With the increasing number and variety of orders sent to printing companies, there has also been an increased burden on printing company salespersons. Consequently, there has been a significant decrease in the time available to clarify customers' real problems and to propose solutions, which is the original task of these salespersons. To address this issue, we propose the application of DX as a way of improving the efficiency of sales activities. Specifically, it involves the use of a printing mail-order system and marketing automation system. The printing mail-order system optimizes routine operations such as ordering printed materials or creating quotations. Further, marketing automation makes it easier to target high-probability customers, which increases sales efficiency.

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Digital printing presses have been actively developed recently, but offset printing still leads in terms of new equipment and production. Regarding the use of offset printing presses in recent years, power-saving UV, LED-UV, and inline print quality management systems-such as quality inspections, automatic registration, and color control-have increased rapidly. These systems reduce printing loss, time loss, and delivery time; further, they increase the production efficiency of offset printing. Therefore, the retrofit of those systems to existing machines is increasing. Gang-run printing that executes multiple work projects simultaneously raises the profitability and competitiveness for short-run offset printing. It is expected that automatic operation by nonstop startup and optimized operation by IoT will be realized soon. The integration of offset printing and digital printing in workflow and production systems is becoming more necessary.

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In Japan, the number of sheet-fed offset presses using power-saving ultraviolet (UV) -curable ink have been increasing dramatically in recent years. As a result, "on-demand handling" for short-run print jobs and "added-value printing" with varnish coating or special substrates are also increasing. Power-saving UV and light-emitting diode (LED) -UV curing systems are mostly used by commercial printers with no previous experience in UV printing, and these systems are successful innovations for print production, sales, and management. The shift from oil-based ink to UV-curable ink eliminates color change due to drying after printing, and it realizes numerical color management. Decreased paper waste and gang printing reduce cost and improve competitiveness of short-run offset printing. Several in-line systems for print quality management, e.g., automatic registration, defect inspection, and color control, have recently been developed. In the near future, production systems integrating both offset and digital printing will be needed for print orders. This means that on-demand handling of offset printing will be increasingly important.

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孤独死の問題が取り上げられる時，社会との繋がりが希薄になっていることが原因であるという見方がされる．また，心身健康の側面から見たとき，精神疾患者は，周囲の理解を得ることが難しく，同様に社会との繋がりが希薄になってくる．
本研究では，独居死と精神疾患の関連を明らかにするために，過去3年間に実施された法医剖検例から性別，年齢，死因，既往歴等を抽出し，調査した．
剖検例1702件のうち，独居死は472件であった．このうち，精神疾患者群は，123件見られ，その年齢構成は，高齢者よりも，若年層に多いことが示された．死因について，特徴的な傾向として，男女とも精神疾患者群では，中毒及び自殺の割合が高く，特に，65歳未満の女性の精神疾患者群では，この傾向が顕著であった．この中には，薬物の多量摂取が疑われる事例があり，精神疾患者特有の現象と考えられ，精神面でのサポートの必要性を示している．

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The purpose of this study was to examine the reports of student’s task solution based on psychosocial development theory. “Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development” were explained in a course conducted for students. The learning outcomes of the foreign students and except foreign students were compared and examined. As a result, the analysis showed that students reported that they gained knowledge three-factor structures pertaining to the ”Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development” through the course.

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Depression plays an important role in the etiology of suicide. There are few effective screening strategy for depression with less dependence on psychological specialists, though a systematic reduction of the incidence of suicide will first require finding potentially depressive persons. We evaluated whether depressive people diagnosed by SDS questionnaire may be detected by lifestyle factors.
Five hundred-one people (male/female=247/254, age 32-78 years) were asked validated questions on depression, regular diet, alcohol consumption, current smoking status, regular physical activity, and medical history. Depression was defined based on the total score from the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and score of ≥40 points was considered to indicate depression.
Sixty-three people (male/female=29/34, 12.6%) were defined depression. The multivariate-adjusted OR of depression was 2.70 (95%CI: 1.26-5.82) for "current smoker" and 0.48 (95%CI: 0.26-0.87) for "getting enough sleep".
Persons with depression may have more risk behaviors such as smoking, poor diet, or lack of exercise than persons without depression, though it has been argued that the relationship between depression and risky lifestyle is bi-directional or high co-morbidity.

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To evaluate the usefulness of an injector designed for semi-solid enteral formula, in comparison with a catheter tip syringe.
The subjects of this study were 20 health elderly adults and 20 medical professionals. The study was made in a crossover design for the time of the whole process for mock administration of semi-solid enteral formula and the associated survey. It contained ten questions about user-friendliness and hygiene afterwards.
The time of the whole process for the injector designed for semi-solid enteral formula is significantly shorter than that of the catheter tip syringe (558.2 ± 54.4 vs 1231.5 ± 149.6 seconds among healthy elderly adults, and 406.6 ± 44.6 vs 854.8 ± 92.1 seconds among medical professionals). In the survey, the medical professionals group evaluated that the injector was better than the catheter tip syringe in response to all questions, except for one question, and the healthy elderly adults evaluated that the injector was better than the normal syringe in response to all questions.
The results of the study show that the injector designed for semi-solid enteral formula is more useful than the catheter tip syringe.

