Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology
Online ISSN : 1884-2828
Print ISSN : 0021-5112
ISSN-L : 0021-5112
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Volume 45, Issue 5-6
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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  • SEROSURVEILLANCE FOR PSEUDOMONAS PSEUDOMALLEI INFECTION IN THAILAND
    Pimjai NAIGOWIT, Wanchai MANEEBOONYOUNG, Piyada WONGROONSUB, Vipada CH ...
    1992 Volume 45 Issue 5-6 Pages 215-230
    Published: 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.45.215
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A nation-wide survey was conducted to see the prevalence of serosensitivity to Pseudomonas pseudomallei antigens by indirect hemagglutination (IRA) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) for IgG and IgM. Serum samples were collected from blood donors in eight selected areas and bacteriologically confirmed melioidosis patients in Ubon Ratchathani province. The distribution patterns of antibody titers were compared among the survey areas with cut-off points set at 1: 160 for IRA, 1: 4 for IFA-IgM and 1: 32 for IFA-IgG. These cut-off points were decided by ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) analysis. The specificity (% true negative reactions) of each serological test in the general population differed significantly among survey areas, possibly reflecting the extent of inapparent infection in each community. IFA was more successful than IRA in differentiating between negative from positive reactions. The survey classified the areas into endemic (Khon Kaen, Ubon Ratchathani), transported (Bangkok), and non-endemic (other provinces) types.
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  • SEROSURVEILLANCE FOR DOUBLE INFECTION WITH PSEUDOMONAS PSEUDOMALLEI IN TUBERCULOUS PATIENTS
    Koomi KANAI, Somsak AKKSILP, Pimjai NAIGOWIT, Vipada CHAOWAGUL, Takesh ...
    1992 Volume 45 Issue 5-6 Pages 231-245
    Published: 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.45.231
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The serosensitivity to Pseudomonas pseudomallei antigen in pulmonary tuberculous patients was surveyed in Ubon Ratchathani Province, a melioidosis-endemic and tuberculosis-prevalent area in Thailand. Indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) for IgM and IgG were employed for the measurement of antibody levels, with cut-off points set at 1: 160, 1: 8, and 1: 32, respectively. Retrospective protocol survey of clinical data was also conducted. From these studies, however, no evidence was obtained to show that tuberculous patients have a disposition to acquire doubleinfected with P. pseudomallei and to develop melioidosis. The serosensitivity was never higher than that of the general population of the province as represented by healthy blood donors, nor related with the clinical severeness. Tuberculosis and melioidosis appear to be mutually independent diseases without showing interrelated prevalence in the endemic area.
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  • A PRELIMINARY SURVEY FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENT VIRUS (HIV) INFECTIONS IN TUBERCULOSIS AND MELIOIDOSIS PATIENTS IN UBON RATCHATHANI, THAILAND
    Koomi KANAI, Takeshi KURATA, Somsak AKKSILP, Wattana AUWANIT, Vipada C ...
    1992 Volume 45 Issue 5-6 Pages 247-253
    Published: 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.45.247
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A preliminary survey was conducted for the prevalence of HIV infections in pulmonary tuberculosis and melioidosis patients in Ubon Ratchathani province, in Thailand, the second largest province in population which supplies labors to Bangkok metropolis. In this province, tuberculosis is prevalent in a higher rate than in most other provinces and melioidosis is endemic. Four HIV-seropositives were found in a total of 551 suspected and culture-positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, while no HIV-seropositive was found in 121 melioidosis patients. In view of the rapidly expanding HIV-infections in Thailand, a strict watch will be needed on the future epidemiological status of HIV-infection in tuberculous patient.
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  • OUTBREAKS OF PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS AND POLIO SURVEILLANCE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE OF CHINA
    Yasuo CHIBA, Aiqiang XU, Li LI, Guifang LIU, Toshiro TAKEZAKI, Daisaku ...
    1992 Volume 45 Issue 5-6 Pages 255-266
    Published: 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.45.255
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Widespread outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred in Shandong province, China, starting from 1988. In 1989, 484 cases were recorded, which was the peak during the past 4 years. Although emergency immunization with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) was carried out in selected counties in 1989 and 1990, control of the outbreak was not satisfactory. OPV mass immunization campaigns were introduced to cover the whole province in early 1991, and the number of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis decreased to 95. In addition to this new immunization strategy, we began to construct new polio surveillance systems.These were a network for case-negative reporting and an immediate reporting system of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) . As for the case-negative reporting, presently more than 90% of counties have been reporting presence or absence of new AFP cases. Monitoring of AFP immediate reporting has also shown a gradual improvement in several aspects. These polio surveillance activities are crucial to polio eradication programme management.
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  • SYMPOSIUM ON TOXINS
    1992 Volume 45 Issue 5-6 Pages 267-300
    Published: 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7883/yoken1952.45.267
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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