YAKUGAKU ZASSHI
Online ISSN : 1347-5231
Print ISSN : 0031-6903
ISSN-L : 0031-6903
76 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の37件中1~37を表示しています
  • 粟田 悦郎, 三木 知憲
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 355-358
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Coloration of aqueous solution of ascorbic acid was measured by absorption spectral method, with constant concentration (50mg./cc.), pH (2.0), and amount of oxygen, at 27°, 37°, and 45°. After examining its conformity to the Beer's law, the color density was measured at 430mμ. Analysis of these results showed that the color reaction of the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is an autocatalytic reaction which could be represented by the following equation dx/dt=kxI/2 (75-x), and the relation between the absolute temperature, T, and reaction velocity constant, k, can be represented by log k=12.9-(2.27×104/4.574 T). This may be a stepwise reaction but further examinations on this point are still in progress.
  • フェノール性水酸基に対するホルムアミドの反応
    齋藤 徳男, 田中 千秋, 大久保 通子
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 359-361
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the reaction of β-naphthol (I) and formamide (II), some examples of a new kind of a reaction were added to the existing reaction of formamide by the isolation and identification of 1, 2, 7, 8-dibenzoxanthene (III), 1, 2, 7, 8-dibenzacridine (IV), formylnaphthylamine (V), 1-methyl-2-naphthol (VI), and β, β′-dihydroxydinaphthylmethane (VII), assumed to have been formed by the reductive action of formic acid produced by the decomposition of (II) and by the reaction of formaldehyde produced by such reaction. In a reaction of α-naphthol and of resorcinol, nitrogenous substance was not obtained and three kinds of substances (m. p. 155°, 265°, and 289°), and two kinds of substances (m. p. 163° and 203°), were respectively obtained which were supposed to be xanthene derivatives formed by the reaction of formaldehyde.
  • 萩原 武美雄, 岡崎 雄交
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 362-364
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    From the urine of a rabbit administered with 1g./kg. weight of anthranilic acid, unchanged acid and bimolar-bonded acid, anthraniloylanthranilic acid, were isolated and confirmed. This detoxication mechanism is a kind of peptide bonding but a peptide bonding of two moles of anthranilic acid is a new observation. Formation of anthraniloylanthranilic acid in rabbits is very marked but the amount formed is very small in rats, indicating a difference between animals. Apart from the above, 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, o-aminohippuric acid, and bound anthranilic acid, different from the existing metabolites, were detected by paper chromatography.
  • ナフトキノン誘導体のポーラログラフィー
    朝日 豊
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 365-369
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The polarographic behavior of the various naphthoquinones listed below was clarified and the relationship between their structure and reduction mechanism and reduction potential, and their values as the method of determination are discussed. Sodium 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone 3-sulfonate (I), 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone (II), phthiocol (III), 2-methyl-2, 3-epoxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (IV), 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone-sodium hydrogen sulfite adduct (V), and Tetralinquinol (T). The half-wave potential of these naphthoquinones decreases in the order of (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V), that of (T) being approximately equal to that of (V), and the values become positive, the larger the increase of resonance energy by the reduction and greater the +E effect of the substituent. The first wave of (I), (II), (III), and (IV) indicates the reaction of quinone to hydroquinone, and the slope of the (E 1/2-pH) curve changes from -0.06v. to 0.00v. by the dissociation of hydroquinone. (IV) further submits to two-electron reduction and is assumed to change to tetrahydrophthiocol (X). It was assumed also that the two-electron reduction of (V) changes it to sodium 2-methyl-1-naphthol 4-sulfonate (XI). The quinones (I) to (V) can be determined by polarography in a buffer of pH 6.8.
