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Volume 118, Issue 7
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Tohru MIZUSHIMA1998 Volume 118 Issue 7 Pages 257-271
Published: July 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDnaA protein is an initiator for chromosomal DNA replication in E.coli. We have examined the function of the protein to answer the foollowing four questions;(1) How DnaA protein is inactivated after DNA replication for the suppression of re-initiation? (2) How DnaA protein is activated for the initiation of DNA replication? (3) Does DnaA protein have functions other than that for DNA replication? (4) Is DnaA protein is a good target for new antibiotics? In this review, I summarize our recent studies for these questions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1701K) -
Fumiko OHTSU, Reiko YANO, Kazuhiro INAGAKI, Jinsaku SAKAKIBARA, Jun OK ...1998 Volume 118 Issue 7 Pages 272-286
Published: July 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and assess an estimation procedure for preventing drug-induced liver disorders. We have built a database for CARPIS (case reports of adverse drug reaction and poisoning information services) since 1987, and the case reports of adverse drug reaction accumulated in the CARPIS database to be total about 11000. We studied the estimation procedure by evaluating the subjective symptoms, backgrounds and laboratory data of patients in 199 cases cumulated in the CARPIS database. The evaluation scores were created on the basis of the subjective symptoms and backgrounds of the patients. Then, we re-estimated 199 cases with the evaluation scores, among which were 165 cases (82.9%) in 199 cases drug-induced liver disorders. For the rest of 34 cases (17.1%) drug-induced liver disorders could not be estimated from our evaluation scores. These 34 cases were either those which the subjective symptoms were not described in their reports, because the patients were hospitalized for other diseases and drug-induced liver disorders were discovered by a clinical examination, or cases of infants for whom it was difficult to confirm the subjective symptoms. The validity of this evaluation scores were sensitivity=82.9%, specificity=91.0% and predictive value of positive test=94.8%. To apply this evaluation scores onto the clinical practice, we prepared an evaluation form for the subjective symptoms and backgrounds of the patients with drug suspecting-induced liver disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (1317K) -
Shinji AOKI, Yuji ITO, Kazumi DANJO, Hisakazu SUNADA1998 Volume 118 Issue 7 Pages 287-293
Published: July 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study we examined the influence of scale-up of the controlled-release dosage form of ibuprofen (IB), which was layered by talc using an ethylcellulose (EC) binder. We found that the rate of release of IB was markedly delayed by the scale-up. The mean pore size of the talc layer prepared by an experimental centrifugal fluidizing granulator was 0.6 μm, while that prepared by an industrial centrifugal fluidizing granulator was 0.16 μm. The mean pore size of the talc layer was not influenced by the amount of the layered talc. It was previously reported that the identification of granules could be expressed by the efficiency of frictional wear. We, therefore, examined a correlation between the rate of release of IB and the efficiency of frictional wear. A good correlation was found between them. These findings suggested that the amount of the layered talc and the efficiency of frictional wear determined the rate of release of IB.View full abstractDownload PDF (625K) -
Aishi KIMOTO, Munetoshi SAITO, Yasuno HIRANO, Takaya IWAI, Kenichi TOM ...1998 Volume 118 Issue 7 Pages 294-300
Published: July 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo discover a novel compound which has an effect on pulmonary surfactant (PS) secretion, we studied the effects of various compounds on PS secretion by measuring the contents of PS in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in guinea pigs. In the chemical modification study of ambroxol, which is known as a PS secretagogue, and a compound we discovered from our compounds library, 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) urea : YM-26818 (the increasing effect on PS in BALF, 34.7% at 50 mg/kg, i.p.). In the surfactant deficient model induced by BAL in guinea pigs, YM-26818 (5 and 10mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the contents of PS in the BAL fluid compared with that of control animals (5 mg/kg : 60.3±8.0, 10 mg/kg : 59.4±4.3% increase). Concomitantly by these effects, the recovery of lung compliance was observed in this model (AUC of lung volume, control : 560±15, YM-26818 5 mg/kg : 898±51, YM-2681 10 mg/kg : 956±11 ml·min). These results may indicate that YM-26818 is useful for the therapy of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and obstructive pulmonary diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K)
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