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  • ナーラダ ラブガマ
    パーリ学仏教文化学
    2017年 31 巻 111-127
    発行日: 2017年
    公開日: 2019/02/01
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    The Muvadev dā vata tells the story of the Bodhisattva who was born as King Makhādeva, and is mainly based on the Pāli Makhādeva Jātaka. According to the story, King Makhādeva realized the consciousness of impermanence and renounced his household life after being shown a grey hair from his head by his barber. After practicing an austere life in the Himālaya forests, he was finally born in the Brahma world.
    The original story of King Makhādeva first appears in the Pāli Majjhima Nikāya Makhādeva Sutta, and in its commentaries in a more detailed form. In the Sutta, it clearly states that the only way to attain emancipation is the realization of the four noble truths and the practice of the eightfold noble path. In this context, the Jātaka and Cariyāpiṭaka, the two other Pāli sources that describe Makhādewa’s story, run contrary to the Pāli Sutta and strongly emphasize the idea of renunciation (nekkhamma) as the way to attain emancipation. The Sinhalese Muvadev dā vata also lacks the detailed explanations of the bodhisattva path, contained in the Makhādeva Sutta and Pāli Jātaka.
    This paper analyzes the various differences among the Pāli and Sinhalese sources (including Pāli chronicles) regarding the Makhādeva story and focuses on the Muvadev dā vata and its relation to the king Parākramabāhu the great, how it influenced and developed the bodhisattva ideal in the medieval period of Sri Lanka.
  • ―ダーナ実践を通したチャリティの土着化―
    中村 沙絵
    アジア・アフリカ地域研究
    2011年 10 巻 2 号 257-288
    発行日: 2011/03/31
    公開日: 2018/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー

    Today, there are roughly two hundred elders' homes in Sri Lanka. Except for three governmental institutions, all the others are private homes run mostly by philanthropic actors. These institutions are dependent on neighboring supporters in its daily provision of free meals and other equipment conceptualized as dāna, or unreciprocated generous giving, which also accompanies memorial service by the inmates for the deceased kin of the givers. This article is a genealogical study of such philanthropic elders' homes in Sri Lanka. While previous studies have discussed the rise of elders' homes within the context of Westernization and modernization, this article attempts to trace a historical account of its birth and formation in colonial/post-colonial context. By investigating both the rise of the colonial elites who established such institutions, and the establishment of its own unique fund-raising system through dāna, I try to reveal the process of indigenization of Christian charity into a more locally nuanced practice. Two main impacts will be discussed as a result of indigenization; one being the socialization of institution through gift-giving and interaction between the inmates and neighbors, and the other being the supposed alteration of memorial ritual with expanded interpretation regarding the time and the object for such practices.

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