The aim of the current study was to examine changes in mothers' perceptions of and attitudes towards childcare in terms of (1) parenting anxiety, (2) maternal perceptions, and (3) mothers' sense of where they belong. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 mothers participating in the Y (childcare) Group regarding their experiences within the group. The interview data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Four categories of perceptions/attitudes were identified, and these perceptions/attitudes transitioned in a certain process. “Anxiety about parenting” changed to “Reduced anxiety about parenting.” This led to “Changes in attitudes towards parenting.” This resulted in the “Formation of bonds.” However, one mother's perceptions/attitudes did not follow the aforementioned process. That mother's perceptions/attitudes provided a contrast that helped to more thoroughly understand steps in the process.

　　Mothers transitioned from passive to active involvement and then ultimately interacted with other members of the group. Mothers began by resolving their own parenting issues. This provided them with a sense of belonging through which they were able to reconcile their identity as an individual and their identity as a mother. A basis for mutual support was created among mothers. This support fostered perceptions and attitudes that supported parenting efforts by other mothers. Support for mothers in the community needs to encourage communication and interaction among mothers. Support for mothers needs to help them build networks and it needs to provide individualized support to mothers who feel left out of a childcare group.