  • 2-メチル-1,4-ナフトキノンNaHSO3付加体の安定度
    朝日 豊
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 370-372
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Decomposition of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone-sodium hydrogen sulfite adduct (I) by heat and light was studied by the polarographic method. Heating of the aqueous solution of (I) results in intramolecular rearrangement to form sodium 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone 3-sulfonate (V) or the liberation of sodium hydrogen sulfite to form 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone (II). The reaction of (I) to (V) is markedly accelerated by the hydroxyl ion, is decomposed even at room temperature at pH 8, but the reaction does not occur below pH 3, even on heating for 1 hour at 100°. The formation of the sodium hydrogen sulfite and (II) from (I) occurs when the mixture is heated at below pH 4, is accelerated by the presence of oxygen or cupric ion, which accelerates decomposition of sodium hydrogen sulfite, and prevented by an excess of sodium hydrogen sulfite. (I) is fairly stable to light, the amount of decomposition being below 0.5% on irradiaton of direct sunlight for 8 hours.
  • ナフトキノンの光分解
    朝日 豊
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 373-378
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Photodecomposition of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone (I) was examined by irradiating the crystals or dil. ethanolic solution of (I) and following the velocity of decomposition and its product by polarography and the mechanism of such decomposition was studied. When there is no oxygen, photodecomposition of (I) was found to produce mainly 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthohydroquinone (II) with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide as a by-product. In the presence of oxygen, (II) is oxidized to (I) and hydrogen peroxide, and further changes to 2-methyl-2, 3-epoxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (III). Photochemical isomerization of (III) produces phthiocol (IV) and photochemical polymerization of (III) produces two isomeric dimers of (I), (V) and (VI). (V) and (VI) were isolated in crystalline form from the photodecomposition product of (I) and their properties were clarified from their polarographic behavior, infrared absorption spectra and lattice distance. The wave length of the light necessary for the photodecomposition of (I) is 300-450mμ and this light is intercepted by brown glass.
  • リボフラビンおよびFADのポーラログラフィー
    朝日 豊
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 378-383
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Polarographic behavior of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD), isolated from the culture of Eremothecium ashbyii by Kuwada et al., was clarified and compared with those of riboflavin and its esters. FAD, similar to riboflavin, exhibits a regular wave in alkaline medium, and an anomalous and regular waves in acid medium. The sum of these wave heights is independent of the pH but, is proportional to the concentration, with that of the anomalous wave nearing a constant value. (EI/2-pH) curve can be represented by equations (1) to (10), and the point of break corresponds to pKa. Diffusion current constant is 1.9 for FAD and 2.49 for riboflavin (μA mM-1 mg-2/3 sec1/2). These reduction waves indicate the reaction of f lavin to dihydroflavin by two-electron reduction. The anomalous wave can be explained by Bridicka's absorption theory. Adsorption coefficient is in the order of 107 for both FAD and riboflavin and the area occupied by the adsorbed molecule (FAD 280, riboflavin 117 Å) is related to the size of the molecule. Both FAD and riboflavin can each be determined by polarography but not their mixture.
  • Fusarium solaniによるプロゲステロンの微生物酸化
    西川 正元, 野口 俊作, 長谷川 武治, 坂野 勲
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 383-385
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In accordance with the method of Vischer and Wettstein, microbiological oxidation of progesterone (I) was examined by using Fusarium solani. It was thereby found that, according to the amount of (I) used and the addition or absence of acetone, the following products would be formed in various ratios: 1-Dehydroprogesterone (II), Δ1, 4-androstadien-17 β-ol-3-one (III), Δ1, 4-androsta-diene-3, 17-dione (IV), and 1-dehydrotestololactone (V). From the foregoing experimental results, it was assumed that the present reaction proceeded in the order of (I)→(II)→(III)→(IV)→(V).
  • 種々のAcylacetaldehyde酸性亜硫酸ソーダ附加体及び関連化合物の抗真菌性並びに抗菌性
    野口 照久, 桶田 秀雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 386-389
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to find the actual clinical values of β-ketoaldehyde derivatives, including decanoylacetaldehyde, the effective principle extracted from Houttuynia cordata T., various acylacetaldehydes and allied compounds were examined for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. The results confirmed the significance of dried Houttuynia as the home remedy. Acylacetaldehydes possess powerful antifungal and antibacterial actions against Trichophyton interdigitale, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the effect being the maximum in compounds with 9-10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and the activity decreasing with the further increase in the number of carbon atoms. The best effect was shown by decanoylacetaldehyde, being the same as that extracted from Houttuynia. However, methyl nonyl ketone, assumed to be the decomposition product of the decanoyl compound, showed about 1/40 the effect of the original substance. Decanoylacetaldehyde was also found to be effective against Tr. purpureum, Tr, asteroides, and Ep. inguinale. The compound is comparatively effective against gram-positive bacteria and ineffective against gram-negative bacteria though effective against Gonococci.
