The principle component analysis was carried out on so called “pig farming and techniques” for business consultation of pig farming. The major six components were derived: the first component was reproductive techniques, the second component was swine income techniques, the third component was techniques of selling finishing pigs, the fourth component was the of specializing on pig farming, the fifth component was business manager and the sixth factor was loan in funds.
The Varimax Method was used for factor analysis. The first factor included the cost of finishing pigs per a sow, the total cost of feed, the price of finishing pigs, the number of finishing pig for market, the number of nursing piglets and the number of following as positive factors. The second factor included the income per a sow and the gross margin per a sow. As these items were related to the number of finishing pig for market per a sow and the price of finishing pigs, it indicated the soundness of business. The third factor included the cost of carcass per 1kg and cost of finishing pig. It was considered as techniques of selling finishing pig. The fourth factor included the rate of specializing on pig farming and the number of sows. It was considered as the scale factor in business. The fifth factor included the ages of manager, the days of job, superior ratio of carcass. It was considered as the business management factor. The sixth factor included the total loan in funds and the unit price of feed. As the later item was related with negative, the factor would be the loan factor.

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A producer survey was conducted to access farm production and management priority using a facsimile system in a large producer group. Of 91 respondents, 88 farrowing-to-finish operations were used for further analyses. Mean breeding-female (female) inventory was 654 on the 88 farms. Farms were categorized by their average female inventory into three groups: <200 (small farms), 200 to 999 (mid-size farm), >1, 000 females (large farm). Small farms had fewer average female inventories per employee (44.3 sows/employee) than mid-size farms (58.8 sows) and large farms (69.9 sows; P<0.05). However, no differences in pigs sold per female per year were found in the three farm groups. Priority scores were calculated based on this survey of various factors in order of importance. Of the major four factors (production cost per pig, sales per pig, farm size, and animal productivity) affecting farm profitability, producers on large farms gave the highest priority score to production cost in their management policy, while those on small and mid-size farms chose animal productivity (P<0.05). Producers in any farm size groups gave priority scores to low feed prices in order to reduce production costs. For improving sow productivity, priority scores in litters per female per year, weaned pigs per female and farrowing rate were higher than other performance measurements (P<0.05). To improve grow-finish performance, feed conversion rate was thought to be more important than mortality (P<0.05). Improving waste management (23 farms: 26.1%), facility (21 farms: 23.9%), animal productivity (8 farms: 9.1%), environment (8 farms: 9.1%) and herd health (7 farms: 8.0%) were the areas where immediate action plans were needed.

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An experiment was conducted to determine the characteristics of meat from pig×wild boar hybrid. Pig×wild boar hybrid was compared with pig about the chemical composition and fatty acid composition of longissimus thoracis muscle, and the melting point, refractive index and optical characteristics of subcutaneous fat. In the longissimus thoracis muscle, pig×wild boar hybrid had higher content of ether extract and lower content of crude protein than pig. The fatty acid composition of longissimus thoracis muscle from the pig×wild boar did not much differ from that of the pig. In the meat from pig×wild boar hybrid, the oleic acid was major, and then the palmitic, stearic and linoleic acids followed. Although the refractive index of the subcutaneous fat did not differ between the pig×wild boar hybrid and the pig, the melting point was lower for the pig×wild boar hybrid than the pig. The surface reflectance of the subcutaneous fat tended to be a little higher for the pig×wild boar hybrid than the pig, but the internal reflectance (interactance) suited the reverse relation. These results indicated that pig×wild boar hybrid had lower fat content, higher crude protein content, and similar fatty acid composition of longissimus thoracis muscle and tended to have softer and brighter subcutaneous fat, compared with pork.

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