Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology
Online ISSN : 1884-2828
Print ISSN : 0021-5112
ISSN-L : 0021-5112
Volume 24, Issue 5
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • TSUTOMU SHIMIZU, RITSUKO HIROHATA, YASUKO NOMURA, KAGEAKI AIBARA, KOME ...
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 271-279
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to prove sodium toxicity of MSG, baby chicks known to be the most susceptible one to sodium chloride were chosen as the experimental animal. Almost isotonic solution of MSG, NaCl or monopotassium glutamate was given ad libitum as the sole source of drinking water. Two-day old chickens given MSG died of gout within a few days and showed higher mortality and lesions severer than those given physiological saline, while none died nor was weakened among those receiving monopotassium glutamate. Very rapid development of kidney lesions and a large amount of urate deposits were the two main features resulting from MSG ingestion, and primary histological changes were tubular degeneration and tophi obstruction in collecting ducts. Even at half concentration, MSG ingestion caused lobar atrophy in the kidney and some died of gout. Besides sodium toxicity, glutamate counterpart is suspected of contributing to uric acid synthesis.
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  • SATORU KONDO, SEIJI SADAHIRO, KIYOSUMI YAMAUCHI, HISASHI KONDO, RYOSUK ...
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 281-294
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Habu venom and the purified toxic principles (HR1 and HR2) were converted to toxoid with formalin. Immunogenicity was preserved well consistently if formalin was added in several steps to a final concentration of about 0.8%. An adsorbed mixed toxoid composed of purified HR1 and HR2 toxoids was proved to contain all the important antigens necessary for the protection against the envenomation by the Habu bite. Potency of the toxoid preparations can be determined by titrating the circulating antitoxins (anti-HR1 and antiHR2) of the immunized guinea pigs. A practical method for potency test was proposed, in which the potency is expressed in the relative value to a reference toxoid.
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  • KENJI SODA
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 295-311
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Conditions for the production of plaques by cytopathogenic strains of coxsackie A 7 (CA 7) virus were examined, and plaque characteristics and biological properties of the virus strains were studied. Out of 14 strains of CA 7 virus, AB-IV-KH and two lines of the prototype strains showed remarkable heterogeneity in size of plaques in monkey kidney cells, while the other strains produced uniform, small plaques only. An appropriate concentration of DEAE-dextran or protamine sulfate in the agar overlay enhanced significantly the formation of plaques by these strains, especially of small plaques, and the concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the agar overlay was also proved to be one of the important factors affecting the plaque formation of the virus. A large plaqueforming (LP) and a small plaqueforming (SP) viruses were obtained from AB-IV-KH strain by serial plaque purifications or terminal dilution passages. LP virus was genetically less stable than SP virus, and plaque production of SP virus was significantly enhanced by DEAE-dextran or protamine sulfate and reversely inhibited by agar extract or sulfated polysaccharides. No differences in growth rate in monkey kidney cell cultures, serological property or pathogenicity in suckling mice were observed between LP and SP viruses.
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  • KOOMI KANAI, EIKO KONDO
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 313-321
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Viable forms of tubercle bacillus, even when they are essentially drug-sensitive, can persist in mouse tissue under the treatment with antituberculous drugs. This peculiar phenomenon characteristics of the chronic stage of infection is called “microbial persistence”. To explain the underlying mechanism, some model experiments were conducted. Infection with resting bacilli was attained in mice with a streptomycin-dependent strain having completed residual growth on the medium lacking the antibiotic. Isoniazid administration failed to eliminate such resting bacilli from the mouse tissue. An additional experiment showed that the challenge inoculum whose multiplication was inhibited by vaccine-induced immunity did not respond satisfactorily to the mycobactericidal action of isoniazid. These observations and others led us to a view that microbial persistence results from the insensitiveness to chemotherapeutics of the bacilli in a resting condition under the pressure of infection immunity.
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  • HISASHI KONDO, SATORU KONDO, SEIJI SADAHIRO, KIYOSUMI YAMAUCHI, RYOSUK ...
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 323-327
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • FRANK T. PERKINS
    1971 Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 329-344
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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