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Volume 18, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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YOSHITAKA KOMIYA, AKIO KOBAYASHI1965 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 1-17
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe quickest way to control and eradicate parasites is to break up their life cycle at its weakest point. In the cases of soil-borne parasites, techniques applied in the breakup of their life cycle include (1) repeated mass treatment of the infected population to eliminate the worms they harbor, (2) handling and treatment of night-soil to render eggs and larvae non-viable, and (3) procedure for the removal or inactivation of eggs on food. Among these, in Japan, the periodic mass treatments are recognized as the “main pillar” on which prevention of Ascaris and hookworm infections rests.
The following is a brief summary of techniques developed and applied in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1730K) -
I. MECHANISMS OF FREEZE-DRYINGYUKIO SAHARA1965 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 19-31
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The process of freeze-drying was analyzed quantitatively using a manifold-type apparatus newly designed. It was found that the process is generally devided into the following stage and periods: the preliminary stage, the constant rate period, and the falling rate period.
2) The preliminary stage begins immediately after the beginning of drying, and may take various velocities of drying according mainly to the surface temperature of material pre-frozen at the beginning of drying.
3) The constant rate period follows the preliminary stage with a constant drying velocity. In this period, the velocities of various materials were noticed to be almost the same as that of pure distilled water. It was also recognized that in this period the values of the drying velocities computed from the radiation-heat coincided well with those actually measured.
4) The falling rate period which follows the constant rate period might be composed of three sub-processes, namely the first, the second and the third stage. The mechanism of transition from the constant rate period to the falling rate period might be explained that the resistance of the superficial portion of material which had become porous by drying against water molecules evaporating from the undried portion changed from very weak to strong.View full abstractDownload PDF (1267K) -
TOSHIO YANAGISAWA1965 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 33-44
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The respiratory rate of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs embryonating at 30°C was determined at various developmental stages by means of Warburg technique at 30°C. It was 12.7μl/hr/106 eggs just after removal from the uterus and later rapidly decreased to the minimum of 4.8 μl at 45 hours after incubation. Then it increased with time to the maximum of about 20 μl at 8-14 days, which was followed by a gradual decrease to about 4.0 μl at 30-35 days. Afterwards it was kept constant but as low as 2-4 μl by the 175th day.
2. The effect of cyanide on the egg respiration was studied at 30°C and 37°C, using the eggs at 10 to 35 days. It was likely that this inhibition decreased with time in 30°C-experiments. In 37°C-experiments, it was clearly demonstrated that a high inhibition occurred in younger embryonated eggs and to a lower extent in old ones.
3. Long-term determinations (2 to 6 hours) were carried out on the eggs at 10-35 days to detect changes in their respiratory rate at 37°C. The rate of eggs at 10-20 days decreased with time over the whole period of experiments while the rate of 35-175-day-old eggs was always higher at the second reading than that at the first and was then followed by a decrease at the last and third one.
4. The above-mentioned results are discussed and interpreted from the viewpoint of physiological host-parasite relations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1081K) -
CHIAKI NISHIMURA1965 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 45-48
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (401K) -
1965 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 49-72
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2175K)
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