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  • 前川 和義, 貴島 勝郎, 烏野 慶一
    西部造船会々報
    2000年 99 巻
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2003/06/30
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    水産資源量の調査に用いられる調査船には優れた操船能力が求められることから, バウ
    スラスター
    が装備されていることが多い。バウ
    スラスター
    は定速操船時にその効果を発揮するが, 船の前進速度によって性能が低下してしまう事が知られている。本研究は漁船船型を対象として数値計算によりバウ
    スラスター
    性能の推定を行なったものであり, 計算の結果, 前進速度によって横方向の干渉力は最大20%, 干渉モーメントは最大30%減少し,
    スラスター
    推力が小さい程性能の低下が大きい事がわかった。また, 干渉力に影響を及ぼす
    スラスター
    からの噴流経路の決定手法について検討を行ない, 可視化実験によらなくとも経路の推定が可能であることを示した。
  • 貴島 勝郎, 平川 貴光, 古川 芳孝, 前川 和義
    西部造船会々報
    1998年 96 巻
    発行日: 1998/09/04
    公開日: 2018/03/01
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    Bow thruster equipped with in a ship is often used in order to improve manoeuvrability of a ship which is moving in restricted water or is berthing. When a ship is stopping or moving in low speed, bow thruster is one of the effective devices. But it is well known that the force and moment produced by thrusters decrease as forward speed of ship increase. Therefore it is very difficult to grasp the effect of these thrusters on ship manoeuvrability when ship is moving with forward speed. However, it is necessary to understand the performance of thruster from a view point of marine safety because thrusters are often used in overcrowded sea route or narrow water way. As to these problems, one of the authors has already proposed prediction method of thruster performance in the previous paper. In this prediction method, ship is substituted with a rectangular wing. Furthermore, the authors have also proposed the prediction method which includes effect of ship breadth roughly. However, those prediction methods represent only tendency of deterioration of thruster performance. In this paper, we proposed new model of entrainment function which have much influence on accuracy of prediction of jet path spouting from thruster. From the results of numerical calculations using the new model of entrainment function, it is shown that predicted jet path gives good agreement with experimental result. Furthermore we also proposed prediction method of hydrodynamic interaction forces between ship hull and the jet including effect of three-dimensional hull form, we carried out prediction of the hydrodynamic interaction forces and it is shown that the prediction method expresses the transition of lateral force and yawing moment as a function of forward speed of ship with high accuracy.
  • 藤原 俊隆, 川井 庸男, 青木 正雄, 藤川 寛
    日本航空宇宙学会誌
    1990年 38 巻 437 号 321-327
    発行日: 1990/06/05
    公開日: 2010/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The performance of a kW-order arc-jet thruster is increased experimentally by changing the geometry of the constrictor portion. Out of several test models, the type with two-stage thin throat has shown the best energy efficiency (74%) and the highest specific impluse (1, 200s) under a specified combination of mass flow rate and power supply; over a wide range of power supply (of the order of kW), this type gives the best performance, along with the most stable discharge for the power supply less than even 1kW. Flow visualization using the Schlieren method and quasi-onedimensional analysis are done to understand the phenomena occurring inside the thruster.
  • 遠藤 真, 横井 幸治, 舘 清志, 小林 弘明, 武田 宗也
    日本航海学会論文集
    1997年 96 巻 185-193
    発行日: 1997/03/25
    公開日: 2017/01/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to estimate the manoeuvrability of the new training ship Wakashio-maru IV, in which a bow thruster and a stern thruster were installed, some model tests were carried out. This paper mainly deals with experimental results of side thruster model tests and the hydrodynamic mathematical models of side thrusters which the authors proposed. The side thruster model tests consisted of the following 7 kinds of tests. (1) Propeller open tests on the side thruster impeller model. (2) Side thruster model tests with 0m/s towing velocity. (3) Side thruster model tests installed in the 1m model ship with 0m/s circulating water velocity. (4) Side thruster model tests installed in the 3m model ship of Wakashio-maru under longitudinal motions. (5) Pressure distribution measurements around the thruster nozzles on the thruster model installed in the 1m model ship under longitudinal motions. (6) Side thruster model tests installed in the 3m model ship of Wakashio-maru under oblique motions. (7) Pressure distribution measurements around the thruster nozzles on the thruster model installed in the 1m model ship under oblique motions. Results of the above side thruster model tests shows the accuracy and usefulness of the proposed hydrodynamic mathematical model of side thrusters.
