The limit of deferration of nickel-iron-matte without slagging of nickel was calcul ated theoretically on the basis of chemical equilibrium The cilculated values agree fairly with the analytical data in practice. It was also found that the deferration is performed more effectively at lower temperatures than higher. The comparison of convertor and reverberatory furnace concerning to the effectiveness of deferration was also made.

抄録全体を表示

オオクロガイMonodonta perplexa boninensisの記載をし, クビレクロガイMonodonta perplexa perplexaとの形態・生息場所の比較を行なった。殻は小形, 偏平な球形, 濃緑色で黄緑色の点を散らす。殻頂はわずかに突出する。螺管はクビレクロガイほど偏平ではなく, 縫合線に沿ってわずかに巻き上がる。体層は太く最後の1/2巻で急に太くなる。殻口は大きく楕円形で内面に真珠光沢がある。殻口外縁は薄く, アーチを描く。内唇外縁は肥厚し明らかな一歯を有する。臍孔は閉じる。幼貝では, クビレクロガイとの形態的な差異はほとんど無いが, 成長するに従いクビレクロガイの方が殻高が高くなる。生息場所は, オオクロガイは外洋性転石海岸の潮間帯下部であるのに対し, クビレクロガイは潮間帯中部に限られている。その原因として小笠原では潮間帯中部を中心として同属のクサイロイシダタミガイが高密度に生息し, 一方本州では潮間帯下部に同属のイシダタミガイ・クロガイが生息しており, 共存する近縁種の生息場所の違いにもとづくものと, 推論した。

抄録全体を表示

A survey was made by the Osaka Medical Association, Osaka, of symptom prevelance in all primary school children in Osaka prefecture 3 times, ie, in 1971, 1973 and 1975. The samples consisted of 609, 190-729, 048 children at 719-848 schools. The average annual levels of pollution with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide were estimated for each school, to study their correlations with symptom prevalence; and the following were found:
1) The prevalence of such symptoms as eye irritation, sore throat, cough was more closely correlated with the level of nitrogen oxide from stationary sources than with that of sulfur dioxide. This fact may be considered attributable to the phenomenon that because the pollution with sulfur dioxide has decreased in recent years, the significance of sulfur dioxide as an index to the degree of air pollution has been reduced.
2) The partial correlation coefficients showed that, out of the levels of nitrogen oxide, those due to mobile source were correlated with the prevalence of such symptoms as likelihood to sneeze (p<0.001), the presence of stridor, eye irritation (p<0.01) in particular.
3) The prevalence of the above-mentioned symptoms was increased in the central part of Osaka city where there is heavy automobile traffic at each survey.
4) The regression equation of the level of nitrogen oxide as an index to pollution and symptom prevalence was estimated for 79 primary schools located in the districts where the average annual estimated level of nitrogen oxide was in the range of from 0.002-0.039 ppm. There was a correlation (p<0.05) between the level of pollution and the prevalence of such symptoms as eye irritation, sore throat, cough in the districts where the average annual estimated level of nitrogen dioxide was about 0.015 (0.013-0.017) ppm and over.

