Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology
Online ISSN : 1884-2828
Print ISSN : 0021-5112
ISSN-L : 0021-5112
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Volume 33, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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  • COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF PATHOGENICITY OF MEASLES, CANINE DISTEMPER, AND RINDERPEST VIRUSES
    KAZUYA YAMANOUCHI
    1980 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 41-66
    Published: 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.33.41
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • INFLUENCE OF ANTI-FRAGMENT A OF DIPHTHERIA TOXIN ON PASSIVE HEMAGGLUTINATION WITH ANTITOXIN
    SHOICHI KAMEYAMA, KIYOSUMI YAMAUCHI, SACHIKO YASUDA, SATORU KONDO
    1980 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 67-80
    Published: 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.33.67
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Hemagglutination (HA) and toxin neutralization (TN) tests were used to titrate human and guinea-pig serum specimens taken at various stages of immunization for diphtheria antitoxin. The ratio of HA to TN titers varied significantly depending on the immune status. The ratios and the range of their variations became larger and high values exceeding five were often obtained after repeated booster immunization. Such a high value was proved to be related to the antibody against fragment A (FrA) of diphtheria toxin, since the ratio reduced significantly when anti-FrA was absorbed. Anti-FrA was not produced in children after the basic immunization with diphtheria toxoid and was detected in only one-third of vaccines after the booster injection given after 1 year. It was produced abundantly, however, when booster immunization was repeated. The pattern of production of anti-FrA in guinea pigs was similar to that in humans, when immunized with diphtheria toxoid with adjuvant. No anti-FrA was produced even when the animals were immunized repeatedly with plain diphtheria toxoid.
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  • THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE MALLARD DUCK (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS) TO CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM C2 TOXIN
    WAYNE I. JENSEN, RUTH M. DUNCAN
    1980 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 81-86
    Published: 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.33.81
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Most strains of Clostridium botulinum type C, after having lost their capacity to produce their dominant toxin (C1) as a result of being“cured”of their prophages, continue to produce C2, a trypsin-activable toxin reported by other investigators. While of relatively low toxicity when administered perorally to the adult mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos), it was highly toxic when given parenterally. By the intravenous route, for example, it was more than 1, 000 times as toxic as C1 toxin by the same route, when compared on the basis of mouse intraperitoneal toxicity. The cause of death in every instance was massive pulmonary edema and hemorrhage rather than the respiratory paralysis that occurs in C1 intoxication.
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  • PHOSPHOLIPASE A2-INDUCED ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN THE MEMBRANE FRACTION OBTAINED FROM PERITONEAL EXUDATE CELLS OF GUINEA PIGS
    KOOMI KANAI, EIKO KONDO
    1980 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 87-101
    Published: 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.33.87
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Tubercle bacilli were preincubated with the membrane fraction separated from casein-induced peritoneal exudate cells of guinea pigs, and subsequently exposed to exogenous phospholipase A2. Marked reduction in viable counts occurred in the incubation mixture at pH 5.6. The additional presence of cholesterol esterase, which alone was inactive, enhanced greatly the phospholipase A2-induced mycobactericidal activity of the fraction. Lipid analysis revealed degradation of phospholipids. The use of cell sap, in place of the membrane fraction, was not only ineffective in the same experimental system, but also neutralized the enzyme-induced activity of the latter. Bacteriostatic effect was also demonstrated in the enzyme-containing Kirchner semi-solid agar medium into which the bacilli were inoculated after being preincubated with the membrane fraction.
    An additional observation was that the mycobactericidal effect was also revealed when the artificial biomembrane (liposomes) prepared with phospholipids extracted from the exudate cells was used in place of the membrane fraction.
    These results support such an assumption that toxic fatty acids released from membrane phospholipids have an opportunity to kill the mycobacteria which are in close contact with the membrane.
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  • ANTIBODY RESPONSE FOLLOWING RUBELLA IMMUNIZATION ANALYZED BY HLA TYPES
    KEIZO ISHII, NAOKI NAKAZONO, HARUMI SAWADA, AKEMI WAKISAKA, JUNKO MORI ...
    1980 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 103-106
    Published: 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.33.103
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Possible association between HLA antigens and antibody response to rubella vaccine was examined in 71 seronegative adult females, aged from 18 to 23, immunized with QEF vaccine. High responders (HAT antibody titer≥1: 32) with HLA-B15 were significantly higher in frequency than those without HLA-B15 (p<0.05) . On the other hand, subjects with HLA-A9 had a tendency toward low immune responsiveness, including all the three non-responders. These results suggest that the antibody response to rubella vaccine may be influenced by the hostgenetic factors relating to HLA antigens.
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