  • 第1報 : サイドスラスタ単独性能
    山崎 正三郎, 石原 泰明
    日本造船学会論文集
    2000年 2000 巻 187 号 33-39
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2009/09/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Impellers of controllable pitch side thrusters are operated under the condition of the pitch angle twisted largely from the design geometory (0° (zero) pitch angle). Therefore, it is very important to consider changes of the geometrical shapes with the twist of impeller blades and their performance characteristics in the design of controllable pitch side thrusters.
    In the present paper, two impellers of the forward skew type (A) and the backward skew type (B) are designed and the above-mentioned changes of the geometrical shapes with the twist of impeller blades are calculated and their open water characteristics are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The open water characteristics of these two impellers were calculated by using the propeller lifting surface theory. Then, open water tests were performed by using the impeller models with and without the duct in the towing tank.
    These results show that the camber of the blade section becomes minus largely with the twist of impeller blades and the open water characteristics with and without the duct deteriorate in case of the backward skew type (B) comparing with the forward skew type (A).
  • 西野 正見, 深田 耕一, 前田 弘, 宮下 民部, 内木 幸次, 関岡 幹尚
    航海
    1984年 82 巻 27-35
    発行日: 1984/12/15
    公開日: 2017/07/12
    研究報告書・技術報告書 フリー
    可変ピッチプロペラと
    スラスター
    を装備した船尾トロール型の調査船を用いて,1982年4月12日から5月11日までにわたり,18回計2037反のサケ・マス流し網を揚網した際に行った翼角制御と
    スラスター
    使用の状況を分析し,次の結果を得た。1.計2037反を揚げるのに,1016分要し,この間に643回の前進,647回の停止と253回の後進,計1543回の翼角制御と155回の
    スラスター
    運転が行われた。2.前進の翼角は2°から10°まで主に3°から5°,後進の翼角は2°から10°まで主に5°と10°であった。3.前進・停止・後進の継続時間の頻度分布はいずれも対数正規型で,それらの平均は操業ごとに異なり,前進は16秒から38秒,停止は12秒から46秒まで,後進は2.5秒から33秒までであった。4.ほとんどの例の翼角と継続時間のオートおよびクロスコレログラムから,明瞭な周期性と連続性は見出せないことから,網が揚る速度は不均一で,それに応じて翼角と継続時間を不規則に変化させながら揚網しなければならなかったことが分る。5.1反を揚げるに要した時間・各翼角による推進回数およびその継続時間に関する20この変数を取り出し,主成分分析を行った結果,次のことが分った:翼角制御回数・翼角分布・継続時間・
    スラスター
    使用状況を変動させる最大の要因は,揚網操船を著しく困難にさせるような網の事故(棒捲き・もつれ・蛇行・大型魚の漁獲)の多少であった。向い風かどうかがこれに次いで大きな変動を起した。揚網中の前進で最も回数が多かった翼角3°の回数および揚網作業の基本的な変量である前進回数と停止時間はあまり大きな変動を示さず,しかもそれらの変動と他の変数の変動の間には類似性がほとんどみられなかった。6.網の事故の回数と程度は,操業ごとに異なり,一連の網に不規則に分布する。これが操業ごとに翼角制御状況と
    スラスター
    使用状況が異なり,翼角と継続時間に規則性が見られなかった原因であると考えられる。
  • トンネルスラスター
    岡田 雄大
    日本船舶海洋工学会誌 KANRIN(咸臨)
    2020年 93 巻 30-31
    発行日: 2020/11/10
    公開日: 2023/02/22
    解説誌・一般情報誌 フリー
  • 中村 昌彦, Ralf Bachmayer, Louis L. Whitcomb, Mark Grosenbaugh
    西部造船会々報
    1998年 96 巻
    発行日: 1998/09/04
    公開日: 2018/03/01
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    Precise automatic control of an underwater vehicle during maneuvering and dynamic positioning requirse accurate control of the thrusters. This paper focuses exclusively on the dynamics of electrically actuated thrusters typically employed on dynamically positioned vehicles, and on the thrust control of marine thrusters. A nonlinear mathematical model of a thruster was constructed using the results of experiments carried out to determine the thruster dynamics and an H_∞ controller combined with feedforward control was designed. Laboratory experiments and simulations of step and sinusoidal responses are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design.