抄録全体を表示

"Thlaspi japonicum" is the first Ni-hyperaccumulator found in Japan, and its concentrations of each element change widely corresponding to its soil condition. Especially, the plant grown at ultramafic soil area showed characteristic element contents, such as high Ni (1,553 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1>) and extremely low Ca (2,000 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1>). The comparative analysis of T.japonicum grown in andesitic and ultramafic rock area was performed, and Ni accumulation form in this plant was also investigated by dimethylglyoxim staining. The results obtained are summarized below. 1) Ca content of T. japonicum grown in the ultramafic soil area was about a fifth of that grown in the andesitic rock area. This plant contained high Zn and Cu ; especially, the Zn content of T. japonicum grown in andesitic rock was 10 times greater than that of the common plants. 2) The Ni compound in T. japonicum was observed as rod-shaped crystal, mainly in the epidermis of the leaves and inside the stem vessels. Many rod-form crystals gathering in fan-shapes were observed around the stomata. 3) Ni compound crystals were also observed in the plant dried at room temperature, but were destructed by heating at 70-80℃. It was considered that the latter transformation was caused by the dehydration of crystal water. 4) No crystal of Ni compound was observed in the T. japonicum grown in andesitic rock area, which contained high Ca of 10,000 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1>. 5) The nickel content of this plant was lowered to 255 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1> with an increasing of calcium content to 10,000 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1> after transplanting from ultramafic soil to a mixed soil of ultramafic and calcium-rich andesitic rock. Ni compound crystals in the leaves were also observed, but they decreased dramatically. 6) Some high nickel accumulating plants (100-400 mg (kg dry wt.)^<-1>) were investigated about the existence of Ni compound crystals, but no sample containing the same crystal was gained. 7) In conclusion, the main purpose of this crystallization is thought to be Ni detoxycation ; however, it was also suggested that T. japonicum may use Ni as the proxy for Ca to remove the harmful metabolites in the low-Ca ultramafic soil.

抄録全体を表示

メチルアセチレンの反塔生成物におよぼすニル錯体の原子価の影響を知る目的で,0価および1緬のニッケル錯体を用い,メチルアセチレンの接触作用を調べた。用いた0価のニル錯体は,ビス(L5-シクロオクタジエン)ニル,ビス(π-アリル)ニッケル,ビス(アクリロニトリル)ニッケル,ビス(かブチルインシアニド)ニル,およびこれらの誘導体であり,1価の錯体はπ-アリルニルハライドである。
0価錯体によるメチルアセチレンの反応では,主として低分子量化合物(メチルアセチレンの数量体程度まで)が生成するが,1価錯体では低分子量物は生成せず,ポリマー(メチルアセチレンの20量体程度)のみであった。
二,三量体の構造を調べたところ,鎖状二量体,鎖状および環状三量体であった。π-アリルニッケルハライドによるメチルアセチレンの重合では,生成ポリマーの分子量および収率が,π-アリルニルハライドのハβゲン原子により影響を受けることがわかった。また,π-シンナミルニッケルクロリドを触媒に用いたところ,ポリマーにフェニル基が結合しており,π-シンナミル基から重合が開始したと考えられる。

抄録全体を表示

The pyrolysis and hydrogasification behavior of ion-exchanged nickel species supported on Loy Yang brown coal was studied. The evolution profiles of volatile components during pyrolysis and hydrogasification were affected by the amount of exchanged nickel species. For pyrolysis, two peaks of CO evolution appeared, one at 650-770K, depending on the amount of exchanged nickel species and the other at ca. 880K, comparable to a broader peak at 870K for an acid washed coal. The CO evolution peaks became larger with increasing nickel loading. The CO_2 evolution peak appeared at 650K and it became larger with increasing nickel loading, and a new CO_2 evolution peak appeared at 850K for the nickel loadings more than 4.2wt%, which was negligible for the acid-washed coal. The decomposition behavior of Loy Yang coal is explained by the aggregation behavior of nickel species. For hydrogasification, the peak of CH_4 evolution appeared at 860-1010K, depending on the amount of exchanged nickel species, became larger with increasing nickel loading. The total amounts of CO evolved were not enhanced by the presence of nickel, however, the maximum temperature shifted to 640-700K, depending on the amounts of exchanged nickel species, comparable to a broader peak at 810K for the acid washed coal. The CO_2 evolution peak at 650K became slightly greater with nickel loadings, but the peak top temperature did not change. Larger nickel metal particles catalyzed the CH_4 formation from the Loy Yang coal under hydrogen atmosphere.

