Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology

MOLECULAR CLONING OF cDNA OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) GENOME FROM A HEALTHY CARRIER IN AN ABORIGINAL COMMUNITY IN TAIWAN WITH HIGH PREVALENCE OF HCV INFECTION

Wen-Hsiang CHOU, Lisa SHEU, Shu-Fen CHENG, Shu-Hua SHEU, Chih-Feng LU, ...

1991 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 147-157
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.44.147

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We analyzed hepatitis C virus (HCV) obtained from a healthy HCV carrier in an aboriginal community with high prevalence of HCV infection. By use of random primers and specific oligonucleotide primers, a cDNA fragment of putative non-structural 3 (NS3) region of the HCV genome was cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using RNA extracted from a serum sample of a healthy HCV carrier in Taur-Yuan village. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences from the 583 nucleotides long cDNA were compared with those of equivalent region of HCV of other previously reported clones: [J1, HCV-J (regarded as major type of HCV in Japan) and US prototype] . They had 93.7% (546/583), 93.1% (543/583) and 80.4% (469/583) homology at the nucleotide level and 96.9% (188/194), 96.9% (188/194) and 91.8% (178/194) homology at the amino acid level, respectively. These results showed that HCV prevalent in an aboriginal community in Taiwan is more similar to Japanese type than to the US prototype.

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CYTOPATHOGENICITY OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA TO HUMAN INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS: INHIBITION BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AND SERA FROM AMOEBIC PATIENTS

Radha Krishan SHANDIL, Virender Kumar VINAYAK

1991 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 159-169
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.44.159

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Interactions of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica (HM 1) with human intestinal epithelial cells (Henle - 407) were investigated. The E. histolytica trophozoites adhered and cytolysed 87% of cultured epithelial cell monolayers. A significant (P<0.001) inhibition of cytopathic effect of amoebic trophozoites pretreated with monoclonal antibodies to a 29 kDa surface associated protein suggested utilization of the 29 kDa surface protein in recognition and cytolysis of epithelial target cells. The polyclonal sera from treated patients of amoebic liver abscess and anti-amoebic hyperimmune serum inhibited cytopathogenicity to a greater degree (P<0.001) than did the monoclonal antibodies. The data thus suggest involvement of several amoebic molecules in exercising cytopathogenicity to epithelial cells.

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VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS-MEDIATED CELL FUSION SUBSEQUENT TO VIRUS ADSORPTION AT DIFFRENT pH VALUES

Satoshi NAGATA, Takeshi KURATA, Yoshio UENO, Joe CHIBA

1991 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 171-180
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.44.171

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Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) -mediated cell fusion from without can be induced by transient exposure to low pH, subsequent to adsorption of VSV at neutral pH. To study the mechanism of VSV-induced cell fusion, we examined the effect of pH condition at virus adsorption on acid-inducible VSV-mediated cell fusion. Although the binding of VSV to BHK-21 cells was most efficient under acidic condition (pH 5.7-6.3), extensive cell fusion was not observed under this condition. A temporary exposure to low pH after binding at neutral pH also decreased fusion activity. However, return to neutral pH for 2 min just after the acid binding restored the fusion activity. These results indicate the requirement of neutral pH condition for VSV-mediated cell fusion prior to the acid stimulation which induces conformational change of the virus glycoprotein into a fusogenic form.

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INHIBITION OF ROTAVIRUS AND ENTEROVIRUS INFECTIONS BY TEA EXTRACTS

Atsushi MUKOYAMA, Hiroshi USHIJIMA, Shuichi NISHIMURA, Hinako KOIKE, M ...

1991 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 181-186
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.44.181

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Epigallocatechin gallate from green tea and theaflavin digallate from black tea inhibited infections of cultured rhesus monkey kidney MA 104 cells with rotaviruses and enteroviruses. Their antiviral effects were maximally induced when directly added to virus, and their pre- and post-treatment of the cells produced much weak antiviral activity. Antiviral activity of the extracts therefore seems to be attributable to interference with virus adsorption.

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CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTI-Le^b ANTIBODY PURIFIED FROM SERUM OF IMMUNIZED RABBITS

Osamu HOSOMI, Shin YAZAWA, Akira TAKEYA

1991 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 187-193
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.44.187

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An anti-Le^b antibody was produced in sera of rabbits by immunization with human saliva from blood group O Le (a-b+) secretor and purified by sequential use of silica beads immobilized with H type 1, Le^a and Le^b. The purified antibody agglutinated only Le (a-b+) red cells irrespective of their ABO blood type. Hemagglutination reaction with the antibody of blood group O Le (a-b+) red cells was inhibited not only by saliva samples from blood group Le (a-b+) secretors and Synsorb beads immobilized with Le^b hapten, but also weakly by Synsorb immobilized with Y and H type 2 haptens.

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