA, Shoji TANAKA
    Article type: PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2121-2127
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    The indexes of the degradation of C/N, ΔT/T and I/N, which can be converted from one to another, are used to evaluate the impact of interference on the satellite link. However, it is not suitable to intuitively understand how these parameters degrade the quality of services. In this paper, we propose to evaluate the impact of interference on the performance of BSS (Broadcasting Satellite Services) in terms of the increase rate of the outage time caused by the rain attenuation. Some calculation results are given for the 12GHz band BSS in Japan.

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  • Eisuke HARAGUCHI, Hitomi ONO, Junya NISHIOKA, Toshiyuki ANDO, Masateru ...
    Article type: PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2128-2135
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    To provide a satellite communication system with high reliability for social infrastructure, building flexible beam adapting to change of communication traffic is necessary. Optical Beam Forming Network has the capability of broadband transmission and small light construction. However, in space environment, there are concerns that the reception efficiency is reduced by the relative phase error of receiving signal among antenna elements with temperature fluctuation. To prevent this, we control relative phase among received signals with optical phase locked loop. In this paper, we propose the active optical phased array system using multi dither heterodyning technique for receiving OBF, and present experimental results under temperature fluctuation. We evaluated the stability of relative phase among 3 elements for temperature fluctuation at multiplexer from -15 to 45℃, and checked the stability of PLL among 3 elements.

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  • Seunggoo NAM, Boyoung LEE, Beyoungyoun KOH, Changsoo KWAK, Juseop LEE
    Article type: PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2136-2145
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    This paper presents a K-band fully reconfigurable waveguide resonator filter with a new negative coupling structure. A pair of transmission zeros as well as the center frequency and bandwidth of the presented filter can be adjusted. The filter adopts the concept of a frequency-tunable coupling resonator in designing the coupling structure, which allows for controlling the coupling coefficient. All coupling values in the filter structure can be tuned by adjusting the resonant frequency of each frequency-tunable coupling resonator. This work also presents a design method in detail for the coupling resonator with a negative coupling coefficient. In addition, the approach for separating the resonant peak produced by the coupling resonator with a negative coupling value from the passband for the purpose of improving the stopband performance is described. For verifying the presented filter structure, a fourth-order waveguide filter has been fabricated and measured. The fabricated filter has the center frequency tuning range from 18.34GHz to 18.75GHz, the bandwidth tuning ratio of 1.94 : 1.

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  • Eiji OKAMOTO, Hiroyuki TSUJI
    Article type: PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2146-2155
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    In satellite/terrestrial integrated mobile communication systems (STICSs), a user terminal directly connects both terrestrial and satellite base stations. STICS enables expansion of service areas and provides a robust communication service for large disasters. However, the cell radius of the satellite system is large (approximately 100km), and thus a capacity enhancement of the satellite subsystem for accommodating many users is needed. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an application of two methods — multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission using multi-satellites and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for STICS — to realize the performance improvement in terms of system capacity and user fairness. Through numerical simulations, we show that system capacity and user fairness are increased by the proposed scheme that applies the two methods.

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  • Sotheara SAY, Mohamad Erick ERNAWAN, Shigeru SHIMAMOTO
    Article type: PAPER
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2156-2167
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    Sensor networks are often used to understand underlying phenomena that are reflected through sensing data. In real world applications, this understanding supports decision makers attempting to access a disaster area or monitor a certain event regularly and thus necessary actions can be triggered in response to the problems. Practitioners designing such systems must overcome difficulties due to the practical limitations of the data and the fidelity of a network condition. This paper explores the design of a network solution for the data acquisition domain with the goal of increasing the efficiency of data gathering efforts. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is introduced to address various real-world sensor network challenges such as limited resources, lack of real-time representative data, and mobility of a relay station. Towards this goal, we introduce a novel cooperative path selection framework to effectively collect data from multiple sensor sources. The framework consists of six main parts ranging from the system initialization to the UAV data acquisition. The UAV data acquisition is useful to increase situational awareness or used as inputs for data manipulation that support response efforts. We develop a system-based simulation that creates the representative sensor networks and uses the UAV for collecting data packets. Results using our proposed framework are analyzed and compared to existing approaches to show the efficiency of the scheme.

