As a feature of the architectural works attracting attention in the recent media of architecture, the authors can find a concept that attempts to obscure correspondence between function and space, and to induce free activities for building users. In such architectural works, the architectural parts such as walls, openings, pillars, floors, and roofs are arranged skillfully, and the places with different scales and modes are variously produced in spite of being a single continuous space. In other words, it can be said that it is an architectural space in which heterogeneity and unevenness are incorporated. Against architectural space like that, we aim to develop a method to effectively analyze the appearance of the surrounding spatial components which are thought to have an influence on the characters in the architectural space, and to apply it to various kinds of spatial analysis.
This time, as a basic research, we developed a tool to calculate and visualize apparent size, visible rate, gaze vectors, etc for each component. In this paper, we report the calculation method, the result of accuracy verification and the case study using the developed tool. The tool proposed in this research is based on three-dimensional geometric calculation by gaze vector to all directions. In this research, we proposed a method of gaze vector array by Fibonacci lattice in order to emit the gaze vector as uniformly as possible to all directions.
As the first accuracy verification, we compared the representation accuracy of apparent size based on three kinds of gaze vector array of Fibonacci lattice, latitude longitude lattice, icosahedron based lattice, and clarified that Fibonacci lattice is highly effective. Moreover, as the second accuracy verification, we also checked the accuracy of the apparent size in order to verify that the factors such as the area and aspect ratio of an object, viewing distance, orientation to the viewpoint, etc. influence the accuracy of the apparent size to what extent using only gaze vector array by the Fibonacci lattice. As a result, it was clarified that by increasing the number of gaze vectors, the apparent size of even relatively small objects within a distance of about 20 m can be represented with high accuracy.
Based on the above verification, we developed a tool for analyzing geometric appearance feature using gaze vector array by Fibonacci lattice. The developed tool mainly has the following functions.
· Function to display apparent size and its colored map on any objects
· Function to display pie chart on the rate of apparent size
· Function to display visible rate and its colored map on any objects
· Function to display gaze vectors and average viewing distance
· Function to export and import the calculation result to / from Excel file
In order to confirm the effectiveness of each developed function and the calculation time, a case study was conducted on “house N” designed by Sou Fujimoto Architects. As a result, it was possible to confirm in detail how to escape the gaze vectors from various places in the house. In addition, by visualizing the appearance of trees, sky, and surrounding buildings by colored map, we were able to understand more specifically the features and differences of each place in the house. Furthermore, technical problems of the tool and the future tasks became clear.
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