VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 35, Issue 4
Displaying 1-29 of 29 articles from this issue
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  • THE ROLE OF VITAMIN A ON THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION : (I) VITAMIN A CONTENTS IN SERUM OF PREGNANT WOMEN
    Tamitsugu IIDA
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 263-271
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_263
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    The fluctuations of vitamin A and carotene levels in serum of normal pregnant women were studied and the resulte were compared with those of non-pregnant and toxemic pregnant women. The placental permeability for vitamin A was also investigated. It was recognized that the individual difference of the carotene levels in serum of normal women was statistically significant, but vitamin A level was not significant. The carotene levels in serum of the normal pregnant women were significantly increased at the 10th month of pregnancy, delivery and 6th day post partum, respectively in comparison with normal women. The vitamin A levels in serum, however, were significantly increased only at delivery. The vitamin A levels in serum of toxemic pregnancy were significantly decreased in comparison with normal pregnancy.
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  • THE ROLE OF VITAMIN A ON THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION : (II) THE REFERENCE OF THE UPTAKE OF THE ^<14>C-LABELLED VITAMIN A IN THE SEVERAL ORGANS OF FEMALE RATS
    Tamitsugu IIDA
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 272-278
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_272
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    Experimental studies on the uptake of ^<14>C-labelled vitamin A in several organs were done for female rats weighing 150-200 g by means of liquid scintillation method. The uptake of vitamin A-^<14>C was investigated on the hypophysis, adrenals, uterus, ovary, blood, liver, intestinal contents, feces and urine at the expected times. The uptake of hypophysis in nonpregnant state was low in comparison with other organs. It was recognized, that the adrenals had the affinity with vitamin A and it was retained for long time. In the ovary and uterus, vitamin A was rapidly expended. The absorption from the intestine was very high and discharge rate in the intestinal contents, feces and urine was low. The placental permeability for vitamin A was better in 14th day than 18th day of pregnancy.
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  • STUDIES ON TRANSKETOLASE : (I) THIAMINE AND TRANSKETOLASE ACTIVITY
    Tadashi OKADA
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 279-289
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_279
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    It was found that the transketolase activity of tissues of internal organs in rat with thiamine deficiency lowers and is recovered by an addition of thiamine diphosphate, in vitro (tentatively named as TDP-effect). In this case, the addition of thiamine hydrochloride to hemolysate or erythrocyte suspension is ineffective for the recovery, while various thiamine derivatives, such as thiamine propyldisulfide cause the recovery of transketolase activity. An administration of oxythiamine to rat for two weeks, causes the decrease of the enzymatic activity in all tissues, except that of brain. When 2 mg of oxythiamine was given only once to thiamine deficient rat, the TDP-effect was depressed, while the transketolase activity was not influenced. The transketolase activity and TDP-effect were tested with 63 patients suffering from various diseases. In some cases of hepatic disease and alcoholism, the hemolysate transketolase activity was recognized to decrease and TDP-effect was well correlated with thiamine deficient state.
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  • STUDIES ON TRANSKETOLASE : (II) HEPATIC TRANSKETOLASE ACTIVITY IN EXPERIMENTAL LIVER INJURY OF RAT
    Tadashi OKADA
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 290-294
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_290
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    The transketolase activity of liver tissue was slightly depressed in acute and chronic CCl_4 damaged rat. Amino acid or protein composition of diet had little or no effect on hepatic transketolase activity in chronic liver injury. Considering from the thiamine level and TDP-effect, it was supposed that the metabolic disturbance of thiamine causes the depression of the enzymatic activity. Partial hepatectomy caused the elevation of liver transketolase activity in normal rat, while in thiamine deficient rat the activation was not recognized. It is suggested that the thiamine deficiency is disadvantageous for liver regeneration.
