In the session of Automotive Display Systems and Applications (Session Code PC1), there were six papers presented. One of them related to VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display) was presented by Futaba Corporation Another paper related to VFD was registered to Audio Systems (PC4A) by Futaba Corporation This year. Delco Electronics presented a very interesting paper regarding New Uses for Head Up Display (HUD). which ill be used for Car Navigation, Cellular Phone. Police Information and Night Vision System.

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We have developed a 5.7^n diagonal color STN-LCD (Super Twisted Nematic - Liquid Crystal Display) for automotive information display driven by MLS (Multi Line Selection) technique. It shows high CR (Contrast Ratio=40 typ.) and relatively fast switching speed (100ms at T=25℃) throughout the wide temperature range and has cost merit compared with TFT-LCDs (Thin Film Transistor - Liquid Crystal Displays). It could be used for the automotive information display like navigation system, traffic information, vehicle diagnostics, and car computer etc.

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In the 4th International Conference on CHARGED PARTICLE OPTICS, the CRT session was newly organized to exchange the technical knowledge and ideas with the other fields of charged particle optics. In this technical report, the pressentations on the CRT (including pick up tubes) are surveyed.

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For high-resolution, multi-scan color CRTs, raster moire pattern damages picture quality significantly. It was found that a small-scale luminance non-uniformity is one of the dominating factors for the moire visibility. Simulated results of moire patterns, considering the non-uniformity, coincided excellently with the observed patterns over the entire CRT face plate.

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This paper describes the driving method for AV TFT-LCD with low voltage source driver. First, we developed analog source driver in low voltage process. Currently the analog source driver which was supplied with 13 voltages produced in middle voltage process, but low voltage driver is only supplied with 5 voltages. It results that, the chip size could be reduced to 60 %. And the power consumption is reduced to 1/3. We must change peripheral circults in order to use low voltage analog driver. 13 voltage operation system has brightness adiustment which was changed by video amplitude. However, 5 voltage operation system is changed by common electrode amplitude. Adiusting brightness change γ correction characteristics at 2 points. It results that, display characteristics becomes better.

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Specular and diffuse reflectances in TFT-LCDs which comprise various polarizer surface conditions, black-matrix (BM) materials and aperture-ratios were measured. It was found that black-matrix materials with a low reflectence, such as the pigment-BM. are effective for reducing both specular and diffuse reflectances. In the case where the anti-glare polarlzer was used in order to reduce the specular reflection of LCDs, it was important to consider the diffuse reflection occuring under bright environmental illumination which reads to a decrease of the contrast ratio.

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We have investigated a photo-leakage-current generation mechanism and tried to reduce it. It has been found that the I_<photo> of an offset poly-Si TFT is mainly generated in an offset region. By optimizing an offset length (about 0.5 μm), we have realized an offset poly-Si TFT with a high mobility (165 cm^2N-s) and a low I_<photo>(2.4×10^-11A at 1.4×10^5 lx). In order to control the offset length, lateral-etching method for the fabrication of a self-allgned offset structure, which we proposed previously, is very useful.

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