In the
Ritsuryo period when codes of laws named
Ritsu and
Ryo were in force, there were three kinds of servitude at the central Government of Japan. They were called
Jicho, Uneme and
Mecho. The people were obligated to work in the employ of the Central Government agencies.
Jicho, Uneme and
Mecho were mentioned already in the historical records of the time of Emperor
Nintoku and Emperor
Yuryaku (313-479 A. D.). In China, it was the time of East
Chin and
Sung (one of the southern dynasties). Namely, the reigns of these Emperors preceded the
T'ang dynsty of China by 160 to 200 years. Some servitudes similar to
Jicho, Uneme and Mecho are described in
Chou-li _??__??_ and the same servitudes existed also under the reign of
Ch'in _??_
Han _??_ and other dynasties before
T'ang. Therefore, it is concluded that Japan learned from China the form of servitudes described above before the reception of the
T'ang culture.
抄録全体を表示