  • 百留 忠洋, 中村 昌彦, 小寺山 亘, 梶原 宏之, 倉田 喜生
    西部造船会々報
    1999年 98 巻
    発行日: 1999年
    公開日: 2003/06/30
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    近年、海底資源掘削のための洋上ステーション、海上工事で使用される台船等で浮体式海洋構造物の位置制御の技術が必要とされている。ライザー管を設置している浮体式海洋構造物は、風·潮流·波等の外乱下で一定位置を保持することが要求される。また、台船、試掘船などはある範囲内で精度よく位置を調節する必要がある。このような位置制御を行うためには、浮体に
    スラスター
    等の推進器を取り付け、それらを制御することによって位置を制御する方法が考えられる。この場合、洋上において、浮体が受ける力は、波·潮流·風による漂流力及び波による動揺に分けられる。このうち波浪外力による動揺は起振力が大きく、
    スラスター
    程度の推力では抑制することが困難である。したがって、
    スラスター
    が波周期の運動に反応するとエネルギーの無駄遣いになると考えられる。本論文では、H制御理論を用い波周波数領域に反応しない
    スラスター
    コントローラを設計し、浮体模型の位置制御の実験及びシミュレーション計算を行い性能を検討した。
  • 佐田 裕之
    マリンエンジニアリング
    2010年 45 巻 1 号 37-42
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2012/11/23
    ジャーナル フリー
    Ocean-going vessels use oil lubrication in the tunnel thrusters. Offshore vessels also use oil lubrication in the azimuth thrusters. Oil leakage from the thrusters is a serious environmental issue in these vessels. In this paper, a water-soluble, environmentally preferable lubricant newly developed for such thrusters is outlined. Properties required for a thruster lubricant and a suitable base fluid are discussed. Environmental compatibility (biodegradability, low toxicity and no sheen or sludge formation), viscosity, lubricity and seal compatibility of the new lubricant are described. These properties show that for tunnel and azimuth thrusters the new lubricant can improve not only their environmental compatibility but also their seawater tolerance. Field experience of the thruster lubricant is also presented.
  • 斧 高一, 鷹尾 祥典
    応用物理
    2007年 76 巻 4 号 394-398
    発行日: 2007/04/10
    公開日: 2019/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー

    マイクロ・ナノ工学と宇宙工学は親和性のよい組み合わせである.最近,宇宙マイクロ・ナノ工学として,材料,デバイス,マイクロシステムに関する研究開発が世界中で展開され,電子的・機械的機能を基板上に集積化して構成する人工衛星,シリコンナノサテライトも提案されている.本稿では,次世代超小型衛星(<10kg)の姿勢・軌道制御に不可欠なマイクロ

    スラスター
    について,マイクロ電気推進技術の研究開発動向・課題とともに,〜mmサイズのマイクロプラズマ
    スラスター
    の研究を紹介する.マイクロ波励起マイクロプラズマとマイクロノズル流れの特徴に注目し,数値解析と実験により,この構成が実用に必要な推進性能を与えることを示す.