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　日本は世界に例を見ない少子高齢社会であり，都市集中型社会でもある。その中で，杏林大学がキャンパスをおく東京都三鷹市と八王子市は地域内に退職した団塊世代を多く抱え，高齢者の健康問題や地域再生など多様な課題に直面している。杏林大学は，三鷹市，八王子市に加え羽村市と連携し，この課題に全学的に取組むため文部科学省の地（知）の拠点整備事業に応募し採択された。杏林大学は医学部，保健学部，総合政策学部，外国語学部を擁する総合大学であり，その医療と教育・研究資源を動員し地域課題に取組みつつある。我々は，杏林大学が全学を挙げて統合的な地域連携の中心となることCenter for Comprehensive Regional Collaboration，すなわち杏林CCRCを構築することを企図し，その中核として杏林CCRC研究所を設置した。本事業では具体的なテーマとして，「生きがい創出」「健康寿命延伸」「災害に備えるまちづくり」を掲げて新しい都市型高齢社会の姿を模索するのみならず，問題解決力を有する学生を育成することも目指している。

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［目的］本研究は，開発した「しりとり認知機能テスト」の再現性と妥当性について検討した。［対象と方法］対象は，通所リハビリテーション施設に通所している高齢者71名（平均82．4±8．7歳）である。課題は，独自に作成した単語表から単語を提示し，被験者がその語尾から始まる単語を返答する質問形式とした。再現性は級内相関係数（ICC），妥当性はMMSE との相関分析により検討した。［結果］しりとり認知機能テストの再現性は極めて高く（ICC＝0．915），MMSE との相関は性別に関係なく中等度から高い有意な相関が認められた。認知機能の重症度別に検討すると，重度・中等度低下群は中等度の相関が認められたが，軽度低下・正常群では弱い相関に止まった。［結語］しりとり認知機能テストは再現性が高く，簡易認知機能テストとして臨床応用できる可能性が示されたが，軽度の認知機能低下の検出力には限界があることも明らかとなった。

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トヨタ生産方式における管理手法の一つに「目で見る管理」がある。これは近年，「見える化」と呼ばれることが多くなり，その概念は拡張されてきた。また，情報処理技術(IT)は，急速に発展し，小型化・ネットワーク化・低廉化が進み，現場における見える化に利用が広がっている。一方，製造現場では，人材の流動化が進み，高齢作業者や未熟練作業者，外国人作業者が増加しており，生産性向上や品質維持のうえから作業支援が重要な課題となっている。それらの課題に対応するため，ITを利用して生産計画や在庫状況，設備の稼働状態，作業手順などを見える化し，管理・監督者が現場状況を把握し，現場で働く人々が判断し意思決定しやすいよう支援する必要がある。本研究では，ITを使った製造現場における見える化の事例を紹介し，ITによる見える化の有効性について議論する。併せて，製造現場へのIT活用に対する管理者の抵抗意識についても報告する。

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Herein, the potential and industrial feasibility of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are evaluated. The μPADs are a new kind of diagnostic tools that can offer a facile, ultra-low-cost and quantitative analysis. Since they are made of paper, they are easy-to-handle, highly producible and readily disposable. Until now, various methods for microchannel patterning have been developed. In terms of mass production, we note the viability of industrialization of μPADs.

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〔目的〕介護老人保健施設で生じた転倒・転落の事故を3年間に渡り，後方視的実態を把握することである．〔対象と方法〕介護老人保健施設で転倒・転落した285事例を対象とした．転倒・転落の状況を調査し，軽度要介護者と重度要介護転倒者との比較を行った．〔結果〕転倒・転落のリスクが高いものは，要介護3～4，女性で80歳代，認知症と骨関節系疾患を有し，下肢筋力低下，下肢の関節拘縮，疼痛が生じており，車椅子使用にて日常生活に一部介助を要するものであった．〔結語〕重度要介護者の転倒・転落も多いことが示唆され，転倒対策の一助になりうる．また，非転倒者間での比較は今後の検討課題である．

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要旨: 高齢期の人工内耳装用については, 高齢に伴う身体的変化などから, 高齢期特有の課題を有していると推察される。我々は, 高齢期人工内耳装用の実態と課題を明らかにするため, リハビリテーションを担当する言語聴覚士 (ST) に実態調査を行ったので報告する。対象は, 全国の人工内耳手術施設に所属する ST103名で, 郵送による質問紙調査を実施した。その結果, 32名より回答を得た。高齢者の特徴として, プログラミングにおける音質の評価と T レベルの測定, さらに操作, 装用では, プログラムの調節, 音量調整が困難であり, トラブル対応ではケーブル交換に課題を有していた。それらの課題は, 前期高齢者より後期高齢者でより困難と評価していた。個別状況の配慮については, 個別支援や家族や施設職員との連携体制を特に強化していた。80歳以上の高齢者では, 通院継続の困難さに課題も示され, よりきめ細かい支援の必要性が指摘された。

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This study examined and compared beliefs about the ability to remember of three groups of adults: 99 young, 97 middle-aged, and 104 older adults. The beliefs were assessed by asking participants to indicate the expected trajectory over the lifespan on a graphic rating scale, the General Beliefs about Memory Instrument (GBMI) (Lineweaver & Hertzog, 1998). The results showed the following. Although all age groups expect a decline in the ability to remember with age with the peak around 20─30 years old, older adults perceive an age-related sharp decline later in life than the other age groups do. All age groups perceive that remembering names is more affected by age than any other memory abilities. The trajectory of age decline in remembering in general coincides with that in remembering trivia. All age groups believe that the ability to remember at the age of 10 is as good as at the age of 40. All age groups responded to the scales based mainly on the abilities based on their experiences.

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