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  • BIOSYNTHESIS OF BIOTIN FROM DL-DESTHIOBIOTIN BY WASHED CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE : (VII) THE STIMULATIVE ACTION OF GLUCOSE IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF BIOTIN
    Toshio NIIMURA, Takao SUZUKI, Yoshikazu SAHASHI
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 295-300
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_295
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    The stimulative action of glucose in the formation of biotin from desthiobiotin by washed cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. The biotin-deficient cells took up a greater amount of desthiobiotin than the biotin-sufficient cells, and then the intracellular levels of biotin became approximately constant. The uptake of desthiobiotin by washed cells increased markedly by the addition of glucose, and the effect was inhibited by the addition of iodoacetic acid or dinitrophenol. With the increase of desthiobiotin concentration in a incubation system without glucose, the uptake increased proportionally, but the biotin formation did not increase. The uptake of desthiobiotin by the washed cells is appeared to occur by two mechanisms which are glucose-independent and -dependent. The rate of biotin formation from desthiobiotin in the optimal temperature raised approximately 2.5 fold by the addition of glucose. It was suggested that the formation of biotin from desthiobiotin required further energy source.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_6 DERIVATIVES : (I) SYNTHESIS OF DL-HOMOCYSTEINE COMPOUNDS OF PYRIDOXAL AND ITS PHOSPHATE
    Kentaro OKUMURA, Keishi KOTERA, Toyonari OINE, Tatsuo ODA
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 301-307
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_301
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    Pyridoxal or its phosphate reacts with DL-homocystcine in aqueous solution to give 2-(3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyridyl-4)-tetrahydro-1,3-thiazine-4-carboxylic acid (I) or 2-(3-hydroxy-5-phosphoryloxymethyl-2-methyl-pyridyl-4)-tetrahydro-1,3-thiazine-4-carboxylic acid (II). (I) and (II) are comparatively stable in slightly acidic solution and crystallize from the reaction solution. (I) is obtained in a good yield by an addition of pyridoxal hydrochloride to a solution containing DL-homocysteine thiolactone hydrochloride. Polymorphism is observed in (I), the one with mp. 128-130℃ which is a stable form and the other with mp. 159-160℃ which is a semistable form. These two forms of (I) are interconvertible. UV spectra of the two are identical, however the IR spectra are different in a sharp absorption at ν 1735 cm^<-1> which is seen only in the former. The chemical structure of (I) is confirmed by means of NMR spectrum.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_6 DERIVATIVES : (II) PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PYRIDOXAL-HOMOCYSTEINE COMPOUND
    Kenji MASUKAWA, Kiichiro FURUSAKI, Hiroaki MONAKA, Tadashi UEBA, Kenta ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 308-321
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_308
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    Investigations were made on the reaction between pyridoxal and DL-homocysteine and the physical and chemical properties of the reaction product, pyridoxal-DL-homocysteine (I). The ultraviolet spectra of (I) have been studied at various pHs in buffer solution and in dioxane-water. In neutral aqueous solution, it has two absorption maxima, one at 332 mμ and the other at 251 mμ and the dipolar ionic form predominates but significant amounts of the uncharged forms are also present. Dissociation constants obtained by spectrophotometric method are pK_1=2.2,pK_2=7.2,pK_3=9.4 and the value of equilibrium Kz between dipolar ionic and uncharged neutral forms is about 5. For the separation of (I) from the reaction product, paper electrophoresis is most suitable. The reaction of pyridoxal and homocysteine is seemed to proceed by two steps and the velocity constants for hemiacetal formation and the formation of the cyclic product under various pHs and concentrations of reactants has been studied. An aqueous solution of (I) is comparatively unstable at 50℃ but is stabilized in an excess of homocysteine, particularly at PH 9.0.
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  • STUDIES ON VITAMIN B_6 DERIVATIVES (III) BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PYRIDOXAL-HOMOCYSTEINE
    Tamotsu DANNO, Koh HIGAKI, Mototaka NAKAMA, Hirotsune YAMAGUCHI, Tsuto ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 322-333
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_322
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    In acute toxicity test on mice, it was proved that the toxicity of pyridoxal-DL-homocysteine (I) is lower than that of pyridoxal phosphate (II) or pyridoxine hydrochloride (III). (I) showed the vitamin B_6 activity approximately equivalent to that of (II) or (III) for the growth of vitamin B_6-deficient rat and also for the convulsion caused by antivitamin B_6 agents. In detoxication and hypercholesteremic tests, (I) was more effective than either (II) or (III). (I) had also anti-anemic potency and additive effect on diuretic. In riboflavin and vitamin B_6 deficient rat, the rates of elevatinon of total vitamin B_6 and (II) levels in tissues after an administration of (I) were nearly the same with (II) or pyridoxal. The blood levels of vitamin B_6 in dog and rat after an oral administration of (I) was almost equal to that of (II), while the levels was sustained longer in the intracutaneous injection of (I) than that of (II). The microbiological activity for various lactic bacteria and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, (I) was almost equivalent to pyridoxal.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 334-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_334_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 334-335
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_334_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 335-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_335_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 335-336
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_335_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 336-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_336_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 336-337
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_336_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 337-338
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_337
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 338-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_338_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 338-339
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_338_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 339-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_339_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 339-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_339_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 339-340
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_339_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 340-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_340
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 341-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_341_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 341-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_341_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 342-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_342_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 342-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_342_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 342-343
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_342_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
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    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 343-344
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_343
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 344-
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_344_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1967Volume 35Issue 4 Pages 344-345
    Published: April 25, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.35.4_344_2
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