  • 3-アルキルピラゾールの抗菌性と表面活性度との関係について
    野口 照久, 桶田 秀雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 390-392
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    3-Nonylpyrazole, a hydrazine condensate of decanoylacetaldehyde, the effective principle of Hauttuynia cordata T., was examined for the presence of an antibacterial activity and its correlation with the degree of surface activity was discussed. Antifungal spectrum of 3-alkylpyrazoles extends over a wide range and is effective against Trichophyton interdigitale and other non-pathogenic fungi, especially Zygosaccharomyces salsus. On the contrary, its antibacterial spectrum is extremely specific and is effective only against Staph. aureus and Bac. subtilis among the gram-positive bacteria, and Neiseria gonorrhoeae and Vibrio cholerae alone among the gram-negative bacteria. In this series, 3-nonylpyrazole, with 9 carbon atoms in the side-chain alkyl, showed the best antibacterial activity. The surface activity of 3-alkylpyrazoles is the maximum in octyl derivative with eight carbon atoms in the side-chain alkyl, decreases with the decrease of the number of carbon atoms, and its antibacterial activity also showed the same tendency.
  • アルキルピラゾール誘導体並びに関連異項環化合物の抗真菌性及び抗菌性
    野口 照久, 桶田 秀雄, 石田 静子
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 393-397
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Relationship between the chemical structure and antifungal or antibacterial activities of decanoyl and nonyl derivatives of various heterocyclic compounds, and derivatives of 3-nonylpyrazole, a hydrazine condensate of decanoylacetaldehyde, were examined. It has already been shown that 3-nonylpyrazole possesses powerful antifungal, antibacterial, and antitubercular activities. The antimicrobial spectra become wider when a negative group, such as vitro and halogen, is introduced into the 4-position of these compounds, while the introduction of a positive group, such as the amino, results in the decrease of efficacy against the gram-positive bacteria but a slight increase of their effect against the gramnegative bacteria. The 5-amino derivative seems to be somewhat stronger in effect than the 4-amino compound, while derivation to the pyrazolone results in the decrease of efficacy.
  • 精油の抗カビ性 その1
    今井 統雄, 池田 信一, 田中 喜一郎, 菅原 眞一
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 397-400
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Essential oil of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. was found to have a specific and powerful growth inhibition and antifungal activity to pathogenic dermatophytes. Examination of the effect of metals, pH, and temperature on its antifungal potency revealed that the potency is reduced by long treatment at higher (over 100°) temperature, while the acid pH was found to effect gradual increase of potency with increasing acidity and decrease of potency on the alkaline side. No effect has been found in metals to the potency.
  • 精油の抗カビ性 その2 有効成分の分離
    今井 統雄, 池田 信一, 田中 喜一郎, 菅原 眞一
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 400-404
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to isolate the antifungal substance contained in the essential oil of Artemisia capillaris, various procedures were carried out and a new component was separated as colorless hexagonal plates, m. p. 81°. This substance was able to completely inhibit the growth of Trichophyton purpureum in 4, 000, 000 dilution (0.25γ/cc.), which is the highest potency among the known antifungal substances. Analytical results gave the formula of C12H8O, assumed to be a ketone or an aldehyde.
    In order to find the rational method of isolating this substance, adsorption chromatography was carried out with alumina of various activation degree and with various developing solvents. It was thereby found that the combination of Brockmann alumina of activation degree III and hexane as the developer gave the best result, giving an yield of 1.8% of this substance from the essential oil.