  • 藤重 良二, 横井 幸治, 川端 一人, 佐々木 正
    日本航海学会誌 NAVIGATION
    1997年 132 巻 51-58
    発行日: 1997/06/25
    公開日: 2017/06/30
    研究報告書・技術報告書 フリー
  • 鷹尾 祥典, 斧 高一
    高温学会誌
    2005年 31 巻 5 号 283-290
    発行日: 2005/09/29
    公開日: 2007/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes an electrothermal microplasma thruster using azimuthally symmetric microwave-excited plasmas, which consists of a microplasma source and a micronozzle. The microplasma source is made of a 10 mm long dielectric chamber of 2 mm in inner diameter covered with an electrically grounded metal, which produces high temperature plasmas at around atmospheric pressure. The micronozzle has a throat of 0.2 mm in diameter, which converts high thermal energy of plasmas into directional kinetic energy to produce the axial thrust. First, we have developed a numerical model for Ar microplasmas and micronozzle flows to estimate the thruster performance. The model consists of three modules: a volume-averaged global model, an electromagnetic model for microplasma sources, and a fluid model for micronozzle flows. Numerical results indicate that the microwave power absorbed in plasmas increases with microwave frequency f and relative permittivityεd of the dielectric chamber, to achieve the plasma density in the range 1014-1016 cm-3. A certain combination of the frequency and permittivity significantly increases the power absorption. The micronozzle flow was found to be very lossy because of high viscosity in thick boundary layers, implying that shortening the nozzle length with increasing half-cone angles suppresses the effect of viscous loss and thus enhances the thrust performance. A thrust of 2.5-3.5 mN and a specific impulse of 130-180 s were obtained for a given microwave power range (Pt <10 W), which is applicable to a station-keeping maneuver for microspacecraft less than 10 kg. Moreover, we have developed a microwave-excited microplasma source, which has a dielectric chamber of 10 mm length and 1.5 mm in inner diameter, where off-the-shelf mullite (εd ≈ 6) and zirconia (εd ≈ 12-25) tubes are employed. Experiments were performed at f = 2 and 4 GHz, Pt < 10 W, an Ar flow rate of 50 sccm, and a microplasma pressure of 10 kPa, where optical emission spectroscopy and Langmuir probe measurement were employed for the diagnostics of microplasmas. The measurements indicate that the Ar I emission intensity and plasma density ne increase with f and εd, and that the ne is in the range 1011-1013 cm-3. The rotational temperature Trot of N2 molecule in the added gas was in the range 1100-1500 K, and the specific impulse estimated from the temperature T = Trot was determined to be approximately 70 s from the model analysis.
  • 棚次 亘弘, 長友 信人, 平田 正紘, 中山 勝矢
    日本航空宇宙学会誌
    1975年 23 巻 261 号 580-584
    発行日: 1975/10/05
    公開日: 2009/05/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    The teflon pulsed plasma microthruster is a kind of electrical thruster and generates cicrothrust pulsatively by using a solid teflon as a propellant. The teflon thruster presented here is the inflight model developed for the operation in the space emviroment. This note reports on the impulse bit measurement of the teflon thruster in the ground. We applied the physical pendulum to the thrust stand and operated the thruster pulsatively once in a cycle when the pendulum passed through the lowest point. A light beem, which was thrown from the outside of vacuum chamber, was reflected on the mirror settled at the fulcrum of pendulum and was recorded on the photo-sensitive paper moving at the constant rate. Each microimpulse bit was integrated during a certain time and the average impulse bit was obtained from the amplitude of pendulum as the function of the discharge energy and the voltage applied to the thruster.
  • 佐竹 央基, 重光 亨, 荘田 勤, 渡邊 惠信
    年次大会
    2016年 2016 巻 J0520404
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2017/06/19
    会議録・要旨集 フリー

    Thruster is a thrust device that has a propeller in the tunnel which penetrates the body of the ship laterally. Ships with thruster easily can be steerage in the situation with a wave and the wind. It also becomes possible to keep the shipturn at a fixed point so that it can get ashore and leave shore quickly. Recently thruster is becoming popular, but the small type thruster is not studied enough. In this study, we made an investigation into the thruster which is used ships around 10 tons by using numerical flow analysis. In this paper, show the thrust and drag of each part of the thruster are shown so that we focus on the difference of the thrust in each flow direction is clarified.

  • 牛島 秀利
    造船協会誌
    1964年 417 巻 179-188
    発行日: 1964/05/25
    公開日: 2018/04/21
    解説誌・一般情報誌 フリー
  • 中村 昌彦, 百留 忠洋, 吉田 弘, 青木 太郎
    日本船舶海洋工学会論文集
    2009年 9 巻 139-153
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/10/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    A small AUV "MR-X1" was developed in 2000 for detailed investigation of the seafloor and marine organisms at JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology). In order to assure high maneuverability under low-speed cruising and good hovering performance, the motion of the vehicle is controlled by five thrusters. When the vehicle was built, PID control was implemented, but in order to improve control performance, renovation of the vehicle operating system has been ongoing since 2007, and a model based control (LQI control) is due to be adopted when this is complete.The paper summarizes the mathematical model of the vehicle and the design method of the motion and path controller, and shows successful numerical simulated results.
