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Volume 1970 (1970)
- Issue 10 Pages 1-
- Issue Suppl9 Pages 1-
Volume 1970, Issue 10
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Sadao NISHI1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 1-9
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
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Masatoshi SHIMAMURA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 10-14
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
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III. Life Cycle of Artemisia Princeps Pamp. in Southern Part of JapanKenji ITO, Kinya IDE, Jun INOUYE1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 15-18
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Life cycle of Artemisia Princeps Pamp. in southern part of Japan was investigated. In this investigation plants were obtained from buds of subterranean stem sections. Subterranean stem sections of about 5cm long were planted under 3cm thick of covering soil in every month in all the year round. Results were as follows.
2) Durations from planting of subterranean stem sections under 3cm thick of covering soil to their emergence were 10-20 days from February to October, about 30 days in January and November, and about 45 days in December.
3) Plants which had been emerged in the period from January to the end of July initiated flowers in August and blossomed in October. However, plants emerged after August could not initiate flowers by the next August.
4) Periods from emergence to birth of new subterranean stems from the seedlings were a month in March-September, two months in February, three months in January and four months in October-December. At the time of birth the new subterranean stems, the seedling had about 10 full panded leaves and their plant height was about 10cm long.
5) Tips of growing subterranean stems under ground emerged at the period from November and grew to new seedlings.View full abstractDownload PDF (481K) -
Yasushi WATANABE1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 19-24
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present investigation is concerned with the effect of environmental condition on the germination of weed seed (Chenopodium album L.). Experimental results obtained here are summarized as follows:
(1) The Chenopodium seeds being harvested about 15 days after flowering period and prior to approaching maturity were capable of germinating successfully. Light requirement necessary for the germination gradually became to be significant with advance of maturity.
Once the seeds have fully ripened and followed to start dormancy, a radiation of light at a constant temperature (13°C or 25°C) failed to permit their germination. However, when the seeds were subjected to 8-hour period of 13°C or 25°C conditions alternating with 16-hour at low temperature (2°C), thirty per cent of germination rate was observed under the light condition (2, 000lux). Under the same condition, a treatment with an additional supply of oxygen to the matured seeds exerted a stimulative influence on breaking their dormancy. Digestion of seed coat with a sulfuric acid has also a pronounced effect. Cutting off treatment of mycropyle of seed was as effective as sulfuric acid even under the light or dark condition.
(2) Chilling treatment of seeds also sufficed to elicit the excellent germination, leading to lowing the necessity of light for germination.
An application of gibberellin (1, 000ppm) in place of light exposure resulted, to certain extent, in stimulation of germination.
Potassium nitrate (10-2M) was more effective in stimulation of germination than gibberellin under both light and dark condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (923K) -
Yasushi WATANABE1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 24-28
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this investigation is to examine physiological characteristics of a growth inhibitor presenting in the seed of Chenopodium album L.
The experimental results were summarized as follows:
(1) It was found to present some kind of germination inhibitor in the matured seed, which inhibitor retard the germination of lettace seed. This inhibitor was also contained in the non-dormant immature seed and could be released freely from seed coat when the seeds were rinsed in water.
(2) The water extract of seed was reextracted at pH 2.0 with ethylacetate. Condensed ethylacetate extract streaked on a single sheet of Toyo No. 50 chromatographic paper. The chromatographs were developed in ascending phase solvent system containing a mixture of iso-propanol, ammonium hydroxide and water (10: 1: 1). The major portion of the inhibitory activity in the chromatographic elutes was between Rf 0.8 and 1.0, which inhibiting zone showed no significant fluorescence with UV light. The striking inhibitory effect could be remarkably alleviated by an addition of gibberellin.
(3) Chilling of the seeds at 2°C for two months increased subsequent germination from 5% to 44% under 2, 000lux, and the extract from these seeds markedly decreased in inhibitory effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
Shooji HURUYA, Takayoshi KATAOKA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 28-32
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe damage to young seedlings of rice plants caused by the treatment of 3-methylphenyl-4′-nitro-phenylether (TOPE), nitrofen (NIP), 2, 4, 6-trichloro-4′-nitrodiphenylether (CNP), 2-tert-butyl-4-(2, 4-dichloro-5-isopropyloxyphenyl)-5-oxo-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoline (G-315) or trifluralin was not changed much with temperature (16, 23, 30°C), while the damage by s-(4-chlorobenzyl) N, N-diethylthiol carbamate (benthiocarb) or benthiocarb+CNP was slightly greater in high temperature (30°C). On the other hand, benthiocarb+simetryne or simetryne caused apparently greater damage in high temperature.
The phytotoxicity of benthiocarb+CNP or simetryne to the barnyard grass (Echinochloa Crus-galli Beauv. var. oryzicola Ohwi) was not influenced by temperature, though the phytotoxicity of others was less in low temperature (16°C).View full abstractDownload PDF (634K) -
Decomposition in Soil and Its Inhibition by Some ChemicalsNorio SHIRAKAWA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 32-36
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDecomposition of a selective herbicide, solan (CMMP), in soil and its inhibition by some chemicals were surveyed.
(1) The moisture was necessary for the decomposition of solan in soil.
(2) The decomposition of solan was more promoted in non-sterilized soil than sterilized soil, in aerobic than anaerobic, and in dark than light, respectively.
Solan in soil seemed to be decomposed by soil microorganisms.
(3) The decomposition of solan was faily prevented by treatment with a fungicide (N-(phenylmercury)-P-toluenesulfonanilide) or an insecticide (O, O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)-thionophosphase, phenitrothion) and strongly prevented by treatment with another insecticide (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate, carbaryl) before treatment with solan on soil.