  • 精油の抗カビ性 その3 有効成分カピリンの構造
    今井 統雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 405-408
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Antifungal component, C12H8O, m. p. 81°, in the essential oil of Artemisia capillaris Thunb., was named capillin. From the infrared absorption spectral data and catalytic reduction product of capillin, its structure was assumed to be 1-oxo-1-phenylhexa-2, 4-diyne (I). (I) was synthesized from 2-butyne-1, 4-diol (V), and its various constants and infrared absorption spectral data (Fig. 1) agreed with those of capillin obtained by extraction, thereby confirming the structure of capillin to be 1-oxo-1-phenylhexa-2, 4-diyne.
  • Indole 3-位置換体の合成
    恩田 政行, 川西 正純, 笹本 光雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 409-412
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to examine the pharmacological action and structure of reserpine, several kinds of compounds possessing easily synthesized aromatic ring as the fundamental skeleton in the E-ring and the C-ring severed between C2 and C3 were prepared. Condensation of 2, 3′-indolylethyl bromide, easily obtained from indole in a few steps, and 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives, obtained by the Pictet-Spengler method from phenethylamines, afforded 2-(2, 3′-indolylethyl)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinolines with various substituents at 6- and 7-positions.
  • 植物病原体に対する殺菌作用について
    金子 太郎, 黒田 久寅, 飯尾 豊子
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 412-415
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Action mechanism of p-thiocyanoaniline (PTA), which showed a strong inhibition against spore germination of Ophiobolus miyabeanus Ito et Kuribayashi, was examined. It was thereby found that p-thiocyanoaniline showed inhibitive action against the respiration enzyme system of the bacteria and that the action was directed against enzymes possessing metals, especially strong against iron enzyme than copper enzyme.
  • p-チオシアノアニリンの稲胡麻葉枯病菌胞子の発芽阻止機構について
    金子 太郎, 黒田 佐俊, 黒田 久寅, 高村 芳三郎
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 416-419
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Growth inhibitive action of aromatic thiocyano compounds against phytopathogenic microörganisms was examined. The action of these compounds in inhibiting spore germination of Ophiobolus miyabeanus and the growth of Bacterium oryzae was examined. It was thereby found that 4-thiocyano-, 2-nitro-4-thiocyano-, and 2-car boxy-4-thiocyano-anilines showed comparatively strong inhibitive action, and 4-thiocyanoaniline especially showed good effect against wood decaying bacteria, better than that of pentachlorophenol.
  • 生物試験法による生薬ならびに生薬方剤の研究3.ビオチンの研究 その5
    後藤 實
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 420-422
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The biotin-like factor in Japanese bee honey, pollens, and bee-bread was examined by a microbiological assay method. Examination of 8 kinds of honey with Lactobacillus arabinosus and L. casei showed that the values obtained with the former bacillus were greater than those from the use of the latter in all cases, the average values being 6.3 to 1.3. It follows, therefore, that a larger amount of biotin d-sulfoxide-like factor is contained in the honey than biotin. The same examination of five kinds of pollens gave approximately the same values from both bacilli, the values being 87-280mγ/g. (average, 185mγ/g.). Therefore, majority of the factor in the pollens is biotin and biotin d-sulfoxide is not contained in them. The same examination of the bee bread gave the same values with the two bacilli, the value being 100mγ/g.
  • 生物試験法による生薬ならびに生薬方剤の研究4. ビオチンの研究 その6
    後藤 實
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 423-425
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Queen cell, formed during the season when milk vetch is the source of honey, was taken out, lyophilized with dry ice to prevent change during the time elapsed until experiment, and the biotin-like factor in the royal jelly thereby obtained was examined by microbiological assay. Growth of Lactobacillus arabinosus and L. casei was examined in a biotin-deficient medium added with royal jelly. Although the former bacillus thrived in this medium, the latter did not grow. It was assumed that the reason why L. casei, which requires biotin for growth, failed to grow was by the action of growth inhibiting substance in royal jelly or enzyme-like component that decomposes biotin. However, further examination discredited their presence. From such results, it was thought that the factor in royal jelly is a substance other than biotin which behaves like biotin towards L. arabinosus but has no biotin-like activity towards L. casei.
