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  • 中島 宏昭, 寺岡 睦実, 鈴木 貢次郎
    ランドスケープ研究
    2018年 81 巻 5 号 479-484
    発行日: 2018/03/30
    公開日: 2018/07/17
    ジャーナル フリー

    Liriope platyphylla and Ophiopogon japonicus (Nolinoideae) are evergreen perennial plants that grow on the forest floor and are widely distributed in the temperate zones of Japan. However, forest floor vegetation, including L. platyphylla and O. japonicus, has been declining in abandoned secondary forests in the Kanto region, central Japan, owing to the growth of Pleioblastus chino. The present study investigated the influence of mowing P. chino on the growth of L. platyphylla and O. japonicus. We established “mowing sites” and “control sites” to compare the amount of leaf (AL) and amount of bloom (AB) in a secondary forest that has been abandoned for over 20 years. At the mowing sites, P. chino was cut annually using sickles, every summer since 2010. The growth strategies were different between the two plants, with the AB of L. platyphylla increasing along with AL, but in O. japonicus, the AB increased without an increase in AL in one of the years. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at the forest floor was considerably higher at the mowing sites than at the control sites from December to April. The difference in PAR during this period must affect the AL and AB of plants distributed at each plot.

  • 占部 大介, 井上 将行
    有機合成化学協会誌
    2019年 77 巻 5 号 452-462
    発行日: 2019/05/01
    公開日: 2019/05/13
    ジャーナル 認証あり

    This account describes convergent total synthesis of bioactive cardenolides, 19-hydroxysarmentogenin-3-O-α-ʟ-rhamnoside, trewianin and ouabagenin. The highly oxygenated structures of the target cardenolides were assembled by applying a convergent and unified strategy. The AB-ring and the D-ring were coupled via formation of the acetal tether and 6-exo radical cyclization. The subsequent aldol reaction enabled the introduction of the three new stereocenters, giving rise to the steroid framework with the cis-fused CD-ring. Attachment of the C17-butenolide by Stille coupling and installation of the ʟ-rhamnose completed the total syntheses of the target cardenolides. The structure-activity relationship study using the synthesized natural and unnatural cardenolides demonstrated the biological importance of the hydroxy groups, the monosaccharide moiety, and the butenolide substructure.

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