(4) It was confirmed that the decomposition of solan in soil occured simultaneously primary reaction (producing 3-chloro-4-methylaniline (CMA)) and secondary reaction (disappearance of CMA).View full abstractDownload PDF (567K) -
Kunikazu UEKI, Yuji YAMASUE, Tomoko KATAKOZAWA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 36-39
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of EPTC (ethyl N, N-dipropylthiocarbamate) on the gibberellin-induced α-amylase synthesis in the isolated barley (Hordeum vulgare, var. New Golden Melon) endosperms.
EPTC showed the clear efficacy on the inhibition of barley seeds germination and also inhibited the α-amylase synthesis induced by added gibberellin in the isolated barley endosperms. EPTC, however, had little inhibitory effect on the hydrolysis of starch by commercially available α-amylase.
Incidentally, as a preliminary experiment, trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro 2, 6-dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was tested with the same method. Trifluralin resulted in no or little inhibition to barley seeds germination, and also, to α-amylase synthesis triggered by added gibberellin.View full abstractDownload PDF (522K) -
Shooichi MATSUNAKA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 40-43
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn both tests, light requirement in the herbicidal action and formation of brown spots on rice leaf sheath by the herbicides, very similar mode of action was observed among a new herbicide, G-315 (2-tert.-buthyl-4-(2, 4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoline, 17623-RP) and ortho-substituted diphenylether herbicides (nitrofen or CNP etc. ), although chemical structure of the former was quite different from those of the latters.
On the other hand, different mode of action was recognized between ortho-substituted diphenylether herbicides and metha-substituted ones (HE-314 etc.).View full abstractDownload PDF (564K) -
Seiichi NAKA, Kiyomi SATO1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 43-49
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe selected the implements such as the shovels, sweeps and pencil-point weeders from the cultivator, steerage hoe and weeder and tested the effects of these operated methods at the stage of 1-2 leaves and at the stage of 4-5 leaves of crab grass (Digitaria adscendens Henr.).
(1) Most effective treatments were the methods of uprooting and covering up with soil at the stage of 1-2 leaves by the shovels and cutting off the root at the stage of 1-5 leaves by the sweeps.
(2) The limit of effective treatments was the stage of 1-2 leaves to the shovels availably and the stage of 4-5 leaves to the sweeps availably.View full abstractDownload PDF (2489K) -
Hiromu SHIRASU, Susumu YAMAMOTO, Hisajiro YUKINAGA, Yoshito UEYAMA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 49-52
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA sprayer was made for trial as an attachment to a hand-tractor to perform simultaneous operation of spraying and soil incorporation of herbicide. Evenness of soil incorporation performed with the handtractor equipped with the sprayer was studied in field. Also trifluralin distribution in soil was studied when the chemical was soil-incorporated with the same rotary cultivator of the hand-tractor after hand-application of trifluralin granule 2.5%. Wheat (var. Normn No. 61) was used for bioassay in the tests.
When trifluralin E. C. was sprayed and soil-incorporated simultaneously with the hand-tractor equipped with the sprayer, there was almost no difference in evenness of soil incorporation between low speed and high speed of the hand-tractor. However, it was found that the operation can be done easier at low speed (34.6m/min.) than at high speed (63.8m/min.).
When the chemical was soil-incorporated with the rotary cultivator of the hand-tractor, it tended to concentrate in shallower soil layer rather than in deeper soil layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (2117K) -
Kaichiro SUZUKI, Masayoshi UDA, Keichi SAMOTO, Isamu YAMAKAWA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 52-56
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The transition of the amount of weeds on the direct sowing paddy fields of which changed the irrigation management was investigated, and the following results were obtained; the total amount of weeds was more conspicuous on the dryland condition than on the irrigated condition at both stages, tillering and reduction division of pollen mother cells. Thereafter that on the dryland condition was diminished gradually and no differences between both conditions were observed at the ripening stage.
While on the condition which was irrigated only after the reduction division stage, the amount of weeds rapidly increased after that, and was most among the three stages as for the ripening stage.
2. The transition of weeds shown by irrigation mangement such as above mentioned were as follows. Barnyardgrass was most in number and amount, and the following weeds continued correspondingly to the barnyardgrass; slender spikerush, chufa, monochoria, large crab-grass. While on both of the dryland and irrigated land conditions after the stage of reduction division of pollen mother cells, large crab-grass and the barnyardgrass were prominent and was consequently covered the growth of other weeds.
3. The decrease of rice yields caused by weed damage was bigger on the dryland field than on the irrigated field. It is seemed to be that a lot of gramineous weeds on the dryland condition occurred, and a water absorption of these plants was dominance compared with rice plant under the competitive condition.
4. In order to know the relation between total amount of weeds and soil moisture, three soils of different kinds were used. Weed ocurrence was highest at 90% soil moisture (v/v), followed by 100%-70% and the minimum lies below 70%.
5. From the result on the herbicides application using new chemical compounds, the follwing arrangement to weed control on the dryland direct sowing was shown.
Pre emergence treatment (nitrofen)+post emergence treatment (propanil)+post emergence treatment (propanil).View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
Terminology Committee, Weed Society of Japan1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 57-64
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
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Kunikazu UEKI, Norihiro SHIMIZU, Shooichi MATSUNAKA, Hiroshi NAKAMURA1970 Volume 1970 Issue 10 Pages 65-78
Published: November 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2348K)
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