  • 生物試験法による生薬ならびに生薬方剤の研究5. ビオチンの研究 その7
    後藤 實
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 426-429
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The factor present in royal jelly, which allows growth of L. arabinosus in a synthetic medium deficient of biotin, was found to lose its activity on the additon of a definite amount of an aqueous solution of egg white and the activity is regained if this solution is heated for 5 minutes at 15-1b. pressure. The solution of royal jelly, either before or after hydrolysis with acid or alkali, does not possess activity against L. casei, although no change occurs by such treatment to the activity against L. arabinosus. The paper chromatography of the growth-factor in royal jelly gave a spot whose Rf value approximately agreed with that of biotin d-sulfoxide. From these experimental results, the growth factor for L. arabinosus contained in royal jelly is not biotin, biotin l-sulfoxide, or bound-form biotin, but must be biotin d-sulfoxide. The amount contained is 2500-3000 mγ per g. of fresh royal jelly.
  • 生物試験法による生薬ならびに生薬方剤の研究6. ビオチンの研究その8
    後藤 實
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 429-432
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The biotin d-sulfoxide-like factor, contained in a large amount in royal jelly, was examined as to what form it is present in the larva of queen bee. It was thereby learned, from the activity ratio against L. arabinosus and L. casei, that the majority is present as biotin and the factor corresponding to biotin d-sulfoxide is present only in about 1/3 the amount of biotin. The bacterial body of L. arabinosus, grown by the biotin d-sulfoxide-like factor in royal jelly, also contains biotin similar to that grown with biotin.
    From the experimental results obtained to date, the mutual relationship of the biotin-like factors in honey, royal jelly, and allied substances may be summarized as follows: (1) Biotin in bee bread comes from the pollens. (2) Biotin and biotin d-sulfoxide in mature working bees were probably produced by the biological oxidation of biotin in pollens and bee-bread to biotin d-sulfoxide. (3) Biotin in the honey must have been dissolved out from the pollens mixed in honey and biotin d-sulfoxide must have been secreted by working bees. (4) Biotin d-sulfoxide in royal jelly was secreted by working bees. (5) Biotin in the larva of queen bee must have been formed by the reduction of biotin d-sulfoxide in royal jelly.
  • 宮木 高明, 山岸 三郎, 高橋 明
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 433-436
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various alcohol and phenol esters of isodehydroacetic acid, 1, 2-pyrone derivatives such as parasorbic acid, 3-acetyl-1, 2-pyrone derivatives such as 3-acetyl-4, 6, 6-trimethyl-5, 6-dihydro-1, 2-pyran-2-one, and allied compound of dehydroacetic acid such as acetyldimedone, were prepared and their antibacterial and antifungal activities were examined (cf. Table I). The results indicated that the antifungal activities of such pyrone compounds depended, not only on the 1, 2-pyrone or 3-acetyl-1, 2-pyrone type structure but also on the presence of a carbonyl group in the 4-position, and that the introduction of a carboxyl group in the 5-position of the pyrone ring caused appearance of an antibacterial action. It is assumed that this antibacterial mechanism is not related to the SH-enzyme system, as was the case with dehydroacetic acid, and since the antifungal activity of isode-hydroacetate series was increased by copper sulfate, the antibacterial mechanism of these compounds was different. It was also found that there is almost no difference in the antifungal activities of the two stereoisomers, trans: trans-and trans: cis-sorbic acid (cf. Table II).
