巻号一覧
119 巻, 6 号
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野澤(石井) 玲子, 篠塚 和正, 国友 勝, 竹内 幸一, 橋本 孝雄1999 年 119 巻 6 号 p. 417-428
発行日: 1999/06/01
公開日: 2008/05/30
ジャーナル フリーThe purinergic modulation of the release of norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic nerves in the rabbit ear artery was investigated. Methoxamine, an α1-adrenoceptor agonist, enhanced the NE-release by electrical stimulation (ES) and released large amounts of adenyl purines (ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine) from the endothelium. Both actions of methoxamine were blocked by prazosin. In addition, the enhancement of the NE-release by methoxamine was abolished by 8-sulfophenyl theophylline (8SPT), a P1-purinoceptor antagonist. These findings indicated that the endogenous purines and purinoceptors participate in the facilitation of NE-release by α1-adrenoceptor stimulation. P1-Purinoceptor agonists, such as adenosine and 2-chloroadenosine, and P2-purinoceptor agonists, such as ATP and β, γ-methylene ATP (βγ-mATP), enhanced the ES-evoked NE-release. This enhancement was antagonized not only by the P1-purinoceptor antagonist, 8SPT, but also by the P2-purinoceptor desensitizing agent, α, β-methylene ATP. A phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Ro20-1724 potentiates the enhancement of NE-release by βγ-mATP. On the other hand, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, SQ22536, inhibited the enhancement of NE-release by βγ-mATP. These findings suggested that prejunctional facilitatory purinoceptors exist on the adrenergic nerves of the rabbit ear artery. This receptor may be coupled to adenylate cyclase and is different from well-known P1 and P2 purinoceptors. In the rabbit ear artery, adrenergic neurotransmission may be regulated by endogenous ATP and its metabolites via prejunctional facilitatory purinoceptors, which were initiated by α1-adrenoceptor stimulation; i.e. transsynaptic regulation of neurotransmission.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1216K) -
高山 和郎, 清野 敏一, 杉浦 宗敏, 中村 均, 内野 克喜, 中村 幸一, 佐藤 均, 伊賀 立二1999 年 119 巻 6 号 p. 429-435
発行日: 1999/06/01
公開日: 2008/05/30
ジャーナル フリーA dust-free dispensing facility (total area of 320m2, consisting of eight dispensing rooms) with Class M5.5 cleanness was designed, along with the construction of a new clinic ward for outpatients in the University of Tokyo Hospital in 1994. Air cleanness inside the rooms was measured by counting air-floating microparticles in an optical particle-size analyzer. Air cleanness in the absence of pharmacists in the conventional dispensing rooms was very low at levels worse than Class M6.5, while that in the dust-free dispensing rooms was high at around Class M3.5. In the tablet-counting room, the air particle concentration increased with the entry and working of pharmacists, then varied in the range of Class M4.5-M5.3 depending on the number of residing pharmacists and extent of their movement, and decreased to the original condition after the exit of pharmacists after work. Moreover, in the powder-dispensing room, air cleanness around mixing tables and automatic powder packaging machines varied widely from Class M4.5 to M5.5. Not only large-sized microparticles but small ones (0.5-1.0μm) were detected through the processes of weighing, mixing, and packaging the powder, probably due to redistribution of microparticles gathered in a vacuum cleaner attached to the powder packaging machine. It was thus proposed to use HEPA filters with a pore size <0.5μm in the cleaner for gaining a clearer environment of dispensing. In conclusion, it was suggested that the introduction of a dust-free dispensing facility is feasible not only for providing patients with highly qualified medications but also for the assurance of pharmacists' safety by avoiding exposure to the drug powder, when working with unit-dose packaging of tablets and capsules as well as decapsulization and tablet crashing of highly bioactive agents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (761K) -
山田 安彦, 細川 美映子, 山口 典恵, 三田 智文, 小瀧 一, 澤田 康文, 伊賀 立二1999 年 119 巻 6 号 p. 436-443
発行日: 1999/06/01
公開日: 2008/05/30
ジャーナル フリーEffects of mouth wash (mouth rinsing and gargling) on the removal of drug residues in both mouth and pharynx after the use of pressurized aerosol metered-dose inhaler (MDI) were studied. The concentration of beclomethasone dipropionate (BM) in mouth wash after a splay of Becotide[○!R] inheler was measured by the method using HPLC. The total amount of the removed BM was measured by a sum of the concentrations of BM in 4 or 5 times of mouth washes in the following 4 kinds of methods. In method 1, mouth wash was done with 5 times of water change after a splay of MDI on wetted mouth. In method 2, mouth wash was done with 5times of change water on dried mouth. In method 3, mouth wash was done with 4 times of change saliva on wetted mouth. In these methods, the actual inhalation of BM was not done. In method 4, mouth wash was done with 5 times of change water after a splay and a inhalation on wetted mouth. The mouth wash procedures removed totally 47.9%, 51.1%, 31.3%, and 33.3% of a splayed amount of BM in each method, respectively. It was required for the removal of 90% of the totally recovered BM to do one time of mouth wash in method 1, two times in method 2, three times in method 3, and two times in method 4, respectively. These data suggest that the mouth wash procedure is shown to have prophylactic benefit for candidiasis induced by steroid delivered by MDI.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (710K) -
菊地 正雄, 角田 利枝1999 年 119 巻 6 号 p. 444-450
発行日: 1999/06/01
公開日: 2008/05/30
ジャーナル フリーTwo new iridoid glucosides, named iso-8-epikingiside and 8-demethyl-7-ketologanin, were isolated together with 8-epikingiside, kingiside, ligustroside, 10-hydroxyligustroside, ligustaloside A and ligustaloside B from the leaves of Ligustrum lucidum AIT. (Oleaceae). The stereochemical structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (555K) -
藤原 博, 吉良 清子, 朝川 貞雄, 内藤 誠之郎, 田中 重則, 相沢 真紀, 土谷 正和, 高岡 文, 山本 明彦, 落合 雅樹, 堀 ...1999 年 119 巻 6 号 p. 451-455
発行日: 1999/06/01
公開日: 2008/05/30
ジャーナル フリーThe application of the endotoxin test for globulin and other blood products were investigated by two different limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test methods, colorimetric and kinetic turbidimetric methods, using two endotoxin-specific reagents. By the dilution of the blood products in 40 times or more, spiked endotoxin in the products was recovered accurately showing neither inhibition nor enhancement. The definite difference was not shown between the results obtained by the two LAL test methods. According to the method of the endotoxin test described under General Tests of The Japanese Pharmacopeia (thirteenth edition), JPXIII, the maximum valid dilution (MVD) for these products will be calculated to be 40 or more, so it is capable to measure the endotoxin limit for each product. This study indicates that the endotoxin test is applicable to measure the endotoxin content in globulin and other blood products as an alternative method for the rabbit pyrogen test.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K)
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