Nowadays, anybody can easily express their opinion publicly through Consumer Generated Media. Because of this, a phenomenon of flooding criticism on the Internet, called flaming, frequently occurs. Although there are strong demands for flaming management, a service to reduce damage caused by a flaming after one occurs, it is very difficult to properly do so in practice. We are trying to keep the flaming from happening. It is necessary to identify the situation and the remark which are likely to cause flaming for our goal. Concretely, we propose methods to identify a potential tweet which will be a likely candidate of a flaming on Twitter, considering public opinion among Twitter users. Among three categories of flamings, our main focus is Struggles between Conflicting Values (SBCV), which is defined as a remark that forces one's own opinion about a topic on others. Forecasting of this type of flamings is potentially desired since most of its victims are celebrities, who need to care one's own social images. We proceed with a working hypothesis: a SBCV is caused by a gap between the polarity of the remark and that of public opinion. First, we have visualized the process how a remark gets flamed when its content is far from public opinion, by means of our original parameter daily polarity (dp). Second, we have built a highly accurate flaming prediction model with decision tree learning, using cumulative dp as an attribute along with parameters available from Twitter APIs. The experimental result suggests that the hypothesis is correct.

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　People’s activities on the Internet are becoming digitized, and substantive

analysis methodologies such as quantitative content analysis and network analysis

are developing rapidly. Meanwhile, they cultural anthropology is methodologically

characterized as essentially qualitative, with ethnography at their core.

How can cultural anthropology approach our online activities and our lives in

general with the Internet as a component through the method of ethnography?

It is necessary to fundamentally revisit the conventional methodology built on

the premise of the analog age with regard to ethnography in the context of the

cyberspace field.

　　Accordingly, cultural anthropologists who are interested in Internet studies

and communications researchers who engage in an ethnographic approach have

accumulated diverse developments in methodological discussions surrounding

online ethnography, virtual ethnography, digital anthropology, and so on.

　　Based on the author’s awareness of these issues and the developments in

scientific discussions, has been proposed hybrid ethnography. The aim of this

paper is to clarify the methodological subject of media studies pertaining to the

digital network age based on the research the author conducted in online public

opinion as part of the larger framework of the changes in ethnographical

approaches, while attempting to propose concrete arguments on the methodology

of hybrid ethnography by presenting research examples that include the

elements of: 1. quantitative content analysis, 2. data structure analysis（ various

methods of multivariate analysis）, and 3.（ social） network analysis.

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海賊版コンテンツの拡大に伴い2020年の改正著作権法で従前は侵害行為ではないリーチサイトが著作権侵害とみなされるようになり，私的使用の範囲とされ権利侵害ではなかった違法配信コンテンツからのダウンロードが違法化されることとなった．改正著作権法の内容を解説すると共に，改正法が実際に海賊版対策として実効性を持ち得るか，今後の著作権法の行方とともに考察するものとする．

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