野生生物保護
Online ISSN : 2433-1252
Print ISSN : 1341-8777
5 巻, 1-2 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
意見・評論
原著
  • 出口 善隆, 佐藤 衆介, 菅原 和夫, 伊藤 健雄
    原稿種別: 原著
    2000 年 5 巻 1-2 号 p. 13-20
    発行日: 2000/07/19
    公開日: 2017/10/06
    ジャーナル フリー
    Since the 1970s, Japanese serows have damaged farm crops in the Tohoku region. In Yamagata city, the population of serows has been controlled in order to suppress crop damage and over 300 Japanese serows were culled after 1990. An evaluation of food intake by Japanese serows in cultivated fields can add to a fundamental knowledge for reducing damage to farm crops. Aims of this study were to obtain information on crop damage by Japanese serows by means of questionnaires and traces-eaten and to estimate the amount of crops in their diet. In 1995, farm crop damage by Japanese serows spread over 16.0 ha in Yamagata city. The area of crop damage was the largest in summer (2.5 ha/month). The estimated ingestion of crops was also the highest in summer (731.1 kgDW/month). In the areas where crop damage has occurred constantly and serows have been culled every 2 years, an estimated ingestion of crops per animal was the highest in summer (3.2 kgDW/month/animal). Annual ingestion of crops was 19.6 kgDW/animal. Japanese serow's feeding in cultivated fields was 11.7% in summer and was higher than other seasons. It was 6.9% annually. It is considered that farm crops are not the main foods in the diet of the Japanese serow.
  • 貝沼 康祐, 横畑 泰志, 加藤 輝隆, 河野 昭一, 桂木 健次
    原稿種別: 原著
    2000 年 5 巻 1-2 号 p. 21-45
    発行日: 2000/07/19
    公開日: 2017/10/06
    ジャーナル フリー
    An extensive renovation of the woodland zone in the City Park on Kureha Ridge, Toyama City, was conducted by the City Government from 1991 to 1993. This project included extensive logging and severe disturbance of the undergrowth in the deciduous forests (secondary but very mature) of the park area. This resulted in exceedingly severe modification and damage of the woodland environment in the foothills. Using the mail shot method, we conducted a questionaire to examine the response of Toyama citizens to this project. 1028 families were selected for the survey, of which 256 (24.9%) have responded to the questionaire. Several tendencies were evident in the citizens' response to the project itself, the degree of their utilization of the foothills and their opinions on restoration and management of the woodlands there. The contingent valuation method was applied to assess the financial loss of natural resources and damage to the woodland environment. The estimated amount each family willing to pay for restoration of the foothill environments as a whole was about 2,800 yen. This results in about a total of 300 million yens from all citizens in Toyama City.
  • 吾妻 行雄, 小川 美和, 谷口 和也, 山田 秀秋
    原稿種別: 原著
    2000 年 5 巻 1-2 号 p. 47-53
    発行日: 2000/07/19
    公開日: 2017/10/06
    ジャーナル フリー
    Monthly collection of marine algae from the intertidal and subtidal zones off the coast of Tomari-Hama along Oshika Peninsula was carried out from January to December 1988 and May 1997 to April 1998. These algae were identified and observed to see whether they matured or not. A total of 133 species of marine algae were listed, 15 of which belong to Chlorophyta, 33 to Phaeophyta and 85 to Rhodophyta, and two species of sea grass. The matured algae in small annuals were observed throughout the year. The large annual algae matured from spring to summer. The occurrence periods of small and large perennial algae were divided into three groups as follows; four seasons, spring and autumn, summer-autumn and spring-summer, respectively.
総説
  • 室山 泰之, 大井 徹
    原稿種別: 総説
    2000 年 5 巻 1-2 号 p. 55-67
    発行日: 2000/07/19
    公開日: 2017/10/06
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper reviews visual, auditory, and chemosensory characteristics in nonhuman primates including Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata, and the effectiveness of present methods and devices to prevent crop damage caused by birds and mammals including primates. We then discuss possibilities of the use of perceptual characteristics of primates for damage management in Japanese macaques. Some techniques using visual or auditory stimuli are expected to be effective, while habituation to the stimuli should be avoided by using various cues singly or in combination. At present, chemosensory methods appear to be ineffective in preventing crop damage by monkeys. It is emphasized that systematic approaches such as habitat management to reduce monkeys' dependency on agricultural crops are needed to make methods using perceptual stimuli more effective.
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