Sen'i Kikai Gakkaishi (Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan)

Supermolecular Structure, Physical Properties, and Dyeability of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fiber Spun at Wind-up Speed of 10 and 12km/min

Michitaka Iwata, Kenji Kamide, Tomio Kuriki, Teruhiko Matsuo

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages T245-T256
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_T245

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An attempt was made to investigate the supermolecular structure, the physical properties and the dyeability of as-spun poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filaments spun at 10 and 12km/min as compared with the results of our previous studies which concerned as-spun PET filament spun at below 9km/min . The supermolecular structure was evaluated using wide angle X-ray diffraction, interference microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical viscoelasticity. Stress-strain curves were analyzed to evaluate physical properties and dyeability was estimated from the dyeing rate curve for the disperse dye.
The crystal size of as-spun filaments increases significantly with an increase in the spinning velocity V_s from 9 to 12km/min, while the crystallinity remains almost constant in V_s range from 8km/min to 12km/min . The domain of lower molecular packing density in the amorphous region increases with an increase in V_s even above 9km/min, resulting in an increase in the dyeability. The difference in the molecular orientation between peripheral and central parts of a filament also increases with an increase in V_s above 9km/min. The tensile strength is kept to be at the same level in V_s range from 7 to 12km/min.

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Flow Characteristics of an Air Jet Loom with a Modified Reed and Auxiliary Nozzles

Part 2 : Measurements of a High Speed Jet Flow from a Main Nozzle and a Weft Traction Force

Minoru Ishida, Atsushi Okajima

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages T257-T269
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_T257

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In this research, the jet-flow characteristics under the tank pressures of 2∼6kgf/cm² were studied to improve the performance of weft insertion in an air jet loom with a modified reed and auxiliary nozzles. In this case, air-discharge speeds exceed the velocity of sound at higher tank pressures. Furthermore, wefts were actually inserted in the nozzle, and weft traction forces were measured.
As the results, the following new facts have been found :
(1) The axial changes of the nozzle jet speed and jet diameter below the tank pressure at which choking arises at the exit of the acceleration tube are largely different from those above that tank pressure.
(2) The choking arises within the upstream region in the acceleration tube (Mach number=1) and the Mach number at the tube exit exceeds 1.
(3) When the Mach number exceeds 1 at the exit of the acceleration tube, expansion waves occurr owing to underexpansion, and the oscillation of compression and expansion waves can be observed in the downstream region.
(4) The weft traction force F which represents the weft-flying property in a nozzle increases in proportion to the tank pressure P_T, but when the flow is choking at the exit of the acceleration tube, the traction force Fbecomes nearly constant even at higher tank pressures, thus the efficiency of weft insertion becomes reduced .

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Physical Properties of Raw Silk by Direct-reel Cheese Yarn and its Woven Fabric

Etsuko Okonogi, Yoshiro Matsuoka

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages T270-T278
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_T270

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In the direct-reel cheese winding system wetswollen silk yarn from cocoon cooking was dried on the roller quickly at 60°C and the dried yarn was taken directly to the feed roller in the cheese winder. Fabric woven from the yarn made by the direct-reel cheese winding system has excellent physical properties in stiffness, thickness, drape, bulkiness, and elasti-city due to degumming ioss. These excellent properties are also verified in comparison with those from yarn made by the conventional silk reeling method. These experiment proved that direct-reel cheese yarn is much more excellent than the skein.

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[title in Japanese]

T. Shimomura

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P600-P605
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P600

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[title in Japanese]

M. Matsumoto

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P606-P611
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P606

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[title in Japanese]

K. Nabeshima

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P612-P620
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P612

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[title in Japanese]

H. Hirai

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P621-P625
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P621

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[title in Japanese]

H. Ito

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P626-P632
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P626

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[title in Japanese]

H. Tanaka

1992 Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages P633-P640
Published: December 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.45.12_P633

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