A Noh mask, carved out of wood, is often said to be a byword for impassivity.
However, a Noh mask expresses various emotions during traditional Japanese Noh per
formances. A Noh mask that looks upward expresses happiness, while a mask looks
downward expresses sadness. Nevertheless, previous studies reported the opposite re
sults: people recognize pictures of masks with upward inclinations as being sad, whereas
masks with the larger downward inclinations were perceived as happy. This absurdity
seems to be occurred partly due to something realized in Mona Lisa’s smile. Livingstone
(2000) pointed out that we cannot directly see Mona Lisa’s smile. Her smile appears
only when we look at her eyes with seeing her mouth peripherally. A recent empirical
study confirmed that this peripheral vision for smile makes a face more mysterious than
a neutral or continuously smiling face. I will argue that a smiling mouth of Noh masks
with downward inclinations makes a Noh mask mysterious during Noh performances,
because hardly Eastern Asia people look at a mouth when they judge facial expressions (i.e., people see a mouth only peripherally). In experimental settings, people look at a
mouth of a Noh mask directly, that causes the oppsite results from those expected in
the framework of Noh world. I will also discuss similarities and differences between a
Noh mask and “Hello Kitty”, which is a fictional character that also expresses countless
facial expressions without a mouth.

抄録全体を表示

　The purpose of this study was to assess the changes induced in a regular classroom by the presence of a troubled child. In the course of the study, by focusing on the troubled child and their teachers and other pupils and investigating interactions between these three groups, some characteristics of their relationships were revealed. We conducted a quantitative analysis of the utterances of teachers and children in the class, as well as an interpretive analysis highlighting characteristic interactions in the class. Thus, we were able to demonstrate the following. Through a comparison of teachers’ utterances directed to the focus child with those directed to other children in the class, it was found that about one-quarter of the teacher’s comments were directed to the focus child. Given this result, we suggested that the teacher might be having a special relationship with the focus child. In addition, through interpretive analysis of the interactions between the focus child, teacher, and other children in the classroom, we identified two different situations of interest: a “playing situation,” which was not related to the learning of the focus child, and a “learning situation,” which was concentrated on the learning of other children. We suggest that the teacher employed these two situations intentionally to ensure the progress of the class and alternated between them, with the “playing situation” being used, in particular, for the focus child.

抄録全体を表示

非対称化粧は歴史的にも生物的にも起源を持たないが, 本研究では3つの調査研究によって非対称化粧の特徴を検討した.女子大生に非対称化粧写真の印象評定を行なわせ, 自己意識や流行を追う心理などとの関係を質問紙法で検討し, また, 実際にその化粧をさせて人と会った時の感想や満足度を記録させるモニター調査を行った.その結果, 非対称化粧は斬新で成熟した魅力を演出できる場合があり, 日常では採用しないが一人でこっそり試してみたいという傾向が見られ密かな変身願望を刺激したこと, 公的・私的自己意識とはあまり関係しないが, 非対称化粧による自己イメージの不一致を個人がどう解決するかという点で人格変数と関係がありそうであること, そして非対称化粧をした時に一般他者の視線 (3人称) が気になると共に, 親しい相手にどう見られるか (2人称) をとても気にする, などがわかった.非対称化粧は極めて社会的なものといえる.

抄録全体を表示

It is necessary to unite new ideas in present newspaper printing technology prior art so as to enable newspaper printing technology to dynamically adapt to the required quality standards and limitations in this day and age. There are three key steps to idea generation. (1) An all-company approach that integrates the operations at the print site with those in prepress. (2) Chance of study that acquires basic knowledge and technology that becomes base thought whether to be able to do something every day. (3) A mechanism to obtain consistent quality. The quality never improves if it is important that the print quality manage the analog by using digital, and the print engineer does not have the ambition. It is worth discussing the switching off of the rudder of newspaper print equipment, which is a process that will be followed in the industry in the near future, although it is forecast that a rotary inkjet printer called a print-on-demand (POD) press might also experience a surge in demand. However, this device might become obsolete if the preparation is not advanced now. the dream is requested to be connected to a severe current ambient surrounding, and only having the stuff of dreams lead to rapid improvement in newspaper quality.

抄録全体を表示

これまで日本市場では、国産のCGアニメーションはヒット作に恵まれなかった。しかし2014年は、映画の『楽園追放Expelled from Paradise』や『Stand by Meドラえもん』、TVシリーズの『シドニアの騎士』や『山賊の娘ローニャ』と話題作が公開・オンエアされた。これまでのように国産のCGアニメーションが単発で作品をリリースしていた時代と異なり、作品群が立て続けにリリースされ、CGアニメーションを観る機会と見慣れる環境が集中的に出来上がった。またCGアニメーターの力量の向上により質の高いCGアニメーションが制作され、日本市場にフィットした作品群が登場したと言える。本稿では、日本のCGアニメーション市場の動向を『楽園追放Expelled from Paradise』を中心に分析する。

抄録全体を表示