Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology
Online ISSN : 1884-2828
Print ISSN : 0021-5112
ISSN-L : 0021-5112
Volume 47, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • Fumio AMANO, Rhoichi HASHIDA, Den'ichi MIZUNO
    1994 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 179-193
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The fusion of lysosomes and other granules with phagocytic vesicles (endo-fusion) and cell membrane (exocytosis) was simultaneously examined in non-phagocytosing guinea-pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) . β-Glucuronidase as a typical lysosomal enzyme, acid phosphatase as another lysosomal enzyme, and alkaline phosphatase as a specific granule enzyme were assayed. PMNs released these three enzymes in the presence of serum but the extents of exocytosis differed considerably: release of β-glucuronidase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase was 6.9, 4.3 and 3.3%, respectively. Acid phosphatase was released even in the absence of serum, whereas the other two enzymes were not. These three enzymes showed also different responses in endofusion: the preformed phagocytic vesicles fused with the granules containing β-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase, but scarcely fused with those containing alkaline phosphatase, although all these enzymes were recovered in increasing amounts in the phagolysosome fraction when the cells were allowed to phagocytose continuously. These results suggest that fusion of these three types of granules with phagocytic vesicles (endo-fusion) and plasma membrane (exocytosis) is heterogeneous and regulated by different mechanisms in guinea-pig PMNs.
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  • Yasushi MATSUURA, Saburo ONISHI, Yasutake YAMAMOTO, Taketoshi TANIGUCH ...
    1994 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 195-210
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The presentation of an antigen endogenously processed by B lymphocytes was investigated. The expression plasmid vectors, harboring genomic rearranged V genes from two monoclonal B cells and genomic μ-constant region gene, were constructed. Two B-cell lines, the MOPC104E myeloma μ-heavy chain expressing AMB line and the control hybridoma μ-heavy chain expressing AHB line, were established by gene transfection into A20.2J B lymphoma cell line. The cloned transfectant cell lines expressed surface and cytoplasmic IgM. Radioimmunoprecipitation analysis of surface IgM revealed that both cell lines used transfected μ-heavy chain and host-derived κ-light chain. The T-cell line, MRT-2, specific for the MOPC104E protein, proliferated on AME B cell lines but not on control AHB-cell lines. MRT-2 proliferation was inhibited by anti-I-Ed, k, p, r but not by anti-I-A monoclonal antibody. Although the AME-transfectant lines secrete IgM into the culture medium, double chamber-type culture-experiments revealed that MRT-2 proliferation is not mediated by the uptake of secreted IgM. The results suggest that B cells process and present their own immunoglobulin heavy-chain V-region peptides to T cells in the context of MHC class-II molecules.
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  • Dong Wan KIM, Ryosuke SUZUKI, Takashi HARADA, Izumu SAITO, Tatsuo MIYA ...
    1994 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 211-220
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have demonstrated that the truncated hepatitis C (HCV) core protein with its C-terminal hydrophobic domains deleted is translocated to the nucleus of transfected cells (22) . In this study, intact and truncated core proteins of HCV were transiently expressed in a human hepatoblastoma cell line, HepG2, and their effects on the expression of the chloramphenycol acethyl transferase (CAT) gene driven by viral and cellular promoters were examined. The intact core protein of 22 kDa which is localized in the cytoplasm of the transfected cells suppressed the expression in all of the promoters tested. They were promoters of the SV40 early region, the c-fos oncogene, the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, the β-interferon gene and the β-actin gene. In contrast, the truncated HCV core protein located in the nucleus did not show such a suppressive activity. The HCV core protein appears to function not only as a viral structural protein but as a regulator of gene expression and it might act as a suppressive factor for the cellular gene expression.
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  • A report of the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Agents in Japan
    Kazuyo YAMASHITA, Kikuko MIYAMURA, Shizuko YAMADERA, Nobuko KATO, Masa ...
    1994 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 221-239
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two rages of epidemic of aseptic meningitis (AM) due to echovirus 30 (E30) in Japan were analyzed with respect to two sources of information, AM incidence and E30 isolation, both gathered through the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases. The first E30 epidemic spread throughout Japan in 1983 and ceased within the year. The second epidemic, starting in 1989, continued for the three successive years, and in the last year, 1991, the total E30 reports numbered 4, 061, the largest number of a single virus type ever reported. Although the epidemic showed temporal and geographical shift and lasted for one or two years in some areas, most laboratories reported the largest number of E30 isolation in 1991. Among E30-yielding cases with clinical information during 1982-1992, the associating frequency with AM was as high as 82.5%. Other central nervous system involvements such as encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis and/or paralysis were reported in 36 E30-yielding cases and their monthly and age distributions were different from those of AM cases. The proportion of such disease among E30-yielding cases (0.60%) was close to that of other enteroviruses (0.56%) . During the epidemics, E30 was isolated more frequently from cerebrospinal fluid than was E4 or E9 which prevailed coincidentally. E30 was most frequently isolated from cases of 4-7 years of age, sharing the common characteristic pattern of age distribution with other enteroviral meningitis. E30-yielding cases, however, involved a large number of older age groups than those of other enterovirus infections, and this tendency was the most pronounced in the first epidemic year, 1983. The contribution of these E30 epidemics on the yearly trend of clinically reported AM incidence and on the shift of its age distribution was also analyzed.
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