YAKUGAKU ZASSHI
Online ISSN : 1347-5231
Print ISSN : 0031-6903
ISSN-L : 0031-6903
118 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 杉浦 宗敏, 高山 和郎, 清野 敏一, 中村 幸一, 佐藤 均, 伊賀 立二
    1998 年 118 巻 5 号 p. 159-167
    発行日: 1998/05/01
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Dispensing injectable drugs includes some complicated processes, and the automation of the process is required for its efficient operation in each process. In this study, we developed a new automatic dispensing system (EX-96T) for injectable drugs, which can be linked with an order entry system. The dispensing system consists of four units, which are computer-controlled : 1) stocker unit of empty trays, 2) dispensing unit in which ampules and vials for each patient are automatically arranged into the tray, 3) stocker unit of dispensed trays, and 4) verification unit to which the dispensed trays can be passed out from the stock unit. Moreover, in this study, we evaluated the above system by using continuous real prescriptions of injectable drugs, and found out that the established system works more reliably than the previously reported dispensing system [J. Hamada et al., Jpn. J. Hosp. Pharm., 22, 279-286 (1996)].
  • 清野 敏一, 折井 孝男, 佐藤 均, 澤田 康文, 伊賀 立二
    1998 年 118 巻 5 号 p. 168-178
    発行日: 1998/05/01
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has now become possible to perform a computer-aided inspection of prescriptions, due to a recent trend of introducing an order entry system to medical facilities. A checking system of drug interactions at the level of physicians' order entry, although tested in some hospitals, is not yet established as a practical system in the actual situations, due to its delaying effect on the response of the order entry system and thus on the patients' staying time. Therefore, we have devised an on-line method by which a prescription information paper can be printed out with patient's drug history records regarding selected, problem-inducible drugs prescribed over the past five visits of the patient's to any of the wards in our hospital. This method enabled us to construct a prescription-inspecting supporting system, with which pharmacists can rapidly and accurately inspect prescriptions focusing on the drug interactions without any effect on the response of the present order entry system. Subsequently, we evaluated the 5465 outpatient- and 1550 inpatient-prescriptions using the present inspection-supporting system from the viewpoint of proper drug usage. It was found that as much as 17% and 28% of the outpatient- and inpatient-prescriptions, respectively, contained selected problem-inducible drugs, not only from a single department (55%) but also from multiple departments (45%) of our university hospital. Moreover, approximately 11% of the prescriptions which contained problem-inducible drugs (i. e., 1.2% of all the prescriptions) were actually inquired to physicians to avoid possible drug interactions, which was a reasonable frequency of inquiry. Taken all together, the present system was suggested to be a simple but practical method for avoiding adverse drug interactions.
  • 佐塚 泰之, 岩崎 綾乃, 広田 貞雄
    1998 年 118 巻 5 号 p. 179-187
    発行日: 1998/05/01
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The antitumor activity of adriamycin (ADR) was enhanced by combination with theobromine or pentoxifylline. Theobromine increased the concentration of ADR in the tumor without any effects on that in the heart and the liver. The influence of the combination of theobromine or pentoxifylline with ADR on the lipid peroxide level (indicating the ADR-induced side effect) and on DNA biosynthesis (indicating the side effect and antitumor activity) were examined. When ADR was administered into mice, the lipid peroxide level in the liver and the heart increased. However, the combination of theobromine or pentoxifylline did not enhance the ADR-induced increment of the lipid peroxide level in the liver, and moreover, it inhibited that in the heart. The decrease of DNA biosynthesis in the liver and the heart, induced by ADR, were not enhanced by combination with theobromine or pentoxifylline. On the other hand, the combination of theobromine with ADR significantly increased the inhibition of DNA biosynthesis in the tumor. These findings indicate that the combination of theobromine or pentoxifylline with ADR have no effect on the side effects of ADR in the liver and the heart, with the increase of antitumor activity of ADR in the tumor, and it is suggested that these drugs will be of value as a biochemical modulator of ADR.
  • 吉積 智司, 村上 敏之, 角谷 真, 松田 久司, 山原 條二, 吉川 雅之
    1998 年 118 巻 5 号 p. 188-192
    発行日: 1998/05/01
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The methanol extract of wax gourd (Japanese name "Tougan"), the fruits of Benincasa hispida COGN. (Cucurbitaceae), was found to show inhibitory activity on the histamine release from rat exudate cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction. Through bioassay-guided separation, four known triterpenes and two known sterols were isolated as active components together with a flavonoid C-glycoside, an acylated glucose, and a benzyl glycoside. Among the active triterpenes and sterols, two triterpenes, alnusenol and multiflorenol, were found to potently inhibit the histamine release.
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