Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan
Online ISSN : 1883-6526
Print ISSN : 0037-9980
ISSN-L : 0037-9980
Volume 70, Issue 12
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
Preface
Reviews and Accounts
  • Manabu Hatano
    2012 Volume 70 Issue 12 Pages 1242-1254
    Published: December 01, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2013
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    To surpass enzymes, the potential of supramolecular catalysts to realize anomalous stereoselectivity in organic synthesis is highly attractive. However, to date, there have been a few examples of non-polymeric and non-covalent chiral supramolecular catalysts that induce both practical yield and excellent stereoselectivity. To establish high catalytic activity with anomalous stereoselectivity, in principle, an artificial cage should be conformationally flexible, like an active pocket in an enzyme with an induced-fit function. In this article, we focus on the anomalous endo/exo-selective enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction, and show the development of the successive catalysts including our recent highly active, conformationally flexible, and chiral supramolecular catalysts. The evolution from ‘ready-made’ single-molecule catalysts to ‘tailor-made’ supramolecular catalysts could offer not only high enantioselectivity but also high anomalous endo/exo-selectivity due to substrate-specific characteristics, as with enzymes.
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  • Yoshito Tobe
    2012 Volume 70 Issue 12 Pages 1255-1266
    Published: December 01, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2013
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Two-dimensional (2D) architectures, particularly porous molecular networks, on solid surfaces formed via self-assembly have received a great deal of interest because of the prospective applications in optoelectronics and tailor-made catalysis. We found that porous 2D molecular networks were formed at liquid-solid interfaces, typically an organic solvent/graphite or Au(111), by triangle-shaped phenylene-ethynylene macrocycles, dehydrobenzo[12]annulenes (DBAs), via their self-assembly by van der Waals interactions between the interdigitated alkyl chains attached to the periphery of the macrocyclic core. Factors that led to the preferential formation of porous, honeycomb-shaped networks were elucidated including the size of the π-conjugated cores, alkyl chain length, solvent, concentration, temperature, and solid substrates. Not only homochiral molecular networks were achieved by self-assembly of DBAs with chiral side chains, but also network homochirality was induced by addition of a small amount of a chiral DBA into an achiral DBA as a chirality inducer. Co-adsorption of guest molecules in the pores occurred through recognition of the size and shape, leading to selective inclusion of homo-molecular as well as hetero-molecular clusters into the nanowells. Moreover, the interior of the pores was functionalized for tailored molecular recognition toward advanced use of 2D molecular networks on surfaces.
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  • Masafumi Hirano, Nobuyuki Komine, Sanshiro Komiya
    2012 Volume 70 Issue 12 Pages 1267-1280
    Published: December 01, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2013
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    A series of catalytic linear dimerizations of substituted alkenes and dienes are promoted by zero-valent ruthenium complexes. These reactions are considered to proceed by an oxidative coupling mechanism because some key intermediates such as a ruthenacyclopentane have been isolated. The key for the reaction is 4π and 2π coordinations in a 6-electron coordination site on highly Lewis basic Ru (0), where chemo-, prochiral and regio-selective coordination and coupling reaction of substrates are taking place to give the linear dimers.
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  • Kohsuke Aikawa, Koichi Mikami
    2012 Volume 70 Issue 12 Pages 1281-1294
    Published: December 01, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2013
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    In asymmetric catalysis, many chiral ligands, atropisomeric (atropos) ones in particular, have so far been reported to attain excellent results. The word atropos consists of “a” meaning “not” and “tropos” meaning “turn” in Greek, and thus the dynamic behavior of a ligand with chirality (i.e. axis, planar, center, and helicity) can be referred to as tropos. In this paper, an advanced strategy for asymmetric activation using racemic catalysts is highlighted by the introduction of tropos ligands. The combination of a tropos ligand, a chiral activator (a chiral controller, in part), and a metal atom can, in principle, forms a single diastereomer. Through the asymmetric activation, the catalytic activity can be increased and the chiral environment of the catalyst obtained can be amplified for effective asymmetric catalysis. Additionally, the atropos enantiopure catalysts can also be isolated after the dissociation of chiral activators (referred to as controllers in this case) from the catalyst. Based on this concept, we have developed asymmetric catalysis based on tropos ligands, especially BIPHEPs.
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  • Masahiko Seki
    2012 Volume 70 Issue 12 Pages 1295-1304
    Published: December 01, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2013
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    A highly efficient catalytic system for C-H bond activation has been developed which involves inexpensive ruthenium(II) chloride hydrate and a specific amount of triphenyl phosphine. The procedure has been successfully applied to a novel and practical synthesis of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The residual ruthenium existed in the reaction mixture was thoroughly removed by the treatment with properly chosen metal scavengers. The new process permits a ready access to the important class of drugs in highly atom-economical and sustainable manner.
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