Since a fire is the most dreaded disaster for a wooden building, signs and symbols of fire prevention are commonly used on "munafuda" (dedication board). These sings are, for instance "[figure]" symbolizing water, or ones which stand for the sun, the moon and stars. Especially, stars of 28 hotels are popular, such as "△" representing the star of the triangular seat, that is, the north heaven. The Chinese character 'seal' is used as a magical sign of 'cutting of a seal' and also of 'enclosing something inside' ; sometimes the mere symbol "[figure]" is applied in the same occasions."[figure]" occasionally symbolizes four kings. The sign "[figure]", meaning 'nine characters are cut' in Yin and Yang theory, is used. Again, in Buddhist temples, munafuda registers "" symbols.

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これまで言及のなかった情報-噂を伝聞する語りに注目、様々な利害のもとに発信・伝達される<情報>の<戦>わされるポリフォニックな場として物語を捉え、それを進行形で語ることを可能にした、局所的視点による語りの方法を示す。また「作者」の機能として、声による語りを「有りのまゝ」に記録したこと、それによって、消えゆく情報に踊らされて関係を結んでゆく人物たちの滑稽さと不条理さを示し得たという、新しい見方を提示する。

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This paper is on extract from my presentation"The Research on the Code of Ethics upon Politicians"given at Japan Association of Legal and Political Science in November of 1991. 1. Introduction 2. The Analysis on the codes of ethics upon politicians 3. The characteristic codes of ethics upon politicians 4. Case study-the code of ethics upon politicians in Sakai City- 5. Conclusion

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Ground fissures radiated from the footing of a bridge pier were found after the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake. The cause of the ground fissures are reported to have been generated by the movement of the pier toward the river (or sea) due to lateral spreading of the ground induced by soil liquefaction. It has been indicated that this lateral spreading of the ground intensified the damage to structures, so that the investigation of the mechanism that causes this severe damage is urgently needed. Consequently, this kind of ground fissures is being observed with keen interest. This paper clarified from simple experimental and numerical studies that the ground fissures appeared not by the force due to the spreading ground acting to the back of the footing of the bridge pier, but by movement toward the river (or sea) of the ground behind the riverbank (or sea-bank) caused by the collapse of the riverbank (or sea-bank).

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Development of bronchial asthma is usually attributed to hypersensitivity of the respiratory tract, allergic factors and infection, but psychogenic factors have no less importance in that development. We experienced one case of bronchial asthma in which psychogenic factors played an important role. The patients was treated with psychotropic drugs only to be complicated by lowering of PaO2 and atelectasis. The patient was a 71-years-old woman who had been treated by a home doctor under the diagnosis of bronchial asthma since 1971. In March 1979,she had visited our hospital because of dyspnea, vomiting and depressive state, which were improved by interviews. In April 1980,dyspnea and depressive state recurred, when she was readmitted and given antidepressants, which brought about atelectasis on the left lung. As she had a temporary improvement, she was transferred to another hospital where she was continuously treated with anti-anxiety drugs and antidepressants only to have redeveloped atelectasis. Atelectasis at the left lower lobe still remains uncured. Psychotropic drugs are useful for bronchial asthma, but they should be administered very carefully with due consideration to the time of administration. Supplementary drugs need to be used in combination with them by paying careful attention to their dosage.

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The width of effective area of bridge pier, which is an important factor to calculate possible capacity of a fair-way, is obtained for small boats from observation, made on the Sumida River, Tokyo. Statistical manipulation is made for frequency data of separation of boats and the edge of bridge Pier. The width of effective area is obtained to be about 2a+3Lpp for small boats. Such value for tnain barges is 2a+80m, where 2a is the width of bridge Pier. The speed of boats under the bridge (Eitaibasi) shows little change compared with that in ordinary condition.

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　当院の人工股関節全置換術のバリアンス分析と13施設間の比較によるベンチマーキングを行った。バリアンス分析による改善案として、①長谷川式スケールの削除、②ドレーンに関する項目の削除、③術後のジクロフェナクナトリウム坐薬の用量は現行のまま、となった。ベンチマーキングでは①術前除毛の削除、②術前浣腸の削除、③抗生剤投与期間は適当、④車椅子乗車時期および荷重時期の早期化、⑤退院時期の早期化が提案された。

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Though a style of "hearsay" is disguised in almost all modern novels, it is discussed here what is the function of "hearsay" especially in Junichiro Tanizaki's two works Manji and Yoshinokuzu. In Manji, the speaker and the listener competed with each other and created the tention in which the author manifested his thoughts. Contrarily the author's feeings were narrated in the framework of Manji so that both of them were identified and supplemented each other. Those two novels contrast each other in the style of "hearsay", and other works are located between the two.

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