  • 宮木 高明, 山岸 三郎
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 436-440
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thirty-six kinds of various thiol esters were prepared and their antifungal activity was examined. It was found that p-hydroxyphenyl thiobenzoate could be prepared in better yields from p-hydroxybenzoic acid through its ethoxycarbonyl derivative rather than through its acid chloride. Phenyl thioacetate and thiophenyl esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids inhibit the growth of fungi in 10-3 to 10-4 molar concentrations (cf. Table II). On the other hand, the thiol esters such as benzyl and ethyl thioacetates failed to show any antifungal activity, from which it is assumed that the antifungal activity lies in R-COS-C6H5. In the case of aromatic esters, besides phenyl thiobenzoate, o- and p-hydroxyphenyl thiobenzoates alone showed antifungal activity. Only about 8% of phenyl thiobenzoate is hydrolyzed into benzoic acid and thiophenol by the enzymatic preparation of Willia anomala (Fig. 1). Even from this point, the appearance of antifungal activity seems to require the structure of R-COS-C6H5.
  • リチウムイオンの分離定量に就いて
    益子 安, 甘露寺 泰雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 441-445
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    It was found that 0.01 p. p. m of Li+ could be determined by passing mineral water through a column of Amberlite IR-120 (100-mesh), eluting this column with a mixture of 30% methanol and 0.2 N hydrochloric acid, and submitting this eluate to flame photometry. The maximum error is within 4% and can generally be limited to 1-2%.
  • Diosgeninの新原料植物
    武田 健一, 岡西 爲人, 島岡 有昌
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 445-447
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has been shown earlier that diosgenin was isolated from the rhizome and root of Heloniopsis japonica Maxim. (I) and of Reineckia carnea Kunth. Later, diosgenin was also isolated from the leaves, flower, and immature fruit of (I), rhizome and root (II) of Aspidistra elatior Blume, whole herb of Clintonia udensis Trautr. et Mey., and the rhizome and root of Liliope koreana (Palib.) Nakai. Identification was made by the mixed fusion of the genin and its acetate, and by the comparison of infrared absorption spectra. A small amount of a sapogenin of around m. p. 260°, besides diosgenin, was obtained from (II), and also a saponin of m. p. 282° (decomp) was isolated. These are being examined.
  • 刈米 達夫, 河野 信助
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 448-450
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new flavonoid was isolated from the leaves of Sciadopitys verticillata Sieb. et Zucc. (family Sciadopitydaceae) and was named sciadopitysin. It comes as yellow crystals, m. p. 286°, C33H24O10, and is a monomethyl ether of ginkgetin, the flavone in the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L., but the structure of ginkgetin has not been determined as yet.
  • Sciadopitysinの分解
    刈米 達夫, 河野 信助
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 451-453
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Decomposition of sciadopitysin by boiling it with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide afforded a ketoflavone, m. p. 242°, C25H20O7, a carboxyflavone, m. p. 311°, C26H20O9, anisic acid, p-methoxyacetophenone, and 2, 6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone. The yield of these decomposition products, as shown in Table II, varied with the concentration of the alkali and duration of boiling.
  • Ketoflavone及びCarboxyflavoneの構造
    刈米 達夫, 河野 信助
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 453-456
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Both the ketoflavone, C25H20O7, and the carboxyflavone, C26H20O9, obtained by the decomposition of sciadopitysin, possess two methoxyls and two phenolic hydroxyls, and was assumed to have acacetin 7-methyl ether as the parental skeleton and an acyl group as the side-chain. Tentative structures of (IV) and (V) are respectively proposed for the two flavones.
  • エタノール性カリによるSciadopitysin Trimethyl Etherの分解
    河野 信助
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 457-461
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Decomposition of sciadopitysin trimethyl ether and ketoflavone dimethyl ether with ethanolic potassium hydroxide afforded a phenol ketone of m. p. 227°, and two kinds of phenol carboxylic acids of m. p. 218° (decomp.) and 294° (decomp.). Their respective structures were assumed as (IX), (X), and (XI). The structure (XII) was proposed for sciadopitysin itself and its decomposition was assumed as shown in Table I.
