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Volume 38, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Sugio OTANI1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 427-432
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbon has long been utilized as energy source and as shaped materials having the characteristic physical properties and chemical stability. Utilization as the former has so long history as that of humankind and has been occupied the greatest field in amount until now. Utilization as the latter began in earnest as the 19 th century, and achieved a remarkable development in our own century.
From the viewpoint of carbon technology, the development is thought to be classified in the following three currents ; (a) from char-coal to carbon fiber, (b) from carbon rods for battery to carbon materials for nuclear reactor and (c) from soot to biocarbon coated with pyrolytic carbon.
The above development make possible to control pretty well the micro-structure of carbon and the shape of products. Carbon will be utilized increasingly from now on not only as energy source but also as the indispensable new materials in the various fields of engineering.View full abstractDownload PDF (877K) -
Isao MOCHIDA, Keiko MAEDA, Kenjiro TAKESHITA1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 433-446
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbonization and graphitization reactions of carbonaceous molecules leading to the various carbon material of important application are reviewed from the viewpoint of physical organic chemistry in spite of their complexity and physical nature. The carbonization reactions consist of polymeric condensation and solidification. Some systems produce the mesophase (intermediate phase), a kind of liquid crystal state, which often determines the structure, the orientation, and crystalinity of graphite-like crystallinite and of the semicoke. The mesophase is reviewed rather extensively as for its formation, structure, and properties.
Analyses of the reaction scheme reveal the factors influencing the formation of mesophase and provides the some ideas for the design of carbonization. Catalytic and cocarbonization processes are introduced based on such analyses to modify the reaction for the production of desirable carbon material.
Chemical modification of heavy carbonaceous material such as pitch and coals is overviewed in relation with carbonaceous resource problems.View full abstractDownload PDF (2779K) -
Hidemasa HONDA1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 447-450
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reviews on a trend of recent carbon materials industry, especially that of artificial graphite electrodes, impervious carbon materials, active carbons, carbon fibers, carbon films and so on.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Koji OUCHI1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 451-459
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe importance of coal as national energy source was emphasized and the various technologies to apply the coal as energy was described from the view point of non-polluting energy. Application as the raw material for the industries, carbon like coke or graphite electrode and food manufacture was also reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1519K) -
Findings and Outlooks of Combined Acid-Base ReagentsKoichiro OSHIMA, Hitosi NOZAKI1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 460-472
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSynthetically useful reactions mediated by reagents containing aluminum as a key atom are disclosed. The reagents perform combined acid-base attack on substrates with less activation energies. The aluminum Lewis acid center serves to bind the substrate and subsequently the base directly attached to aluminum is excited by the coordination and attacks the substrate in the following rate-and product-determining step. Supports of this idea as well as extensions are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1555K) -
Hideo TSUTSUMI, Yoshiharu ISHIDO1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 473-491
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present article involves a survey on the current aspect of glycosylation reaction, which is in turn described ; utilization of glycosyl halide derivatives, of 1, 2-orthoester sugar derivatives, of 1-O-acyl sugar derivatives, of 1-OH sugar derivatives, and of other sugar derivatives for the reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1892K) -
Keiji GOTO, Norio SAEKI1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 492-505
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany Patents have so far been published with the number still increasing. Pertinent use of patent classification is necessary as a tool of searching patents for useful informations. From 1980 onward, a world-widely used classification, the International Patent Classification (IPC) is adopted as the sole patent classification in Japan. IPC is reviewed here, mainly from the standpoint of organic chemistry.View full abstractDownload PDF (1982K) -
Tomikazu ODA1980 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 506-508
Published: May 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (463K)
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