In the course of another experiment we recognized that the Saisawa strain of B. pseudotuberculosis rodentium, which was fu ished by Japan Army Medical School, was agglutinated by the immune serum against S. typhi, S. enteriditis or S. blegdan, all of which belong to the D group of Salmonella.
According to Schiitze (1928) and Kauffmann (1933), the smooth form of B. pseudotub erculosis rbdentium has the thermolab ile flagellar antigen and the thermostable somatic antigens. The former is common to all strains of B. pseudotuberculosis. rodentium, but the latter consist of 8 antigenic factors, of which one factor is related to the somatic antigen of S. paratyphi B, S. reading, S. derb y and S. abortus equi. Kauffmann has identified this antigen with a part of the antigen IV, i. e., IV₁.. It is remarkable that a part of the antigens of B. pseudotuberculosis rodentium is common to that of Salmonella bacilli, but on the common antigen, other than the above stated antigen IV₁, there is only one report issued in Japan and none in other countries.
From this standpoint it is noteworthy that in Ikegaki's report the Ikegaki strain of B. pseudatuberculosis rodentium, isolated from a monkey brought from the South Sea Islands, had a thermostable antigen common to S. typhi, S. enteritidis and S. pulloruxn.
But it appears very curious that in Ikegaki's experiment the Saisawa strain, used as a control, was reported not to be agglutinated by the immune sera against these strains. Thus it becomes doubtful whether the Saisawa strain used by us or that used by Ikegaki is not the true Saisawa strain. It becomes also a question as to whether the Saisawa strain, used by us might have been confused with the Ikegaki strain by mistake, or else that Ikegaki's report was wrong. In order to solve this question we got from Kitasato Institute Saisawa strain (which we designate as Saisawa (K) strain), Ikegaki strain, Saru 1, 1 strain, Saru 1, 2 strain and Sara 2 strain, and compared these strains with the Saisawa strain given by Japan Army Medical School (which we describe as Saisawa (A) strain) . After various experiments we found that not only the Saisawa strain but all other strains have the O antigen IX. In this report we describe the data involved in the study of the Saisawa strain.

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Streptomycin was discovered by Waksman, Schatz and Bugie of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, during the course of a systematic program devoted to the study of antibiotic materials, begun in 1939, and the antibacterial properties of this new antibiotic agent have since been well established by the works of many investigators. Indeed, as the results of such works, streptomycinn has, in addition to exhibiting marked antibacterial effect against gram-negative organisms, also shown possibilities as a chemotherapeutic agent against infections duo to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Another antibacterial agent characterized by tuberculo-bacteriostatic properties. T is o-aminophenol, a synthetic product, reported by Okamoto and his co-workers in 1924.
Recently, the writers have had an opportunity to carry out some comparative experiments with streptomycin and o-aminophenol. The results of these experiments are reported here.

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Our preliminary paper appeared in October, 1945 (1) reported, in so far as we knew, the first experimental evidence that O.A.-azo-tuberculin gives powerful tuberculin skin reaction in tuberculous guinea-pigs, and has very low toxicity for guineapigs infected with a human strain of tubercle bacilli.
While engaged in the study of the pharmacological action of O.A.azo-tuberculin.n derivatives, we have recently noticed a curious phenomenon indicating that O. A.-azo-tuberculin dissolves the red blood cells.
In view of this finding, it was also of interest to study the effect of various aminophenol azo-protein derivatives upon red blood cells. For this purpose, a number of azo-protein derivatives were prepared and tested for their hemolytic activity, and the results are reported in the present communication.

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Metachromasy is a phenomenon in cytological staining (1) . When a specimen is treated with some coloring matter solution, it is colored sometimes in the different color tone from the original solution. For instance, mucilage of various kinds of shellfish, basic substances of cartilage, granules of mast cells, metachromatin or volutin of protozoa, and some kinds of mucilages of plants-agar, alginic acid, gum arabic etc.-are colored deeply with special basic coloring matters like toluidine blue and thionine, while the color tone is reddish purple to red instead of blue.
The cause of metachromasy is considered, up to the present, to be as follows.
1) Adsorption of coloring matters to granules, or the occurance of coagulative precipitation (Möllendrof (2), Jancso (3) ) .
2) Change of the chemical structure of coloring matter induced by the combina-tion with a special ingredient of the cell material (Lison (4), Kelly and Miller (5), Holmes (6) ) .
3) The difference of stainability of the components of coloring matter mixture (such as acidic and alkaline structure, oxidative and reductive structure, and im-pure pure contamination) (Thorpe (7) ) .
4) The influence of rH, pH or special salts.
In the first case there should be the change of colloidal state of a coloring mat-ter in dispersion medium.
The second reason is most widely accepted. L. Lison comparatively recently investigated metachromasy at the point of this view. A substance which is stained metachromatically is called a chromotropica, for instance, the salts of high-molecular sulfuric acid ester like chondroitin sulfuric . acid, cholesterin sulfuric acid etc. In fact, some specimen such as mucilages of shellfish or basic substances of cartilage; proved with evident metachromasy, contain polysulfuric acid ester of high-molecular polysaccharide.
Lison tells that, when such special substances combine with the coloring matter, the structure of the coloring matter changes into the metachromatxc structure, andd only the coloring matter having at least one group of amino or imino radical as an auxochrome shows evident nrietachromasy.
Holmes noticed the tautomeric change of the structure. According to the recent investigation of Michaelis and Granich (8), the formation of polymer may cause metachromasy.
Before the discussion of the experimental results, we postulate the three questions:
1) Is it limited to the basic coloring matter containing at least one imino-group in the molecule which reveals metachromasy?
2) Is the chromotropic substance limited to only high-molecular sulfuric acid ester?
3) How is the physico-chemical mechanism of metachromasy ?

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The clinical application of electroencephalography has gradually increased not only in psychiatry but also in neuro-surgery.
At the present time in the electroencephalographic studies many authors use Walter's apparatus, but such apparatus was unable to be manufactured in Japan during the wartime. So we used a simple apparatus, and studied the clinical changes of the E.E.G. in the case of brain-surgery. Especially I endeavoured to analyse these changes to explain the clinical meaning.

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