  • 赤須 通美, 宮崎 利夫, 太田 達男
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 462-463
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A reddish brown fatty oil exhibiting an amethyst fluorescence was obtained in 19.4% yield from the seeds of Stephanie cepharantha Hayata (Menispermaceae) by extraction with ether. d413 0.9219. Iodine number, 133.4. The benzine solution of the crude oil was shaken with 2% HCI to remove the alkaloidal components, the oil obtained was saponified, and the presence of the following fatty acids was established by the usual method. The liquid acids (84.5%) were chiefly composed of oleic acid and 19.2% of linoleic acid for the total fatty acids. The solid acids (15.5%) were composed of palmitic and stearic acids. From the unsaponifiable fraction, a crystalline power (0.44%), containing a purple fluorescent substance, an oily substance (0.35%), and phytosterol (ca. 0.1%) were obtained.
  • 太田 達男, 宮崎 利夫
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 463-464
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The fruit of Skimmia repens Nakai contains a trace of an alkaloid whose Rf value in the paper partition chromatography agreed with that of dictamnine. From the benzine-soluble portion of the ether extract (I) of the seeds, a light yellowish brown fatty oil (II), d425 0.9184, was obtained in 9.7% yield. Acid value, 1.66, saponification value, 185.6. (II) was saponified and the fatty acids were separated into liquid (39%) and solid (61%) acids by the Twitchell method. The solid acids were composed of palmitic and stearic acids in approx. equal proportions. The liquid acids were composed of linolenic, linoleic, and oleic acids in that increasing order. The crystals, m.p. 258 (decomp.), C18H24O6, [α]D25: -53.9°, were isolated from the benzine-insoluble portion of (I) in 0.18% yield.
  • 水上 聰, 家城 忠義, 小山 千惠子
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 465-466
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Because of a few defective points in the Kuhn-Roth method, the method using iodometry was examined and fundamental experiments were carried out on lowpressure distillation. It was found that the distillation could be shortened, and that by changing the acetic acid titration to the back-titration method, it would be possible to determine the acetyl with an error of ±0.3%.
  • 水上 聰, 家城 忠義
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 467-468
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Determination of acetyl group by titration through iodometry, after removal of excess sodium hydroxide used for hydrolysis through the cation exchange resin, Amberlite IR-120, was examined. Studies were made on the devise of an apparatus, error of the resin itself, and blank tests, and it was confirmed that the determination could be carried out with an accuracy of ±0.5%.
  • 各地産のトリカブト植物塩基について その6
    落合 英二, 金子 雅英
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 469-470
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The basic component of the aconite (Ochiai No. 20), collected in the Shimokita Peninsula, was isolated, from which Shimoburo-base I, m. p. 198-202°, and II, m. p. 208-213° (decomp.), as the chief components, Takawo-base I, m. p. 196-198°, and a minute amount of crystals, m. p. 298-300° (decomp.), as the minor components, were obtained. Takawo-base I was identical with that obtained from the aconite collected at the base of Takawo Mountain in Tokyo Prefecture, agreeing with the formula C23H37O7N; [α]D25+76.9° (MeOH). This aconite (Ochiai No.20) differred from the one collected in Shimoburo and Sakuma of the same village in that kobusine was absent and isohypognavin was not isolated.
  • 杉本 典夫, 田中 雅
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 470-471
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a process for the mass production of Pyrazine-carboxamide on an industrial scale, two new method of syntheses, starting with pyrazine-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid, were considered. These methods were found to make it possible to synthesize a large amount of the desired substance in one batch, with a comparatively good yield.
  • Tryptamineの合成
    恩田 政行, 川西 正純, 笹本 光雄
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 472-473
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new method for synthesizing tryptamine was established. Indole-3-aldehyde was reacted with nitromethane to form 3-(2-nitroethenyl) indole and this was reduced with lithium aluminum hydride to tryptamine.
  • クロマツ葉蝋について
    刈米 達夫, 礒井 廣一郎
    1956 年 76 巻 4 号 p. 473-474
    発行日: 1956/04/25
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    As the wax of the leaves of Pinus Thunbergii Parl., sabinic acid, hexadecane-1, 16-diol, dodecane-1, 12-diol, and triacontan-1-ol were newly isolated. The last named came as crystals melting at 96.5-97°, and is a secondary ketonic alcohol of C31H62O2.
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