抄録全体を表示

主婦を対象としたアンケート調査結果を用いて, 野菜消費に対する消費者の意識と行動について分析すると, まず, 消費者の意識について次の二つの点が明らかとなった.すなわち, 第一に, 消費者の野菜に対する食品としての評価一実に多面的な評価一の根底には, 栄養・健康対策因子, 匂い・風味し好因子, 成人病対策因子, 代替食選好因子, 献立デザイン因子と名づけられるような, 消費者の野菜に対するニーズの潜在することが明らかとなった.
第二に, 野菜摂取の利点に関する積極的な評価は, 野菜消費拡大のインセソティブになっていると考えられるが, どのような点での評価がより重要かについては, 回答者の年齢階級間で違いがみられる.すなわち, 40歳未満の比較的年齢の若い主婦の場合には栄養・健康対策因子や代替食選好因子に規定されるような評価項目, 40歳以上の比較的年齢の高い主婦の場合には栄養・健康対策因子のほかに成人病対策因子や献立デザイン因子に規定されるような評価項目に対する高い評価が, 積極的な消費拡大意欲に結びつくことがわかった.
次に, 野菜利用の実態について分析すると, 生活費水準の影響と, むしろそれ以上に, 回答者の年齢の影響が顕著であった.すなわち, 回答者が40歳未満の場合には, 夕食の献立に採用した野菜を素材とする料理の種類は比較的少なく, それらの料理に用いられた野菜の品目数も比較的少ないが, これに対して, 回答者が40歳以上の場合には, 比較的多種類の料理法で比較的多品目の野菜を利用する-という, 対照的な二つのパターンが認められた.
消費者は, 年齢や生活費水準のいかんにかかわらず, 一般に, 野菜の消費拡大に積極的な意欲をもっていることが確かめられた.しかしながら, 今後の比較的短い期間について考えるなら, 消費者がその積極的な野菜消費拡大意欲を満足すべく行動する場合, 20歳代・30歳代の主婦と40歳代・50歳代・60歳代およびそれ以上の年齢の主婦とでは, それぞれ, 異なる潜在的ニーズに規定された野菜消費の効用に関する異なる評価・イメージを動機として, 異なる消費行動一すなわち, 40歳未満の主婦の場合には少品目多量消費, 40歳以上の場合には多品目少量消費といった対照的な行動パターンーをとる可能性が高いと思われる.購買行動面からみたその実証的検討および今後の動向の把握が今後に残された課題である.また, 野菜消費購買行動に関する長期的展望を行う場合には, 年齢階級別にみた主婦の意識や行動の違いが, 各年齢層に固有な特徴を反映したものなのか, それとも各世代に固有な特徴を反映したものなのかについての調査・検討を進めることが必要であると思われる.

抄録全体を表示

It is generally hard to determine the tungsten content by the fluorescent X-ray analysis with a tungsten target x-ray tube, because of the interference of scattered radiation of the primary x-ray., However, the scattered radiation can easily be eliminated by applying a filter before the window of the x-ray tube.Any ordinary x-ray fluorescent instrument has no attachment for fixing of the filter in operation.Therefore the filter is practically of no use.A primary beam filter which can be operated at the panel during the operating time of the x-ray tube was developed, and the determination of tungsten in high chromium-tungsten steel by a tungsten tube was successfully carried out with it.As a result, the daily analysis became facile and the accuriacy of measurements was improved.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of saccade direction upon saccade-related brain potentials (SRPs). Eight college students performed visual tracking tasks, in which an Arabic figure was presented at every 740ms on either one of three positions (center, 8 deg. to right in visual angle, and 8 deg. to left) in random order. While right directed saccades elicited more negative potentials than did left directed ones in both small and large saccades in 5 out of 8 subjects, other 3 subjects showed the opposit effects. In all subjects, however, the right directed saccades elicited more negative SRPs at O1 than at O2. And SRPs elicited by the left saccades were more negative at O2 than at O1. Since the negative shifts started at the onset of saccade and sustained afterwards, they were assumed to be caused by an eye ball potential.

抄録全体を表示

SD系ラットの回腸にみられた約10mmの先天的憩室 (メッケル氏憩室) について組織学的検索を行った。その結果, 組織学的には本例は回腸と同一の構造と機能を有するものであった。ラットにおけるメル氏憩室は極めて稀であるが, 本報告は今後新たな症例の発見の可能性を示した。

抄録全体を表示