  • 久保田 博貴, 鈴木 高二朗, 川口 真吾
    土木学会論文集B3(海洋開発)
    2020年 76 巻 2 号 I_360-I_365
    発行日: 2020年
    公開日: 2020/09/28
    ジャーナル フリー

     大型船舶に備え付けられている

    スラスター
    により発生したジェット流に起因する岸壁周りの洗掘が全国で問題となっている.しかし,ジェット流による岸壁周りの洗掘に関する研究は少なく,ジェット流による底面流速や洗掘メカニズムの詳細は未だ不明のままである.そこで本研究では,実験と数値シミュレーションを用いて海外で提案されているジェット流と岸壁との衝突を考慮した底面流速推定手法を評価すると伴に,
    スラスター
    と岸壁の相対位置が洗掘形状に与える影響を検討した.その結果,条件によって底面流速推定式は実験及び数値シミュレーションを過小評価し,洗掘深推定式は実験及び現地調査結果を過大評価することが分かった.また,ジェット流と岸壁の衝突の有無に応じた底面流速によって岸壁前面の洗掘形状が大きく変化することを示した.

  • 貴島 勝郎, 松本 憲洋, 二村 正, 田中 進
    西部造船会々報
    1987年 73 巻
    発行日: 1987/03/01
    公開日: 2018/02/25
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    On bow thruster performance, only the effect of forward speed has been mostly investigated in the past. However, the effect of shallow water will be considered as the very important factor for the performance, because the bow thruster is generally used in shallow water such as harbour, bay or canal. This paper dealt with shallow water and forward speed effects on bow thruster performance, which are investigated by theoretical method developed by one of the authors and also by the experiment used a model ship of 3.0m length. From the results of numerical calculations and the experiment, both lateral force and yawing moment acting on ship induced by the bow thruster decrease abruptly as increasing forward speed in shallow water. For example, the lateral force at forward speed 1.4kt in full scale ship and water depth/draft ratio H/d=1.2 (H: depth, d: draft) will be 30% decreasing than that in H/d=6.0 which is able to consider to be deep water. Furthermore, in the turning motion of ship used only bow thruster at it's forward speed in this shallow water condition (H/d=1.2) the angular velocity decreases about 50% than that in deep water by simulation study. Thus, the shallow water effect is significant factor for bow thruster performance, and therefore this effect should be also considered at the design stage.
  • 藤野 正隆, 猿田 俊彦, 伊田 力
    関西造船協会誌
    1978年 168 巻
    発行日: 1978/03/30
    公開日: 2018/03/30
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    With regard to the effectiveness of the bow thruster, there exist a number of theoretical and experimental investigations. Especially, it is well known that the forward speed of a ship has a great influence upon the effectiveness of the bow thruster: the hydrodynamic forces which are generated by operating the bow thruster and act on the ship's hull, decrease remarkably with increase of the forward speed of a ship. On the other hand, there seems exist little knowledge of the effccts of several factors, i.e.ship speed, water depth, etc., on the effectiveness of the stern thruster. Therefore, the authors decided to investigate into the influences of the ship speed and the water depth upon the effectiveness of the stern thruster by the model experiments. As the result of the experiments, it is clarified that the ship speed has a great influence on the effectiveness of the stern thruster, which is quite different from the influence of the ship speed on the bow thruster. Namely, even in deep water, the hydrodynamic forces generated by operating the stern thruster do not decrease so much as in case of the bow thruster.In particular, it should be kept in mind that in shallow water, the lateral force due to the stern thruster increases with increase of the ship speed, and it may amount to several times the lateral force at zero forward speed. In this paper, the authors try to explain the increase of the lateral force by an analogy between the stern thruster and the jet-flap wings.
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