“Machidukuri Katteren” (hereinafter referred to as MK) is defined as an entity participating in community development activities for subject area from disinterested standpoint. The objective of this study is verification of effectiveness of MK activities through understanding of the factors driving the activities, via examination of roles and cooperation methods of various participating entities of the community development activities in the case of Sankyubashisuji, Osaka.
In this study, community development activities in Sankyubashisuji were chronologically examined by activity records for overall picture, while organizing those various participating entities. Total of 16 entities were roughly categorized into three groups: (1) “entities not located along the street” including four aforementioned “MK” and two “entities that donated gas lamps”; (2) “entities located along the street” including three entities deeply involved in the activities, and five entities of “companies/stores other than the above mentioned” and “local entities/community associations”; and (3) five “public entities” included the “Urban Renaissance Agency”, “Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry”, “Osaka City Chuo Ward Office”, “Osaka City Urban Redevelopment Bureau”, and “Osaka City Construction Bureau”.
In the next step, nine major activities were extracted. For each activity, diagram was prepared to illustrate the approach of each entity for participating in activities at two time periods as “initiation period” and “vigorous activity period”. Interpreting “changes of the participating entity number” and “changes in standpoint of each entity” from the diagram, five points were revealed: (1) participating entities increased as the project progressed, (2) the leading entity changed as the project progressed, (3) the entity taking initiative changed over time from 2000 to 2014, (4) participating entities increased over time from 2000 to 2014, and (5) the degree of MK participation changed over time from 2000 to 2014. Therefore, the study revealed that the role of MK was as the first entities to take action in Sankyubashisuji when there were no community development activities, that all activities in the early phases were led by MK, and that later there were activities led by other entities as MK activities spread to involve other entities. Hence it can be said that MK played the role of creating a trigger, connecting with other entities to pass it on in the course of Sankyubashisuji community development activities.
In order to verify the above, a hearing survey was conducted from April to June 2016, with 16 people from each entity (6 from the entities not located along Sankyubashisuji street , 5 from the entities located along the street, and 5 from the public entities). The survey asked about the role, evaluation, and necessity of MK and clarified that in Sankyubashisuji community development activities: (1) MK functioned effectively as they played the role of creating a trigger, connecting with other entities to pass it on; (2) MK, a key factor of the activities, had functions of “consulting”, “taking action”, “taking risks”, “acting with business sense”, “human networking”, “communicator”, and “cooperation”; and (3) MK had characteristics of “neutrality/externality”, “reliability”, “modesty”, “responsibility”, and “cooperativeness” in order to exert its functions.
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