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Regular Section
  • Yumei WANG, Jiawei LIANG, Hao WANG, Eiji OKI, Lin ZHANG
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Fundamental Theories for Communications
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2168-2178
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    Advance online publication: April 12, 2016
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    In 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems, when HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat request) retransmission is invoked, the data at the transmitter are retransmitted randomly or sequentially regardless of their relationship to the wrongly decoded data. Such practice is inefficient since precious transmission resources will be spent to retransmit data that may be of no use in error correction at the receiver. This paper proposes an incremental redundancy HARQ scheme based on Error Position Estimating Coding (ePec) and LDPC (Low Density Parity Check Code) channel coding, which is called ePec-LDPC HARQ. The proposal is able to feedback the wrongly decoded code blocks within a specific MAC (Media Access Control) PDU (Protocol Data Unit) from the receiver. The transmitter gets the feedback information and then performs targeted retransmission. That is, only the data related to the wrongly decoded code blocks are retransmitted, which can improve the retransmission efficiency and thus reduce the retransmission overload. An enhanced incremental redundancy LDPC coding approach, called EIR-LDPC, together with a physical layer framing method, is developed to implement ePec-LDPC HARQ. Performance evaluations show that ePec-LDPC HARQ reduces the overall transmission resources by 15% compared to a conventional LDPC HARQ scheme. Moreover, the average retransmission times of each MAC PDU and the transmission delay are also reduced considerably.

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  • Chunyang LEI, Hongxia BIE, Gengfa FANG, Markus MUECK, Xuekun ZHANG
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Network
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2179-2186
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    Advance online publication: May 11, 2016
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    Channel state estimation-based backoff algorithms for channel access are being widely studied to solve wireless channel accessing and sharing problem especially in super dense wireless networks. In such algorithms, the precision of the channel state estimation determines the performance. How to make the estimation accurate in an efficient way to meet the system requirements is essential in designing the new channel access algorithms. In this paper, we first study the distribution and properties of inaccurate estimations using a novel biased estimation analysis model. We then propose an efficient backoff algorithm based on the theory of confidence interval estimation (BA-CIE), in which the minimum sample size is deduced to improve the contention window tuning efficiency, while a fault-tolerance interval structure is applied to reduce the inaccurate estimations so as to improve the contention window tuning accuracy. Our simulation results show that the throughput of our proposed BA-CIE algorithm can achieve 99% the theoretical maximum throughput of IEEE 802.11 networks, thanks to the improved contention window tuning performance.

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  • Ryoji YAMAUCHI, Takeshi FUKUSAKO
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Antennas and Propagation
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2187-2194
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    Advance online publication: April 19, 2016
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    An L-shaped probe with a surrounding aperture such as a waveguide can generate circular polarization (CP) waves. Circular waveguide antennas using an L-shaped probe have broadband characteristics both in axial ratio (AR) and in input impedance, however cross-polarization (XPOL) is easily generated due to its asymmetrical structure resulting in a radiation pattern that has narrow CP azimuth range. In this paper, design techniques to reduce the XPOL generated from a circular waveguide antenna using an L-shaped probe are proposed. As a result, XPOL is reduced by around 10 dB, and CP is radiated over a wide angle range of 120-150° covering frequencies from 7.35 to 9.75GHz.

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  • Takashi YANAGI, Toru FUKASAWA, Hiroaki MIYASHITA
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Antennas and Propagation
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2195-2202
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    Advance online publication: April 22, 2016
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    In this paper, a measurement method for the impedance and mutual coupling of multi-antennas that we have proposed is summarized. Impedance and mutual coupling characteristics are obtained after reducing the influence of the coaxial cables by synthesizing the measured S-parameters under the condition that unbalanced currents on the outside of the coaxial cables are canceled at feed points. We apply the proposed method to two closely positioned monopole antennas mounted on a small ground plane and demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method by simulation and experiment. The proposed method is significantly better in terms of the accuracy of the mutual coupling data. In the presented case, the errors at the resonant frequency of the antennas are only 0.5dB in amplitude and 1.8° in phase.

