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Makoto Iwata
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
441-452
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Persistent diarrhea is a major cause of infant deaths in developing countries. Vitamin A supplementation significantly reduces the severity of diarrhea and the mortality. The vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) is an essential factor to imprint gut-homing specificity on lymphocytes. Indeed, vitamin A deficiency causes the depletion of lymphocytes from the small intestinal lamina propria. The gut-related lymphoid organs and the small intestinal lamina propria consist of dendritic cells (DCs) capable of producing RA. RA also contributes to the immune regulation and tolerance by enhancing the transforming growth factor-β-dependent differentiation of inducible Foxp3^+ regulatory T cells and inhibiting that of inflammatory Th17 cells. Thus, the regulation of RA production by gut DCs is critical for immune regulation as well, and mainly depends on ALDH1A2 expression. Its expression is induced mainly by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other factors constitutively present or induced in the intestinal microenvironment.
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Masaya Ikegawa, Mieko Kimura
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
453-460
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Lithium (Li) is the smallest of the alkali metals. Medical application of Li for treating mood disorders was preceded to the studies on its actions for human health. Traces of Li were detected in human organs and fetal tissue. Li is found in variable amounts in our environment and in foods. In some areas, the drinking water also provides significant amounts of the element. Animal experiments on rats and goats maintained on low-lithium rations showed to exhibit higher mortalities as well as reproductive and behavioral abnormalities; however, it is still debatable that Li is essential as an ultra trace nutrient. The biochemical mechanisms of action of Li appear to be multi-factorial and are inter-correlated with the functions of several enzymes, hormones, vitamins and minerals. Here we reviewed lithium occurrence, dietary intakes, and nutritional essentiality as well as pharmacological properties with special references to cancer and stem cell biology.
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Toshiaki Watanabe, Ayumi Taniguchi
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
461-468
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Biotin is widely distributed in various foods, where the chemical properties and matrices are not apparent. The concentration of biotin in foods has not yet been described in Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan (5th revised and enlarged edition). Also, there are only a few data which have been reported concerning the dietary intake of biotin in the Japanese population. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the dietary intakes of biotin using two methods one is Food Groups Calculation Study (98 food groups), based on the mean biotin concentration present in individual foods from 98 food groups and the other is Total Diet Study. The biotin intakes using Food Groups Calculation Study estimated was 54.5μg/day for adults. Total Diet Study gives the result of 50.7μg. There is a significant correlation with the dietary intakes of biotin of each food group estimated by both these methods. From these findings, it is reasonable to posit that these methods become important in estimating the dietary intakes of unknown micronutrients such as biotin, iodine and selenium, which are not described in the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan.
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Taro Murakami
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
469-471
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Chinatsu Iida, Kozue Fujii, Eriko Koga, Yukiko Washino, Yuko Kitamura, ...
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
472-473
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Kiyoshi Tanaka, Akiko Kuwabara, Shoko Kido
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
474-476
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Asako Takenaka
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
477-478
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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KAZUO SUEKI
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
479-484
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Masaru Sonoda
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
485-487
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
488-489
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
489-490
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
490-491
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
491-493
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
493-495
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
495-496
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
497-
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
498-
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
498-499
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
499-500
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
500-501
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
501-502
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
502-
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
502-503
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
503-504
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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Rabab M. Abou El-Magd, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [i ...
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
504-505
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
506-
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
506-507
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
507-508
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
508-
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
508-509
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
JOURNAL
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Article type: Bibliography
2009 Volume 83 Issue 8 Pages
510-515
Published: August 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2017
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