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  • Yonghui ZHAI, Ding WANG, Jiang WU, Shengheng LIU
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Wireless Communication Technologies
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2203-2211
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    Considering that existing clutter cancellation methods process information either in the time domain or in the spatial domain, this paper proposes a new clutter cancellation method that utilizes joint multi-domain information for passive radar. Assuming that there is a receiving array at the surveillance channel, firstly we propose a multi-domain information clutter cancellation model by constructing a time domain weighted matrix and a spatial weighted vector. Secondly the weighted matrix and vector can be updated adaptively utilizing the constant modulus constraint. Finally the weighted matrix is derived from the principle of optimal filtering and the recursion formula of weighted vector is obtained utilizing the Gauss-Newton method. Making use of the information in both time and spatial domain, the proposed method attenuates the noise and residual clutter whose directions are different from that of the target echo. Simulation results prove that the proposed method has higher clutter attenuation (CA) compared with the traditional methods in the low signal to noise ratio condition, and it also improves the detection performance of weak targets.

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  • Daiki CHO, Shusuke NARIEDA
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Wireless Communication Technologies
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2212-2220
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
    Advance online publication: April 08, 2016
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    This paper presents a weighted diversity combining technique for the cyclostationarity detection based spectrum sensing of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals in cognitive radio. In cognitive radio systems, secondary users must detect the desired signal in an extremely low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment. In such an environment, multiple antenna techniques (space diversity) such as maximum ratio combining are not effective because the energy of the target signal is also extremely weak, and it is difficult to synchronize some received signals. The cyclic autocorrelation function (CAF) is used for traditional cyclostationarity detection based spectrum sensing. In the presented technique, the CAFs of the received signals are combined, while the received signals themselves are combined with general space diversity techniques. In this paper, the value of the CAF at peak and non-peak cyclic frequencies are computed, and we attempt to improve the sensing performance by using different weights for each CAF value. The results were compared with those from conventional methods and showed that the presented technique can improve the spectrum sensing performance.

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  • Yu ZHAO, Xihong CHEN, Lunsheng XUE, Jian LIU, Zedong XIE
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Wireless Communication Technologies
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2221-2227
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    In this paper, we present the channel estimation (CE) problem in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OFDM/OQAM). Most CE methods rely on the assumption of a low frequency selective channel to tackle the problem in a way similar to OFDM. However, these methods would result in a severe performance degradation of the channel estimation when the assumption is not quite inaccurate. Instead, we focus on estimating the channel impulse response (CIR) itself which makes no assumption on the degree of frequency selectivity of the channels. After describing the main idea of this technique, we present an iterative CE method that does not require zero-value guard symbols in the preamble and consequently improves the spectral efficiency. This is done by the iterative estimation of the unknown transmitted data adjacent to the preamble. Analysis and simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed method in multipath fading channels.

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  • Namsik YOO, Jong-Hyen BAEK, Kyungchun LEE
    Article type: PAPER
    Subject area: Wireless Communication Technologies
    2016 Volume E99.B Issue 10 Pages 2228-2235
    Published: October 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2016
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    In this paper, an iterative robust minimum-mean square error (MMSE) receiver for space-time block coding (STBC) is proposed to mitigate the performance degradations caused by channel state information (CSI) errors. The proposed scheme estimates an instantaneous covariance matrix of the effective noise, which includes additive white Gaussian noise and the effect of CSI errors. For this estimation, multiple solution candidate vectors are selected based on the distances between the MMSE estimate of the solution and the constellation points, and their a-posteriori probabilities are utilized to execute the estimation of the covariance matrix. To improve the estimation accuracy, the estimated covariance matrix is updated iteratively. Simulation results show that proposed robust receiver achieves substantial performance gains in terms of bit error rates as compared to conventional receiver schemes under CSI errors.

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